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Plato's educational philosophy
Plato's educational philosophy
The teaching of Plato
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Plato (420-348 BC) has been called one of the greatest mind thinkers of all time. Plato came from a wealthy and influential family in Athens. Plato was taught by the great philosopher Socrates and Plato 's pupil was Aristotle. Plato cover a great variety of subjects such as justice, politics, leadership, and education. Plato 's ideas have been called great, however, some critics have said he 's ideals were unrealistic. This paper will look at four different authors and their critiques of Plato 's philosophy of education. Most of the authors agree with Plato 's philosophy of education, but the major criticism is Plato calls for censorship in education. The first author that this paper will talk about is Edward Power.
In Education of Philosophy,
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Dewey believes Plato 's thought that a great education and should be educated in different subjects. These subjects include: reason, goodness, transcendentalism, rationalizations, sense observation, representation, and temperance, workmanship as a medium of guideline, inspiration and truth.
Dewey talks about Plato 's class structure and the corresponding each class has. Intellect corresponds to ruling class; feelings correspond to warriors and finally desires and appetites correspond to working or artisan class. Dewey also explains how each of the classes and resources has its own directing prudence. A brains life up to expectations legitimately when it is guided by insight and intelligence is to know a definitive truth, indisputably the great. Insight intends to realize what lies past the appearance, the powerful truth.
Dewey explains that Plato a general public keeps up equity if its classes are upright as per their class particular needs, warriors are fearless, rulers are astute and masses have temperance. In the event that these classes demonstration in complete congruity with one another and in every class individuals have the class specific virtue, then the general public will turn into an equitable
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believes that Plato’s philosophy of education is a means to achieve justice, both individual, justice, and social justice. Myungjoon states as per Plato, singular equity can be acquired when every individual builds up his or her capacity minus all potential limitations. Myungjoon feels that Plato thinks justice is a means excellence and excellence is what virtue is. Virtue is knowledge and to Myungjoon this is why Plato believes that knowledge is required to be just. Myungjoon goes on to break down Plato 's three stages of advancement of knowledge. The three stages are of Plato 's knowledge of advancement is knowledge of one 's own employment, self-knowledge, and knowledge of the Idea of the Good. Myungjoon takes Plato 's philosophy of education to mean that all individuals can without much of a stretch exist in amicability when society gives them equal educational opportunity from an early age to contend decently with one
John Dewey dedicated his life to improving the education system through his philosophical beliefs. Some of these beliefs include freedom of the mind and strong bonds between students and teachers. He believed that high schools did not prepare students for the real world by simply teaching the fundamentals of learning: reading, writing, and arithmetic; instead, teachers must prepare students for real-life situations. Dewey suggested that in order for students to perform to the best of their ability they should be exposed to an environment that resembles the real world. These goals should be taught in a democratic environment in which the teachers and students should have equal voices. Also, the needs of the child should be placed above anything else. Through an interdisciplinary curriculum, students could explore their environments through a curriculum that focuses on connecting multiple subjects and choosing their own paths. Unfortunately, high schools do not acknowledge Dewey’s ideals, which often results in students becoming useless members in society, receiving jobs that only have pecuniary benefit.
Dewey’s philosophy of pragmatism and his creation of progression education, simply emphasize the need to learn by doing (Rivera-Castro). His idea that children learn best by doing and exploring the environment around them plays well into Greene’s idea of being wide-awake and allowing teachers and students to create
...d of the students to work. The mind will be given concepts to engage with so that it will become engrained in the students for life. The subjects will become useful to the students because of what they have learned through reading and writing combined with the instruction of their teachers, who do not make them only read and write, but also give the students time to discuss and struggle with the various subjects. This is what Socrates and Phaedrus were doing, and of this is what excellent education consists.
The irrational concept of the education has been influenced moral principles concerning what is good for a society as well as for an individual; however, the understanding of the intrinsic nature of the education removes the darkness of beliefs, which Plato calls prisoners’ shadows in his writing The Plato’s Allegory of the Cave, a dialogue between Glaucon and Socrates. Although “The Plato’s Allegory of the Cave” was written thousands of years ago, Plato’s depiction of the true education is a wakeup call for our humanity to admit the acquisition of knowledge with circumspection. The truth often relies on a mistaking understanding of sight or shadow according to Plato; the truth regularly relies on prejudice which makes an individual a prisoner, and the discovery of new truth often encounters hostility. A close analysis of Plato’s Allegory of the Cave allows us to view the education as not a way to transfer knowledge, but a way to transform
These forms of analysis point to us that even if we can see things it still does not mean that it does not exist. Plato revealed to us that we have three stages of knowledge growth: Thinking, Intelligence, and Belief. The one that would have made it four, Imagining, Plato describes it as the lowest among this growth.
... middle of paper ... ... By examining Plato’s use of themes as well as a modern-day comparison to the allegory, one can best grasp the concept of knowledge and how the Sun and our senses guide our education. The concept of our knowledge being a result of our surroundings in the world, rather than a text book, is simply fascinating.
To get a sense of what an education was intended for we must look at the ancient Greek society. The philosophers like the Sophist, Socrates, and Plato were a major part of the Greek society and the rest of the world. Take the Sophist for example, these scholars who would, for a fee, travel to give public lectures on such subjects as math, grammar, rhetoric, ethics and science. For the citizens, lectures were not only an educational experience, it was also considered a form of ...
Dewey published over 100 books during his lifetime, dealing with topics such as education, ethics, logic, metaphysics, aesthetics, religious experience, war, politics, and economics. He was often scorned by other philosophers who thought his philosophy was too concerned with practice and not concerned enough with theory or with traditional philosophical issues like epistemology (or "how can we know"), ontology ("what is real"), or traditional logic ("what is truth"). Dewey was quite blunt in his claim that "Philosophy recovers itself when it ceases to be a device for dealing with the problems of philosophers and becomes a method, cultivated by philosophers, for dealing with the problems of men." (The Need for a Recovery in Philosophy, 1917)
In the first chapter, Dewey draws attention to a conflict in educational theory, between traditional and progressive education. He conceives of traditional education as a system that has that encourages student attitudes of ‘docility, receptivity, and obedience’ (Dewey, p. 3). He considers the task given educators in traditional education to communicate knowledge and skills, and enforce rules of conduct for the next generation. He considers progressive education a system that critiques traditional education for imposing controls and limiting active participation by students in developing subject matter. Progressive education gives learners ‘growth’, freedom of expression and activity. Dewey sees the strengths of progressive education contributing helpfully to an experience of education (p. 20).
Early thought processes concerning education laid the groundwork for the modern philosophy of education, including university structures and frameworks. What our ancients have advocated is said to be the cause of every century’s success in continually gaining knowledge. But Plato and Aristotle had very different opinions when it came to the education branch of life.
John Dewey was one of the most influential American philosopher born in Vermont in 1859. He graduated from the University of Vermont and eventually got his Ph.D. and went on to teaching at other universities. In his book Experience and Education he talks about traditional education, the theory of experience, criteria of experience, social control, the nature of freedom, the meaning of purpose, progressive organization, and at the end he raps it up with the means and goals of education. Dewey was a well-known philosopher and his ideas travel all around during the early 20th century. He had two main principles; the principle of continuity and the principle of interaction that led to what he believed was the proper way to educated students.
Plato is dramatizing the idea by setting forth the revelation between the sensible and the intelligible so as to highlight the far greater attractiveness of the latter . The idea behind the concept being what we think we know (opinion) and what we will learn and eventually know (knowledge). An example of this is stereotyping a person whom you have never met; eventually after you have talked to them to ascertain a knowledgeable amount of information about themselves, you...
In order to understand how unity and harmony tie the ideal state together, one must first understand the coloration of unity with justice. Simply defined justice, according to Plato, is specialization. Each person doing their own craft is what justice entails. However, this definition of justice leads to something larger within the individual and the state. According to Plato, "... we must compel these Guardians and Auxiliaries of ours to second our efforts; and they, and all the rest with them, must be induced to make themselves perfect masters each of his own craft. In that way, as a community grows into a well ordered whole, the several classes may be allowed such measure of happiness as their nature will compass" (P, p. 111). The theory of justice as specialization leads to the happiness of the whole.
Plato believes there is two types of worlds that are of knowledge and opinion. As he understands, what is an every lasting reality is a true knowledge, which is the heart of what needs to be understood and everything people need to know. As he says for opinion, it will be only successful some times, as knowledge will always be right and successful at all times when implemented. An opinion for him has no base on true knowledge, but pure people’s speculations of their points of views. A true knowledge will never be influenced by any changes and it cannot be affected by anything; it will stand alone without changing. In Plato’s argument of how men will acquire knowledge in life, he says that knowledge resides in men’s immortal soul prior to his birth; this is how men will first encounter what he calls the “Forms” in that
Dewey, John, and Reginald D. Archambault. John Dewey on education; selected writings.. New York: Modern Library, 1964. Print.