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The consequences of deviant behavior
The consequences of deviant behavior
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My experience before reading this excerpt? I come from a religious background and I already have had this fear instilled into me. My uncle, who recently just became a pastor after his late father, told me that I should have more fear in God than having fear in the Devil. He told that God is in control of what happens to those who sin and this relates to an excerpt from Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God that I pulled out of the Volume 1 Edition of The Bedford Anthology of American Literature.
The author of the sermon, Jonathan Edwards, was extremely passionate about the Bible and the interpretation of God. On July 8th, 1741, he published one of his many sermons onto paper and also added his interpretation of the Bible. Within his sermon he states the sinners will be given eternal damnation based on their actions. There are three main points that he makes within his sermon: sinners will face judgement, God’s wrath will come fast to those who sin, and that it is God’s own choice to allow a sinner to continue another day.
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All throughout Edward’s sermon he uses a lot of metaphors and different types of imagery that supports his claims.
There were two metaphors that stood out to me. One was on page 353 and it stated, “The God that holds you over the pit of hell, much as one holds a spider, or some loathsome insect, over the fire, abhors you, and is dreadfully provoked; his wrath towards you burns like fire; he looks upon you as worthy of nothing else, but to be cast into the fire;...” (Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God). I can certainly picture myself being in that situation, being hoisted above a pit of molten lava and fire by a huge support and then at any moments notice the supporting hand can let me drop into the pit
below. The other metaphor that puts an image into my mind was on page 355 and it states, “If you cry to God to pity you, he will be so far from pitying you in your doleful case, or showing the least regard or favor, that instead of that he’ll only tread you under foot: and though he will know that you can’t bear the weight of omnipotence treading upon you, yet he won’t regard that, but he will crush you under his feet without mercy; he’ll crush out your blood, and make it fly, and it shall be sprinkled on his garments, so as to stain all his raiment” (Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God). The one image that came to mind after reading that excerpt was picturing myself going to a parade and seeing all the people marching and watching confetti fly all around the festivities.
Foreboding and dreadful describe the tone of “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”. Edwards makes the tone very clear by saying “The God that holds you over the pit of Hell, much as one holds a spider or some loathsome insect over the fire” (154). He tries to convey the wrath of god that will come upon them if they do not devoted themselves to Christ by saying “Thus all you that never passed under a great change of heart, by the mighty power of the Spirit of God upon souls, all you that were never born again, and made new creatures, and raised from being dead in sin, to a state of new, and before altogether unexperienced light and life, are in the hands of an angry God.” (154).
Edwards immediately begins with a harsh, almost cruel, tone with the use of abrasive diction. His first moments of preaching the sermon had the use of words such as, “over the pit of hell;..deserved the fiery pit… wrath in hell… devil is waiting for them,” (1). Edwards
In these text, “The Minister’s Black Veil” and “The Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” the preachers are teaching their congregations a lesson.
On July 8th 1741, Jonathan Edwards preached the sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” in Enfield, Connecticut. Edwards states to his listeners that God does not lack in power, and that people have yet not fallen to destruction because his mercy. God is so forgiving that he gives his people an opportunity to repent and change their ways before it was too late. Edwards urges that the possibility of damnation is immanent. Also that it urgently requires the considerations of the sinner before time runs out. He does not only preach about the ways that make God so omnipotent, but the ways that he is more superior to us. In his sermon, Edwards uses strong, powerful, and influential words to clearly point out his message that we must amend our ways or else destruction invincible. Edwards appeals to the spectators though the various usages of rhetorical devices. This includes diction, imagery, language/tone and syntax. Through the use of these rhetoric devices, Edwards‘s purpose is to remind the speculators that life is given by God and so they must live according to him. This include...
The author used “firey pit” to put the image of burning inside of unconverted sinners head when
He speaks with some allusions and phrases that show the audience that he is well educated in the subject that he is speaking on. He says that, "Who knows the power of God 's anger" (Edwards 43)? This is an allusion from Psalm 90:11 in the bible and he just assumes that his readers are aware of what he is referring to when he says this. Since Edwards was a respected preacher of that time the sermon meant more to the people because of his qualifications and his experience ("Using" 14). Also throughout his sermon he refers to a happening of that time which was known as the great awakening. When speaking of this Edwards stated "Many are daily coming from the east, west, north, and south; many that were lately in the same condition that you are in, are now in a happy state, with their hearts filled with love to him who has loved them" (Edwards 44). He told them about the others who have already came and been converted to Christianity and hopes that showing them the others that have came they would also change their ways and be converted. Also, this being the time of the great awakening he wants the unconverted of his congregation to become a part of it and referencing to this event helps contribute to their
For instance, Edwards utilizes imagery when he mentions, “O sinner! Consider the fearful danger you are in: it is a great furnace of wrath, a wide bottomless pit...with the flames of divine wrath”. In hope of instilling a vivid image of the underworld, Edwards uses repetition with the word “wrath” to put emphasis on the alarming situations that occur in hell, as well as showing God’s anger. Furthermore, Edwards uses diction when he states “you hang by a slender thread” to illustrate God’s ruthlessness to sinful behavior. With this in mind, it depicts God’s powerfulness and superiority, compared to man who is weak and powerless. In another example, Edwards states “the God that holds you over the pit of hell, much as one holds a spider, or some loathsome insect...abhors you”. This simile is paramount because man is compared to a spider, portraying mankind to be disgusting and futile. Moreover, with the use of diction with the words “loathsome” and “abhors”, it emphasizes Edwards conception that God is outraged and heartless to the people that reject their faith.
As many religious leaders before and after him, Edwards's source of inspiration and guidance is the Bible. His understanding of this cornerstone of New England society enables him to reinforce a persuasive dissertation with biblical quotes and passages; however, not all the quotes cited by Edwards support his interpretations exclusively. Often Edwards uses parts or sections of biblical verse rather than complete text because too much information might diminish the importance of his primary intent. These instances of manipulation occur in the doctrinal section where Edwards attempts to prove the basis of his application. "Cut it down, why cumbereth it in the ground?", Luke 13:7, is used by Edwards to illustrate God's justifiably immediate destruction of those guilty of sin. Absent from his selection is any mention of the moderation and patience that continues in Luke 13:8-9: "let it alone this year also, until I dig around it and fertilize it. And if it bears fruit, well." By omitting these verses of scripture, Edwards hopes to move his audience by his calling rather than at their own leisure. Another example of manipulation occurs as Edwards proposes that sinners are already Satan's property. In section five he states that Satan "stands ready to fall upon them and seize them...
In the first chapter of God Behaving Badly, David Lamb argues that God is unfairly given a bad reputation. He claims these negative perceptions are fueled by pop culture and lead many to believe the lie that the God of the Old Testament is angry, sexist, racist, violent, legalistic, rigid, and distant. These negative perceptions, in turn, affect our faith. Ultimately, Lamb seeks to demonstrate that historical context disproves the presumptuous aforementioned. In addition, he defends his position by citing patterns of descriptions that characterize God throughout the Old Testament. “Our image of God will directly affect how we either pursue or avoid God. If we believe that the God of the Old Testament is really harsh, unfair and cruel, we won’t want anything to do with him” (Lamb 22). Clearly, they way Christians choose to see God will shape their relationship with Him.
He persuades by, “The God that holds you over the pit of hell, much as one holds a spider, or some loathsome insect over the fire, abhors you, and is dreadfully provoked,” (126) for a simile, “...you hang by a slender thread, with the flames of divine wrath flashing about it,” (128) for imagery, “It is a great furnace of wrath, a wide and bottomless pit, full of the fire of wrath, that you are held over in the hand of that God...” (128) for a metaphor, and finally, “the fire pent up in their own hearts is struggling to break out...” (126) for personification in order to convey to the unconverted of the horror and fear that will be cast upon them in a way to insuring that using literary devices gives off a lot more imagination than reality does. Each one of the literary devices was portray into explaining the consequences of what can be done to a person if they were not going to listen to God. Eventually, the unconverted would hear what Edwards has to say, and did, in fact, follow in his footsteps for fear of being in eternal
Dante’s Inferno presents the reader with many questions and thought provoking dialogue to interpret. These crossroads provide points of contemplation and thought. Dante’s graphic depiction of hell and its eternal punishment is filled with imagery and allegorical meanings. Examining one of these cruxes of why there is a rift in the pits of hell, can lead the reader to interpret why Dante used the language he did to relate the Idea of a Just and perfect punishment by God.
Jonathan Edwards author of “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” and Nathaniel Hawthorne author of “The Minister's Black Veil” wrote about the Puritans’ religion. Both texts include information about sins. Both texts also share and express different feelings towards the Puritan religion. The two texts will be compared by details, tone, and figurative language. While I would characterize Jonathan Edwards’ text as powerful and harsh, the character of Parson Hooper changes the reader’s understanding of Puritan ideals of religion by showing readers everyone sins.
For example, he argues that “every unconverted man properly belongs to hell” (322). Right before he makes this claim, he quotes John 3:18, and right after, he quotes John 8:23. By bracketing his claim with direct quotes from the Bible, he provides evidence that defends his belief about where non-Christians are destined to end up. This pattern of justifying his arguments with biblical scriptures continues; for instance, when Edwards proclaims “All the kings of the earth, before God, are as grasshoppers . . . The wrath of the great King of kings, is as much more terrible than theirs, as his majesty is greater.” (328) he immediately quotes Luke 12:4-5. This provides validity to his claim that God’s wrath is infinitely more terrible than any earthly king. He goes on to expand on God’s powerful wrath and asserts that “Nothing shall be withheld, because it is so hard for you to bear.” (329); he follows this up by quoting Ezekiel 8:18. Through once again following up his claims with a reference, Edwards proves that his argument of a non-pitying, wrathful God is biblically
When putting an eyeglass to christianity one cannot help but see the impactful dread that is puritan society. Amongst many text are two that stand out. “Sinners in the hands of an angry god” by jonathan edwards and ”The Minister's Black Veil” by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Both seek to drive a stress on the evils of secrecy but the more effective of these two is “The Minister's Black Veil, who's staying power makes it hard to forget
Is God wrathful or forgiving? Is the human race prepared for the Judgement day? Jonathan Edwards addresses these questions in his sermon Sinners in the Hands of Angry Gods. Edwards explains that at any moment this wrathful God above could drop the whole entire human race into the fiery pits of hell. Repentance and change of heart is the only way that they can save themselves. This means that they have to realize that their hands hold their faith and Puritanism explains this to its followers in away that will save them. The human race has to realize the power of this angry God, and he has the power to just give up on the human race and drop them into hell for their selfishness. Edwards shows the theme of accepting