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The American Civil War In the United States
Influenced the development of Machiavelli's political ideas
Ap us history chapter 16 the civil war
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Over the course of political history in the world, consequentialism, the idea that the morality of an action should be judged merely on its consequences, has always been present in the spans of empires, republics, and sovereigns. The Prince, a composition written by Niccolo Machiavelli detailing the structure and mechanisms of government, first proposed the concept of consequentialism in politics (Machiavelli). This idea is intrinsic to politicians in governments internationally- from the freest democratic republics to the extreme authoritarian regimes. Multitudes of critical and pivotal American events concerned this concept of the ends justifying the means. In the 19th century, the furnace of the Civil War was initiated and kindled by President Lincoln’s provocation of the Confederacy, ultimately leading to the gruesome and horrendous deaths of hundreds of thousands of Americans. Although the war seemed nefarious and costly, the eventual victor was the Union, and the country was reunited along with the passage and ratification of the 13th amendment. In this case, the deaths of numerous Americans are justified by the reunification of the United States and the abolition of slavery, and therefore, demonstrating the concept of consequentialism. Although this is an extreme instance of consequentialism, modern politics consistently exemplifies the theory in action. One of the most profound eras for politics was the Depression Era, where politicians engaged in all types of corruption as they take advantage of the economically depressed population to obtain power. Depression Era politician Huey Long of Louisiana was the epitome of these populist politicians. Using the common good as a justification for the rampant corruption that plagu...
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Machiavelli, Niccolo. “The Prince.” Constitution.org. Constitution.org, 4 Nov. 2013. Web. 8 Dec. 2013. .
Newport, Frank. “Congressional Approval Sinks to Record Low.” Gallup Politics. Gallup, 12 Nov. 2013. Web. 8 Dec. 2013. .
“Programs.” Huey Long. Long Legacy Project, 2010. Web. 8 Dec. 2013. .
TerBeek, Calvin. “’Swing’ voters are still partisan.” Chicago Turbine. N.p., 20 Nov. 2013. Web. 8 Dec. 2013. .
Warren, Robert Penn. All The King’s Men. New York: Harcourt Brace & Company, 1996. Print.
Lofgren, Mike. The Party Is Over: How Republicans Went Crazy, Democrats Became Useless, and the Middle Class Got Shafted. New York: Viking, 2012. Print
The American Civil War is one of the biggest turning points in American history. It marks a point of major separation in beliefs from the North and the South and yet somehow ends in a major unification that is now called the United States of America. It still to date remains the bloodiest war in American History. The book “This Republic of Suffering, death and the American Civil War” by Drew Gilpin Faust better explains the change in thought from the American people that developed from the unexpected mass loss in soldiers that devastated the American people. Throughout this review the reader will better understand the methods and theory of this book, the sources used, the main argument of the book, the major supporting arguments, and what the
Meyer, Michael. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. Ed. 8th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2008. 2189.
A diamond ain't a thing in the world but a piece of dirt that got
Up until the late 1800s, slavery was widely considered acceptable in America. This ethical issue was important because African Americans were forcibly held against their will in order to fulfill the hard labor duties that were demanded by their owner. Slaves had no say in whether their lives belong to themselves. There was no sense of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. African Americans were not even considered a full person. Although the slaves had families they had no control on whether or not they would stay together. Slaves were sold to different parts of the country in which sometimes they would never see their family members again. Although slavery was accepted, the northern part of America allowed African Americans to be free. This ultimately led to a bloody division between the North and the South. The south led a revolt to go to war against the north, specifically in order to keep their rights to allow slavery. Based on the principles of jus ad bellum, the south was not qualified to go to war in the first place. In order to go to war the state has to be minimally just and the south was not minimally just in doing so. Throughout this paper I will explain the six principles of the jus ad bellum and whether or not the south met any of those principles. I will also explain the south perspective within each of these principles, on why they believed it was right for them to go to war.
The South argued that protecting the integrity of “States’ Rights” served as the primary justification for the Civil War. However, the idea of states rights is rooted in greed – in the effort to maintain or grow economic power. “States Rights” is defined as rights...
Ellison, Ralph. "Battle Royal." Literature: an introduction to fiction, poetry, and drama. 9th ed and Interactive ed. Eds. X.J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. New York: Pearson Longman, 2005. 555-566.
Dick, Philip K. The Man in the High Castle. New York, New York: Vintage Books (Random House), 1990.
A longstanding debate in human history is what to do with power and what is the best way to rule. Who should have power, how should one rule, and what its purpose should government serve have always been questions at the fore in civilization, and more than once have sparked controversy and conflict. The essential elements of rule have placed the human need for order and structure against the human desire for freedom, and compromising between the two has never been easy. It is a question that is still considered and argued to this day. However, the argument has not rested solely with military powers or politicians, but philosophers as well. Two prominent voices in this debate are Plato and Machiavelli, both of whom had very different ideas of government's role in the lives of its people. For Plato, the essential service of government is to allow its citizens to live in their proper places and to do the things that they are best at. In short, Plato's government reinforces the need for order while giving the illusion of freedom. On the other hand, Machiavelli proposes that government's primary concern is to remain intact, thereby preserving stability for the people who live under it. The feature that both philosophers share is that they attempt to compromise between stability and freedom, and in the process admit that neither can be totally had.
Our current political system seems to be built around Machiavelli’s principles on how to obtain and gain political power. We must take into account that Machiavelli’s “Qualities of a Prince” associates more to government officials and those in political power instead of pertaining to the common people; he divides the concepts of political prosperity and morality. American politicians are encompassed with Machiavellianism, a “cynical disregard for morality and focus on self-interest and personal gain.” We allow this to occur for some particular psychological reason because we’ve become convinced that there is a differentiation between politicians lying to us and lying for us. According to Democratic strategist Jamal Simmons, “I think most presidential
2nd ed. of the book. New York: St. James Press, 1995. Literature Resource Center -. Web.
Wattenberg, Martin P. (1986). The decline of American political parties 1952-1984. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
Religion has found its place in literature throughout humanity as religion offers something for people of all classes and heritages to believe in. Humanity and politics have changed over time, but faith remains. The Bible and other religious texts have been the backbone to many successful novels. The novel All the King’s Men by Robert Penn Warren reveals the life of a fictional Governor to the American South during the 1930s. The novel focuses on the personal and political lives of Willie Stark and his right hand man, Jack Burden. Religious elements are apparent in their lives, as well as others in the novel. The novel All the King’s Men by Robert Penn Warren explores religious aspects in the political and personal lives of the main characters.
It is commonly believed by both lay people and political philosophers alike that an authoritative figure is good and just so long as he or she acts in accordance with various virtues. If the actions of a ruler are tailored toward the common good of the people rather than himself, then that ruler is worthy of occupying the status of authority. By acting in accordance with social and ethical norms, the ruler is deemed worthy of respect and authority. Niccolò Machiavelli challenges our moral intuitions about moral authority in his work, the Prince, by ruthlessly defending the actions made by the state in an effort to preserve power. In particular, all actions made by the state are done in order to preserve its power, and preserving the state’s power preservers its people. In doing so, whatever actions the state exercises are justified with this end goal in mind. Although such reasoning may seem radical, it is practice more readily that most people are inclined to believe. Machiavelli's moral philosophy is deeply embedded in the present day justice administration. Due to this, Machiavelli’s political thought can serve as a reference for illustrating how today’s administrators can benefit from following the examples of other great leaders, such as on matters of global warming.
Abrams, M.H., ed. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. 6th ed. Vol. 2. New York: Norton, 1993.