Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Impact of civil war
Impact of civil war
Ethnic cleansing in Rwanda
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Impact of civil war
The process of developing two post conflict societies (Afghanistan vs. Rwanda)
Introduction
Mainly most of the analyses are restricted to fragile states, those states that have been highly vulnerable to serious forms of internal aggression including civil wars.
There have been more than 220 armed conflicts all over the world from 1946 to 2001. In general it includes about more than 140 civil wars, causing the death of about 20 million people and displacing about 67 million (Panić, n.d.) . As a result of combine interstates the number is even higher today; internal wars are in countries such as Afghanistan, Iraq, Democratic Republic of Congo and Sudan. Because civil wars are not the only form of systematized violence and aggregation, the human costs of armed conflicts are better than data suggestion. Violence, organized crime, coup and even genocide has taken place in many countries such as Rwanda and Afghanistan.
Rwanda and Afghanistan are the two post conflict societies which have been struggling to be stabilized and peaceful so that they may go towards development. Both the countries have been through a huge unrest and war. After the wars have come to an end with the help of international community, both countries have got their constitution and established new governments. Though some people believe that the war in Afghanistan is ended, the situation shows that it is still not peaceful as different groups of insurgents, supported by the neighboring countries like Pakistan, Iran and Tajikistan, still operate terrorist activities in order to over through the government or at least destabilize the country. After the collapse of the Taliban regime, an undemocratic interim government was established with the promise that as...
... middle of paper ...
...ecord of corruption, where Afghanistan stands first. The reason why Rwanda has recovered very soon is the strict laws they had legislated about corruption and wrongdoing. The stricter the laws get the more people will try to stay on the right track. . . . . . . . . . . .
Works Cited
Anon., n.d. Afghanistan Govenment. [Online]
Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan
Anon., n.d. constituton of Afghanistan. [Online]
Available at: https://www.cimicweb.org/cmo/afg/Documents/Governance/Afghanistan_Corruption_Volume.pdf
Anon., n.d. Local government system in Rwanda. [Online]
Available at: https://law.wustl.edu/WUGSLR/CitationManual/countries/rwanda.pdf
Anon., n.d. local government system in Rwanda. [Online]
Available at: https://law.wustl.edu/WUGSLR/CitationManual/countries/rwanda.pdf
Panić, M., n.d. POST-CONFLICT COUNTRIES: AID EFFECTIVENESS.
The analysis of the genocides that took place both in Rwanda and Sudan’s Darfur region exhibit some similarities as well as differences. The character of violence was similar in both cases, but in Rwanda the violence was more intense, participatory, and extraordinary. The violence in these two places took place in an environment that had experienced civil wars. It was a period of political transition which was further aggravated by ethnic nationalism and a conflict of ethnic populations that were living in close proximity. However, in the Rwandan genocide, the state is more centralized, compact, and effective. This is what explains the intensity and variation. The international response to these genocides through observers emphasized on using the genocide label to create domestic constituencies especially in the Rwandan case.
“The Rwandan Genocide represents one of the worst human security failures, and the consequences still reverberate through the Great Lakes region of Africa nearly ten years later”, writes the Commission on Human Security in 2003. “Therefore, realizing human rights lies at the core of protecting and empowering people” (Bodelier, 2011). Canada's lack of response to the Rwandan Genocide was unfortunate, and it allowed for questioning of Canada's continued strength in peacekeeping operations, something Canada had been instrumental in creating merely 40 years prior. It is necessary to examine Canada's role within the international community's failure, to understand what external factors can still influence Canada's foreign policy, and to therefore
Some americans say that nations hinge on each other, while others say they also compete with one another. This gives rise to rivalry, which sometimes leads to war. Some wars emerge from differentiation in race, religion and culture. Due to the evolution of technology in an accelerated pace, highly sophisticated weapons are now available for use in wars. Wars also bring about widespread destruction, disrupt communication and hamper commerce. Thus, they cause heavy financial loss and great suffering to people. The effects of wars often affect countries that are not involved in the conflict. The threat of war can pressure a nation to waste immense amounts of money on defense instead of spending on developmental works like creating roads, hospitals, schools, and much more. War can halt a countries development. Some countries try to achieve political desires by using terrorism as a weapon against other countries. Terrorism spreads fear in civilians through acts of violence like killings and hostages. This intimidation has transformed into worldwide threat.
During the 1900’s two deadly wars were raging on, the civil war in Sierra Leone and the genocide in Rwanda. The civil war in Sierra Leone began in March 1991, while the genocide began in 1994. Combined these two wars killed upward of 1,050,000 people, and affected the lives of all the people that lived there. The conflicts in Sierra Leone and Rwanda occurred for different major reasons, but many little aspects were similar. Politics and Ethnicity were the two main conflicts, but despite the different moments rebellions and the murder of innocent people occurred in both places.
Africa has been an interesting location of conflicts. From the conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea to the revolutionary conflict in Libya and Egypt, one of the greatest conflicts is the Rwandan Genocide. The Rwandan Genocide included two tribes in Rwanda: Tutsis and Hutus. Upon revenge, the Hutus massacred many Tutsis and other Hutus that supported the Tutsis. This gruesome war lasted for a 100 days. Up to this date, there have been many devastating effects on Rwanda and the global community. In addition, many people have not had many acknowledgements for the genocide but from this genocide many lessons have been learned around the world.
"Recovery after the Rwandan Genocide. Ideas and Events Which Are Shaping Rwanda's History and Its People." Recovery after the Rwandan Genocide. Ideas and Events Which Are Shaping Rwanda's History and Its People. N.p., Dec.-Jan. 2014. Web. 09 Apr. 2014
The history of Rwanda is very interesting. Rwanda is located in East Africa, in East africa people were not treated as equal. Today eastern africa is way different from how it is now. Back int the 1996s the africans faced many problems. Some of the problems include how the Tutsi people were treated and also how the Hutu people. Genocide was a big problem in Rwanda.
Canada has played a vital role in international relations for the majority of its 144 year history since the signing of Confederation in 1867. Canada first participated in World War I, then World War II in 1939-1945. Following World War II, Canada was also involved in the Korean War. Canada has been primarily a peacekeeping nation. There are many questions people ask when a high income country goes to help a lower income nation such as Afghanistan. What are Canada’s motives for helping out Afghanistan? Who will benefit from Canada going to war in Afghanistan? These are some of the questions many people have. While Canada has many domestic problems of its own such as homelessness, poverty and increasing national debt, why should Canada get involved with a problem that is across the globe? Are the costs of going to war out weight the political benefits? Modernity, modernization theory and gender stratification are some key concepts that are related to Canada going to war in Afghanistan.
Furthermore, Weber also seems to assume a closed state system. As the world began to globalize more in the 20th century, interaction between States was simply unavoidable. For example, the spread of Communism during the Cold War began to blur the lines between Statehood and non-Statehood—some “States” held less power than separate parties within them (invading Communist powers). This discrepancy makes it difficult to distinguish who can be classified as a real State and who cannot, even decades before conflict arose in Syria.
Johnson, C. (2008). Partitioning to peace: Sovereignty, demography, and ethnic civil wars. International Security, 32(4), 140-170.
First, war is universal due to its violent nature, violence in its application knows no bounds, and it is the common factor that identifies the war and without it the war is nothing more than a diplomatic effort to reach the end. However, wars blow out only when the diplomacy fails. Violence is the war engine. Although the application of violence evolved through time and its severity varies according to communities, cultures, and the means and methods used. Demonstrating the violence through the application of force to subjugate the enemy is the central idea of war. “War is a clash between major interests,
Genocide, destruction, poor infrastructure, Rwanda a recovering country that cannot shed it’s bad reputation. Before Belgium colonized Rwanda there were Hutu’s and Twa’s, later on in the 1300’s the Tutsi’s migrated over. When these ethnic groups met they created a common culture and language, they were equals. However the ethnic divisions perpetuated by Belgium resulted in a Genocide that tarnished Rwanda’s global image. People can note that Belgiums reign created chaos and terror, in addition politic issues regarding government power and the treatment of it’s people shaped modern day Rwanda.
Afghanistan’s importance with respect to the cultural impact of globalization is increasing as the war in Afghanistan draws down. Afghanistan sits on the edge of the unknown. Once the United States leaves it will be left to create its own destiny. The eyes of the world will be on Afghanistan to see who it allies with, who it trades with and how it conducts itself.
In the past ten years the Afghan Government has been dealing with a number of issues that have caused problems for the country, problems such as illegal drug trade, terrorism and violence. But nowadays they are fighting a problem that has long existed between people, and quite recently has taken a whole new aspect to it. Ethnic conflict is the destructive factor that has caused problems between people for generations, often leading to fights, outbreak of violence and grudge between different ethnicities.
After decades of war in Afghanistan in late 2001, first attempts have already been made by Afghans and international organizations to consult the Afghan people on how to build capacities in pace-building which was an encouraging sign. However, the people in general are still too reluctant to speak about their suffering during the war. Instead, their current priority is to struggle for economic survival in the highly competitive post-conflict reconstruction business with its emerging social injustice. This pragmatic attitude causes a basic problem. If the past is not addressed, efforts to build a lasting peace are endangered. As lessons from other post-conflict societies have shown, national reconciliation contributes to overcoming the past and reuniting a war-divided society (Schirch, Rafiee, & Sakhi, 2013). There are several ways to bring about peace, stability and harmony in Afghanistan. This paper reviews some issues crucial for discussing and designing a strategy of national reconciliation. Moreover, for narrowing the gap between the rival perceptions there is also a need for an Afghan peace process to prepare the ground for peace-building and a future reconciliation process and implementation of an Afghan mechanism of national reconciliation including the ‘’lessons learned’’ from the post-conflict societies.