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Aristotle's concept of imperfect friendship
The effect of friendship
Aristotle's concept of imperfect friendship
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Recommended: Aristotle's concept of imperfect friendship
Patrick Nadzadi
December 11, 2014
PHIL 324
Ancient Greek Philosophy
Dr. Rubenstein
Aristotle’s Account of Friendship Aristotle first explains what all entail friendship. That it is a feeling similar to that of necessity and a good overall pleasure-filled feeling, though some like me may disagree on this. Friendship is that which consists of a given mutual feelings towards one another. These feelings would consist of goodwill. Then Aristotle continues on to the three kinds of friendship. The first kind of friendship is that being one based on utility. At this point this is where both people coming together would gain some sort of benefit from one another. The second kind of friendship is one that is based on pleasure. This is where both people
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1) I on the other hand think people can survive without friendship if that is what they want. What I am trying to get across is that friendship is a choice, you can choose to be in one of the three types friendship or you can opt to live without friendship. The reason why I feel friendship is a choice rather than a necessary achievement is due to the fact that some people are more drawn to living alone, and the fact that some people should not have friendship because they misuse it. “Parent seems by nature to feel it for offspring and offspring for parent, not only among men but among birds and among most animals.” (Aristotle, 2014, Pg. 1) Aristotle does point out that men just as animals need friendship of some sort, but there are animals that live alone. Take a bear for example, they go off on their own and live alone till they find a mate and begin the Third kind of friendship expressed by Aristotle. Yes, in the end they find friendship but it shows that animals and men are capable of living alone and providing for themselves until they make the choice of entering a friendship of some sort. People are capable of moving into he wilderness and living on their own, people are creatures of choice. We make choices everyday and if one of those choices is to move into the wilderness and never form a friendship, that person would be able to adapt to that lifestyle because that is one of the greatest defense mechanisms a human
Friendship can be debated as both a blessing and a curse; as a necessary part of life to be happy or an unnecessary use of time. Friends can be a source of joy and support, they can be a constant stress and something that brings us down, or anywhere in between. In Book 9 of Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle discusses to great lengths what friendship is and how we should go about these relationships. In the short story “Melvin in the Sixth Grade” by Dana Johnson, we see the main character Avery’s struggle to find herself and also find friendship, as well as Melvin’s rejection of the notion that one must have friends.
Aristotle argues that friendship is a vital part of life. It serves not only as a means to bond individuals together, but also a necessity in achieving overall happiness. Aristotle comments on the various types of friendships that exist, and the role they each play in society. He explains three overarching types; utility, pleasure, and complete friendship. Yet, with family, friendship is different than it is with companionship. As Aristotle states in his piece, Nicomachean Ethics on friendship in families, “they all seem to depend on paternal friendship” (Aristotle, 1161b18). In The Aeneid, Aeneas and Anchises’ relationship, perfectly embodies this. The father son bond does not distinctly resemble one of the three types, rather it is a friendship in of itself; a paternal friendship.
Aristotle presents his view of the mutual desire for good in others, or Friendship in his work, The Nicomachean Ethics. He asserts that friendship comes in three types, Virtue Friendship, Use Friendship, and Pleasure Friendship. He distinguishes Virtue Friendship as the perfect friendship, leaving Use Friendship and Pleasure friendship as deficient friendships. C.S. Lewis presents his view of friendship, which is motivated by appreciation love, in his book The Four Loves in a manner seeming to correspond to Aristotle’s concept of Virtue Friendship. Lewis also presents his perception of Companionship, which seems to correspond to Aristotle’s notion of Use and Pleasure Friendships. Lewis presents a more modern and seemingly accurate rehabilitation
Acts of a Friend Everyone in life develops at least one friendship in their lifetime, some stronger than others. In some cases a friend might ask for a favor that would be considered immoral. Cicero and Montaigne express their opinions toward this situation and how a true friend would act through the story of Blossius and Tiberius Gracchus. Both come to the same conclusion but they have different reasons as to why they hold that position.
Late one evening, curled up in her nest, Harriet lay thoughtfully reading the last of Aristotle’s model of friendships: the perfect friendship. Though no secret to Harriet, Aristotle presents the idea that it is the most desirable and genuine of the three forms. The foundation of this friendship is not trivial, but instead the relationship is built on a common good and virtuous nature. As Aristotle explains, “those who love for the sake of utility love for the sake of what is good for themselves, and those who love for the sake of pleasure do so for the sake of what is pleasant to themselves.” Aristotle continues, “Perfect friendship is the friendship of men who are good, and alike in virtue; for those wish well alike to each other qua good, and they are good in themselves.” (concluding sentence or two...)
II In Books VIII and IX, Aristotle discusses the role of friendship in the good life.
In america 3.5 million people are homeless, living under overpasses, in parks or even on a bus stop bench. there are many things that can make people homeless in America. With low wage jobs and high cost of living not everyone can make it. 1 out of every 7 americans could be at risk of hunger, and have to choose between shelter or food because they can’t afford both. 25 % of all homeless people have a mental illness, this means they are not fit to live independently, and instead of getting help from the government, they wander the streets and a lot of the time find closure in using illicit drugs or becoming alcoholics. 68% of people suffering from homelessness is addicted to drugs and/or alcohol.the leading causes of homelessness in america is Political, mental and economical reasons.WIth the economy down many Americans are unemployed and can barely sustain a life, and with all the layoffs and job cuts many families are put under terrible circumstances. Even people with good jobs can find themselves in debt from high mortgages, in recent years the rate of foreclosure rose 32%, and studies show that 10% of people looking for shelter in homeless shelters are doing so because of foreclosure. Homelessness is a cycle, once they get that low it is very hard to get themselves back
According to an article published by Scholastic more than 630,000 people are homeless on any given day in the United States. Some of the reasons these people are homeless are because of unemployment, lack of affordable housing, and being unable to support a larger family on their income. Also the article states that the number one cause of homelessness in the United States is the lack of affordable housing. This is such a big problem because even though that individual or family has a source of income the payment for a house or apartment is still too much for them to afford which can cause them to become homeless.
This is particularly interesting with reference to the aforementioned passage, as there is no reference to which form of justice Aristotle is referring when he says “when men are friends they have no need of justice” (Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, 1155a). Earlier in the text, Aristotle delineates two forms of justice: a justice that is “a part of virtue”, or “particular justice”, and a justice “that is not part of virtue but the whole of virtue [...] but their essence is not the same” (Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, 1130a-b). The second form of justice is a more universal form of justice, differentiated from virtue as the exterior consequence of an interior quality of being virtuous. When Aristotle says that “when men are friends they have no need of justice”, he is likely referring to the first form of justice, the particular justice, which is itself broken down into four other types: distributive, rectificatory, reciprocal and equity. All four of these types of justices explain how it is that people should engage in transactions with one another, and how these transactions and engagements should be corrected. When people are friends, the idea that they have no need for justice simply means there is no need for a corrective form of justice, as all transactions made between friends—individuals who share concern and wish well-being for one another—should innately be done in a just fashion. Aristotle does not suggest that “when men are friends they have no need for [universal] justice”, nor does he suggest that abiding by the particular form of justice is unnecessary in the basest forms of
Friendship is a bond that brings society together as a whole. The article, “Friendship in an Age of Economics” by Todd May describes six friendships that pertain to life. In the Of Mice and Men excerpt, the reader meets two characters, George and Lennie, and their friendship is shown. Of the six friendships, in “Friendship in an Age of Economics,” the true friendship, developed by Aristotle, is used in Of Mice and Men through George and Lennie’s relationship because of how they act towards each other, and how they take care of one another in many different ways. First, the article introduces the audience to friendships described by Aristotle, and Todd May.
Philosophers have discussed and debated about friendship and the true meaning of being a friend to others; Aristotle has given requirements as well as qualities a friend possess within different types of friendships. He debates that a good man does not need friends, but the points he brings up proves that a good man can not live a pleasant life in solitary. Many believe this to be true based off of Aristotle's point that a good man does not need friends as long as they are self sufficient and blessedly happy (63). Aristotle defends that theory by stating that a good man already has all his goods, which would make him self sufficient in itself and as long as the man is good than he does not need friendship. If a friendship were to emerge between a man who is happy and self sufficient and a man who is not, the friendship would falter because the good man does not benefit from the relationship.
Aristotle wrote on many subjects in his lifetime but one of the virtues that he examines more extensively is friendship. Aristotle believes that there are three different kinds of friendship: utility, pleasure, and virtuous friendships. He also argues that a real friendship should be highly valued because it is a complete virtue and he believes it to be greater than honor and justice. Aristotle suggests that human’s love of utility and pleasure is the only reason why the first two types of friendships exist. Aristotle also argues that humans only set up these types of relationships for personal gain. But when he speaks of the virtuous friendships, Aristotle states that it is one of the greatest attainments one can achieve.
There are an estimated 578,424 homeless people sleeping on the streets in America on any given night (State of Homelessness). It seems to be a distant problem since most of us are not homeless, have never been homeless, or will ever be homeless. Yet the cold reality is that for many middle and lower class families they are all one paycheck away from homelessness. While my family is an upper middle class family in Idaho, we wouldn’t be able to continue to live in our house, or maintain the lifestyle we are used to if my father lost his job. Homelessness is not a far off nightmare, it is a reality that many people face or are trying to survive. In a well developed country such as America it is unacceptable that homelessness is still an issue. It is time to stop treating homeless people like they are a nuisance, and treat them as human beings who deserve the basic right of
Friendship is an interpersonal relationship between two people that is mutually productive and can be characterized by mutual positive regard. Friendship should enhance the potential of each person involved and should only be productive. You must like each other in order to call it a friendship, and
Friendship is the most wonderful relationship that anyone can have. Ideally a friend is a person who offers love and respect and will never leave or betray us. Friends can tell harsh truths when they must be told. There are four different types of friends: True friends, Convenient friends, Special interest friends, and historical friends. To have friendship is to have comfort. In times of crisis and depression, a friend is there to calm us and to help lift up our spirits.