Piaget's formal operational period is said to begin around age 12 and carry on through adulthood. Formal operational thinking can be defined as the period in which individuals are said to think with not only logic but more abstract thinking begins to occur. What Piaget calls hypothetico- deductive reasoning, is a crucial part of the formal operational period. This is where individuals begin to think about “what if’s” and they take a more abstract approach to situations. Often in this period individuals think from a hypothetical standpoint . They start to think not only about their own thoughts but the ideas of those close to them. This specific period is exemplified through the character Claire. During one of the scenes in the breakfast club …show more content…
The conventional level of moral development described by Kohlberg is when an individual focuses more on doing the things that will maintain their social order. Rather than internalizing rules to avoid punishment individuals do it to win the approval from others. In the same scene previously mentioned where Claire explains that she would no longer be friends with the people amongst her, she believes this to be the right thing because her friends would not approve of this group, and as said before was ridiculed for her opinion. At this point claire begins to feel attacked so she then pulls andy into the equation by saying he would act in a similar manner specifically that he would make it seem as though he did not like brian to his friends if he were to approach andy in the hallway. In every scenario brought up the act was always based on the approval of the individuals friends. Another example of the conventional level is shown through the character Andy. Andy explains to the group how he ended up in saturday detention, which is for harming another student. Andy goes into further detail of how this action was not for his own pleasure but in fact for the approval of his father because his father often mentions how he used to do things like that in high school. In a previous scene at the …show more content…
role confusion, confusion plays a major part in the breakfast club specifically with the character John. A lack of identity, or identity confusion may be closely associated with substance abuse, unprotected sexual activity, anxiety, low-self worth and eating disorders. It is said that before discovering your identity one goes through various phases, or roles. In this case the Johnny takes on a “troubled kid” persona. In the essay written by Brian that is spoken at both the beginning and end of the movie he is even referred to as “the criminal.” In a scene following the example used previously John talks of how all he got for his birthday was a carton of cigarettes handed to him by his father who then continues to say “smoke up johnny.” Although he does not specifically say his home life is chaos however one can infer that it is no a loving and supporting environment that is necessary for proper
Jean Piaget studied the intellectual development of his own three children. Piaget created a theory that descried the stages the children pass through in the development of intelligence and formal thought processes. (Cherry, 2016) Precious would be categorized under Piaget theoretical development stage of Formal Operation. The Formal Operation is the last stage of Piaget’s theory that takes place between the ages of 12 to adulthood. During the Formal Operation stage, the young adult begins to think abstractly and reason about hypothetical problems. During this stage; abstract thought emerges, young adults begin to think more about moral, philosophical, ethical, and social issues that require theoretical and abstract reasoning. An adolescent in the Formal Operation stage will begin to use deductive logic, or reasoning from a general principle to specific information. (Cherry,
Piaget’s Formal Operational Theory leads to the understanding that adolescents, around the age of 11-12, are believed to enter a developmental stage in which they gain the ability and capacity to think abstract and reason scientifically. This dramatic leap in Andrew Clark’s case in The Breakfast Club shows that he understands exactly how his father acts and what kind of person he is as well as the kind of person his father expects him to be. He can logically see the expectations that his father has for him. If he is not the best at wrestling then his father will be disappointed and punish him via verbal abuse. Andrew also talks about how much pressure his father puts on him to be perfect; he understands the hypothetical possibilities that could
Piaget believed that a child’s development is neither intrinsic (learning based on interest) or extrinsic (learning from an outside force, such as a parent). He believed that a child develops based on his or hers interactions in the environment (Mooney 2000). Piaget created four stages of cognitive development, some of which can be seen in the film “Cheaper by the Dozen”. A few examples of characters that display Piaget’s theory are the twins, who are in the preoperational stage and lack the concept of conservatism, and the mastermind, who is in the concrete operational stage and show's the concept of decentralism. These characters will have Piaget’s theory applied to them in the following paragraphs.
In the model I developed for child development there are three main groups: physical, mental, and social. Within these three groups are subcategories, many including ideas from various theorists, that I will use to support my system of child development. Throughout this paper, I will use ideas, definitions, and examples from the theorists I have chosen and from my own experience.
I will begin by selecting a scene from the movie and using it to explain what interpersonal communication is. The interpersonal transaction I chose to isolate was the scene where we see Bender and Claire going through each other’s wallet and purse. Claire inquires about the pictures of girls in Bender’s wallet and Bender asks about the number of items in Claire’s purse. This scene shows that interpersonal communication is a dynamic process. In previous transactions between the two characters, they are hostile towards each other and self-disclose minimally. In this conversation, Claire calmly asks Bender personal questions, although Bender is still watchful of what he self-discloses. Interpersonal communication is inescapable. While Claire is asking these questions, no matter how Bender responds, he is still sending Claire a message about himself, which is a form of communication. Interpersonal communication is unrepeatable, in that Claire probably wouldn’t ask the same kind of questions after realizing Bender’s disbelief in monogamy. The conversation couldn’t be reenacted exactly the same. Interpersonal communication is also irreversible. After this interpersonal transaction, it would be impossible for Bender to argue that he believes in monogamy or for Claire to argue that she doesn’t. Even if they were to say they didn’t mean what they said, the transaction would still have some sort of effect on both of them. Interpersonal communication is complicated because Claire must take everything she knows about Bender in consideration before she forms her questions. When she asks Bender why he doesn’t believe in monogamy and Bender doesn’t respond, Claire doesn’t take into consideration the fact that Bender likes to disclose very little about himself. This scene also shows that interpersonal communication is contextual. If Bender and Claire weren’t in detention together, they wouldn’t even b...
Piaget believed that young children’s cognitive processes are intrinsically different from adults and that when they moved from a position of egocentrism to sociocentrism (during adolescence) that they had reached their potential in cognition.
Piaget versus Vygotsky: Similarities and Differences This paper explores the ideas of Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. Exploring their philosophies and how they impact us today. The two scholarly articles show similarities and differences in their works and explore what they each mean. Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky are two of the most influential philosophers in the field of cognitive development.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development: Piaget’s stages of cognitive development are the sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage, and formal operational stage. To start the book Holden is getting kicked out of his current school. He has already failed out of three other schools and is not looking forward to telling his parents he has just failed out of the fourth school that they paid for. Holden is in the fourth stage, the formal operational stage. According to piaget, in this stage people think ahead to solve problems, and in this situation, that is what Holden is trying to do to deal with his parents and getting kicked out of school. also, In this stage, people compare the results of what might happen from the choices that they could make and then they decide what path to choose. Holden is doing this when deciding how to tell his parents what had happened
As a teacher being aware of how your student’s thinking is occurring will be essential in planning, and creating lessons. Piaget believed that a child’s cognitive development is a process. He believed there are four factors; maturation, activity, social experiences, and equilibration, that affect the quality of children’s thinking as they grow. As well as four stages of qualitatively different types of thinking through which children progress towards adulthood; sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal
...d to be a jock and rough person who is really competitive as a wrestler. However he is actually pressured to be aggressive and competitive by his father, which he does not accept or like. Brian is perceived to be a genius, confident and nerdy person. However he is in fact pressured by his parents to exceed in school and do more than what he is capable of doing. As such, he breaks down when he gets bad grades which is a disappointment to his parents. Lastly, John is perceived to be a cold, “badass”, gangster type of person who harasses people with regret or remorse. However he behaves this way because his parents are abusive to him and treat him disgustingly. To cope with this, John behaves coldly. In The Breakfast Club various social psychological theories and concepts are demonstrated by the characters through the way they reveal their behaviors and inner selves.
During this time, according to Piaget adolescents are entering the formal stage, they now can think logically about abstract concepts and can think hypothetically. They can formulate arguments, problem solve verbally, and tend to think about thoughts itself. The first question I asked about this topic was how they would describe their though process and ways they solve problems, and he said that he likes to try to think in a rational way. I then asked how his thought process helps and or hinders him. He responded by saying that it hinders him by creating fear. I was a bit confused by this, so I asked for an example, the example was, when he does things that are adventurous, he just went to a church retreat and there was a zip line. He said
Both Piaget and Vygotsky agreed that children's cognitive development took place in stages. (Jarvis, Chandler 2001 P.149). However they were distinguished by different styles of thinking. Piaget was the first t reveal that children reason and think differently at different periods in their lives. He believed that all children progress through four different and very distinct stages of cognitive development. This theory is known as Piaget’s Stage Theory because it deals with four stages of development, which are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational. (Ginsburg, Opper 1979 P. 26).
Jean Piaget’s cognitive theory states that a child goes through many stages in his or her cognitive development. It is through these stages that the child is able to develop into an adult. The first of these stages is called the sensorimotor period, in which the child’s age ranges from 0-2 years old. During this sensorimotor period of a child’s development, the child’s main objective is to master the mechanics of his or her own body. Towards the end of this period, the child begins to recognize himself as a separate individual, and that people and objects around him or her have their own existence.
Piaget’s Cognitive theory represents concepts that children learn from interactions within the world around them. He believed that children think and reason at different stages in their development. His stages of cognitive development outline the importance of the process rather the final product. The main concept of this theory reflects the view th...
Piaget theorised that children’s thinking goes through changes at each of four stages (sensory, motor, concrete operations and formal operations) of development until they can think and reason as an adult. The stages represent qualitatively different ways of thinking, are universal, and children go through each stage in the same order. According to Piaget each stage must be completed before they can move into the next one and involving increasing levels of organisation and increasingly logical underlying structures. Piaget stated that the ‘lower stages never disappear; they become inte... ...