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Sexuality and literature
Caste system in india essay
Caste system in india essay
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Recommended: Sexuality and literature
“Homosexuality: Struggle of the Queer Nation”
The term “homosexuality” is a taboo for many while it does not exist for others. Impending wars, terror attacks, natural calamities, the world is under a great threat and so is humanity. People tend to forget or rather neglect the plea of the so called ‘minority’ community. Around the globe we can see the increasing awareness among the people but it is also a fact that gender based hate-attacks are also on the rise. To understand homosexuality is also to understand the workings of nature and its historical evidence. Aristophanes in Plato’s The Banquet, gave an extraordinary account of sexuality. According to him, in the legend of the ancient world there were three types of people. “In ancient times
R. Raj Rao’s The Boyfriend depict such anxieties not only related to homosexuality but also with its implications on the nature of the caste and religious relations among the communities. The novel revolves around one Brahmin bachelor Yudi who is gay and strolls around public toilets in search for boys who would want to have casual sex with him for money. As he normally goes out in search for his apparent mates he finds a Dalit boy named Milind, whom he drives out of his flat after a short fantasy ride fearing his identity. However, his encounters with Milind make Yudi fall for the teenage boy. As fate disintegrates Milind goes missing from Yudi’s life into the corrupt world of Bollywood call boys. At last Yudi finds him again, only to witness that he has married a woman. The novel ends with a seemingly heart wrenching episode for Yudi as Milind visits him often for his own financial interests and Yudi just can’t let him go for his love for
However dramatic it may sound but the characters have their own flaws and loopholes inherent in them molded socially as a part of their conscience. For instance, as an elitist population English is often used by Yudi so as to intimidate his sexual encounters. His mannerism contradicts with his assertion and certainty of homosexuality. He considers himself as an untouchable like all those others of the lower minority caste and that he is gay by caste and religion, however he detests the mannerisms of the people of the lower caste. It can be rightly assumed that the class and caste difference persists even in the homosexual “territory”. The novel also depicts the “pederastic couple” (a boy and a man) thus, relating to the functioning of the ancient civilizations but also implicitly persisting to the psychological damage to the adolescent population who are dragged into this dangerous business due to economic problems, unemployment and forced human trafficking. Thus, the post-colonial “modern” India is still bound by the base and superficial terms of class and caste and the novel The Boyfriend very openly depicts this demographics of India and also the supposed condition of the rest of the
In the Indian culture, marriage is different from another culture's point of view. In the film Ravi decides to break a two year relationship from an American woman before he attended his family trip to India, which coincides with
Boo’s story begins in Annawadi, a trash-strewn slum located by the Mumbai International Airport. This “sumpy plug of slum” had a population of three thousand people living within 335 huts (Boo, 2011, xi). The land owned by the Airport Authority of India and was surrounded by five hotels that Abdul’s younger brother described as “roses” versus their slum, “the shit in between” (Boo, 2011, xi). Abdul is a Muslim teenage who buys garbage of the rich and sells it to recyclers to support his family. Abdul’s family, Muslim, is a religious minority in the slum of Hindus; in fact a major element of tension within the book can be distilled to these Hindu-Muslim tensions. This difference in religion makes Abdul fearful of his neighbors for two reasons: (1) they would attempt to steal the family’s wealth, and (2) if Abdul were caught, he would not be able to support his family. The other major character was Fatima, a woman who burned herself by attempting suicide through self-immolation. She accused Abdul, his father, and sister of beating and threatening her; in India, it is against the law to convince someone else to kill him or herself. With a corruption-ridden legal sys...
Aristophanes thinks that a human’s love is clearly “a lack” – a lack of one’s other half- and having no meant to satisfy themselves they begin to die. Zeus, having failed to foresee this difficulty repairs the damage by inventing sexual reproduction (191 b-c). Any “embracements” of men with men or of women with women would of course be sterile – though the participants would at least “have some satiety of their union and a relief,” (191 c) and therefore would be able to carry on the work of the world. Sex, therefore, is at this stage a drive, and the object is defined only as human. Sexual preferences are to emerge only as the human gains experience, enabling them to discover what their “original form” had been.
The article “The Invention of Homosexuality and Heterosexuality” addresses how homosexuality was invented and how society accepted this new form of sexual orientation. Homosexuality is more socially acceptable in modern times. However, dating back to the nineteen century homosexually was classified as a disease that had to be cured. In the nineteen century, homosexuals diverted from the “norm” thus, they were seen a disability. Mann and Susan Archer state that “Foucault argued that the invention of the reviled "homosexual" is one of the most significant and enduring legacies of this period in sexual history as well as a classic example of the way in which assorted sexual acts were re-conceptualized in the late nineteenth century from fleeting practices to symptoms of permanent disorder and sexual personage.” This article adopts concepts of normalcy, and race in relation to heterosexuality.
Dover, K. J., and Elizabeth M. Craik. "Plato's Philosophy of Sex." Owls to Athens. 1st
For two strangers who are engaged within three weeks, Ashima and Ashoke do share similar characteristics as American newlyweds do. In fact, one can compare their first encounter as a fairy tale. Ashima tries on a pair of unknown shoes and they fit perfectly. Ashoke’s shoes does intrigue her for, unlike her other suitors, he is from the United States. There is something about Ashoke’s foreignness that catches her intention. Her feet feeling his sweat is similar to love at first sight, or in this case love at first touch. “It was the closest thing she had ever experienced to the touch of a man” (8). Ashima has not even caught a glimpse of her future husband; yet he grabs her attention. Their first physical encounter is more like a job interview, but both Ashoke and Ashima steal a quick glance at each other. A quick peep is another way of telling them how beautiful and handsome they are. Appearances do not matter much for those two, but Ashoke does take notice when Ashima appears worn out from motherhood. “He looks at Ashima, her face leaner, the features sharper than they had been at their wedding, aware that her life in
Marriage is complex and within marital complexity lies complications. Accordingly, in the short story “A Temporary Matter” by Jhumpa Lahiri, the author communicates marital issues and the perspective of an American Indian that is particularly exhibited through the characters, Shukumar and Shoba within the story. Additionally, the characters marital complications are communicated through literary elements such plot and action. Furthermore, Jhumpa Lahiri also uses characterization regarding personality and character background within the short story to bring forward a theme. To say nothing, the character in the story that is particularly utilized to provide indication of marital issues from their own American dream of having a family through the American Indian background and perspective to personality in order to bring forward a theme of how lack of communication falters in a
Ashok’s house. When Balram sees his master hiring a prostitute, he expresses his disappointment inside his head, “A whore? That’s for people like me, sir. Are you sure you want this? I wish I could have told him this openly - but who was I? Just the driver (Adiga 185). Since the first day Balram works at Mr. Ashok’s house, Balram has always given his master a special admiration because of Mr. Ashok treats Balram really nice, unlike the Stork or Pinky Madam. Because Mr. Ashok just has a divorce, Balram is disappointed when he sees his virtuous master listens to a corrupted wealthy man to hire a prostitute. If Balram were not a penniless driver but a wealthy entrepreneur, he could have given his master the advice not to hire a prostitute “openly.” However, Balram knows he could not do that “openly” because of the great distance in social class between Mr. Ashok and him. The example above indicates how Balram starts to want to be more than just a servant. After hearing Mr. Ashok says how he wants to be a poor man, Balram expresses his rage by indicating, “I smiled and thought, I like eating your kind of food too” (Adiga 203). Being in a lower caste is not an easy experience for Balram; that’s why when Balram hears Mr. Ashok, an upper caste man, says that he wants to have a life like Balram, Balram feels irritated because he
The sexual orientation of a person has been a critical debate over the past several centuries. For several...
Homosexuality has been the topic of constant conflict today. Homosexuality is defined as, a romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender. In addition, homosexuality has been accepted more today, however, it is still frowned upon by many. Consequently, there are many challenges on the views of homosexuality. Some may think that this is an abnormal behavior, to have an attraction to the same sex. On the contrary, there are many who defend that the feelings that homosexual has, are feelings that are normal, not to mention, homosexuals believe that they were in fact born this way. Furthermore, in this essay, it will look at the challenges that are presented on this topic, and look at the conflict that is between society, homosexuals, and the church.
In the novel, parental absence escalates sibling conflict, which leads to the characters escapement, ultimately resulting in Bim’s anger. While some readers may think that Clear Light of Day just represents a single family’s struggle, the novel clearly represents India’s struggle as well. India’s independence from Britain consequently leads to the formation of Pakistan and continual religious and political conflict. This novel is an allegory that explains political combat in an accessible way because everyone is part of a family. This novel not only models the reasons for conflict in India but for other nations and even families as well.
There are different gender identities such as male, female, gay, lesbian, transgender, and bisexual that exist all around the world. There is inequality in gender identities and dominance of males regardless of which sexuality they fall under. The males are superior over the females and gays superior over the lesbians, however it is different depending on the place and circumstances. This paper will look at the gender roles and stereotypes, social policy, and homosexuality from a modern and traditional society perspective. The three different areas will be compared by the two different societies to understand how much change has occurred and whether or not anything has really changed.
The fragility of marriage is an issue that is almost constant throughout Lahiri’s Interpreter of Maladies. Lahiri demonstrates that marriages are held together by a verbal promise that obscures the fact that a person falls in love, not with another person, but with the way that person makes him/her feel about him/herself. In “A Temporary Matter,” Shoba and Shukumar’s relationship is destroyed because of their loss of the ability to make each other feel the way they once did. In “Sexy,” Miranda falls for Dev because he makes her feel important and
The novel depicts the life of Jaya at the level of the silent and the unconscious. A sensitive and realistic dramatization of the married life of Jaya and her husband Mohan, it portrays and inquisitive critical appraisal to which the institution of marriage has been subjected to in recent years. It centers round the inner perception of the protagonist, a woman who is subtly drawn from inside, a woman who finds her normal routine so disrupted that for the first time she can look at her life and attempt to decide who she really
From the beginning of time, homosexuality has been, and continues to be an extremely sensitive and controversial topic among the masses. Individuals constantly find themselves lost in seas of chatter, participating in riveting debates regarding whether or not homosexuality is born or made. Every human being has their own set of values and beliefs, but both society and the church 's perspective of the issue have changed dramatically over the years.