Parasite (s)
Introduction: A parasite is an organism which lives on/in a host organism and gets its food and makes its living at the host’s expense. Parasites can cause disease in humans and animals. Some parasitic diseases are easily treated while treating others is not that easy. In regard to the size, parasites range from one-celled microscopic organisms (protozoa) to quite large organisms which could be seen by naked eye (worms).
Mode of infection: The infection with parasitic diseases varies depending on the parasite itself and its life cycle. Hence, some infection occurs through drinking, coming in contact with polluted water, through eating carried by vectors, or through pets or wild animals.
Water-related parasitic diseases: This group
…show more content…
An obligate parasite depends entirely upon a host for its nourishment, reproduction, habitat, and survival, if a parasite cannot obtain a host, it will fail to reproduce. A facultative parasite is an organism that lives independent and does not rely on its host to continue its life-cycle.
Fish parasites
Depending on their location, parasites can be internal (endoparasites) or external (ectoparasites). Internal parasites such as philometrid nematode could be found in the ovary of blacktip grouper or the parasites that live within the gill bone (e.g. trichosomoidid nematodes of the genus Huffmanela). More internal parasites include intestine/muscle parasites such as tapeworms, round worms and flukes or under skin (fluke).
External parasites includes copepods that may attach to mouth or gills, anchor worm (Lernea) that buries anchor-shaped head into fish, eye fluke that cause popeye. Fish gills are also preferred habitat of many external parasites, attached to the gill but living out of it. The most common are monogeneans and certain groups of parasitic copepods and
…show more content…
Also, farming practices such as sampling, harvesting, crowding and others that may stress the fish and make them more susceptible to parasite infestations. Regarding the water quality, the main parameters may play an important role in the overall fitness of farmed fish and so may increase the susceptibility of fish to the diseases. For example, fish exposed to low dissolved oxygen or high ammonia are most likely to become more vulnerable to parasitic invasion while fish living under optimum conditions of water quality and are fed on high quality feed could tolerate and survive such
Giardia lamblia is a flagellated enteric protozoan parasite that is found in soil, food, and water (“Giardia lamblia” sec 1). This microorganism tends to live in the small intestines of humans. G. lamblia has two separate morphological stages. The first morphological stage is the trophozoite stage. In the trophozoite stage, this microorganism is shaped like a flattened pear. During this stage, the microbe is about ten to twelve micrometers long and about five to seven micrometers wide. Bilaterally the microbe is symmetrical and has two separate nuclei present. On the anterior side of the organism, there is a large sucking disk. This disk is the mechanism by which the parasite attaches to the mucosa of the host (“Morphology” par 1).
the definition of parasite, is something that hurts. for ever. this parasite, was a landmine. I had good medical attention. But once i returned home, I finally left. I wanted to leave. there were rockets, raining down in every place i looked. those rockets stole my family. we couldn't stay. so we fled. the last time i had a true education, was when i entered high school. between 2nd grade and 9th the education i had in my birth place, that wasn't any kind of education. i wanted more. and there was nothing there for me to want
Schistosomiasis is a parasite. This parasite is a worm that you get through contaminated water. Urine and feces usually contaminate the water. The worm goes in to your body and migrates to the bladder, rectum, liver, lungs, spleen, intestines and some veins. After the worm migrates to these places this is where it matures and lays its eggs. The disease has the ability to lay two thousand to three thousand eggs per day and can live for twenty years. There are five different kind of Schistosomiasis that effect humans, these different kinds are; S. mansoni, S. Heamatobium, S. japonicum, S. intercalatum and S. mekongi. There are also other kinds of Schistosomiasis that occasionally infect humans, there are; S. bovis, S. mathei, and some avian schistosomes.
Disease and parasitism play a pervasive role in all life. Many of these diseases start with microparasites, which are characterized by their ability to reproduce directly within an individual host. They are also characterized by their small size, short duration of infection, and the production of an immune response in infected and recovered individuals. Microparasites which damage hosts in the course of their association are recognized as pathogens. The level of the interaction and the extent of the resultant damage depends on both the virulence of the pathogen, as well as the host defenses. If the pathogen can overcome the host defenses, the host will be damaged and may not survive. If on the other hand the host defenses overcome the pathogen, the microparasite may fail to establish itself within the host and die.
rink blood there. Tapeworms are slightly divergent because instead of drinking blood from the intestines, they drink other fluids in each intestine. Each one of these worms can be treated by getting specific pills from the local vet. There is one other inside parasite that is a larger risk than the others, and that is the heartworm. Just like Mitral Valve Disease, heartworms clog the heart, and owners must get special pills as soon as possible.
Merriam-Webster defines ‘parasite’ as ‘an organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host 's expense’.
In Eric’s case this parasite was affecting his nervous system, if the parasite is near the brain it causes eosinophilic meningitis, which is what happened to him. When this occurs, the body produces basophils which are white blood cells and the body freaks out. Leads to inflammation in the brain and spinal cord. This causes huge amount of pain. Severe meningitis can be fatal or cause permanent damage. In Eric’s case he got lucky to be able to survive since he had waited a while before going to the hospital.
Worms. It's not something that most dog-owners want for their beloved pups; but unfortunately, it's something that happens all too often. Worms and other parasites aren't just disgusting to think about, they are also potentially dangerous. At the first suspicion—or sight—of worms, you should take action quickly, so that your family pet doesn't suffer from upset tummy, grumpy behavior, or death.
This disgusting worm parasite is spread by flies and mosquitoes. The adult worm spreads its larvae throughout the host’s lymphatic system and causes the lymph nodes to become clogged up. This also makes the tissue in the host’s body to swell up and create massive muscle deformations, otherwise known as elephantiasis. The elephantiasis mainly affects the legs and genitals. The disease also affects the eyes but that can be easily detected through close inspection but it commonly causes river blindness in the host. It’s been estimated that the parasite is one of the leading causes of blindness throughout the world.
Parasites and their Virulence Why do some parasites kill the host they depend upon while others coexist with their host? Two prime factors determine parasitic virulence: the manner in which the parasite is transmitted, and the evolutionary history of the parasite and its host. Parasites which have colonized a new host species tend to be more virulent than parasites which have coevolved with their hosts. Parasites which are transmitted horizontally tend to be more virulent than those transmitted vertically. It has been assumed that parasite-host interactions inevitably evolve toward lower virulence.
The primary areas of concerns entail not only local nutrient pollution into water systems, via waste feed, but feces, as well as, chemical pollution, with chemical and antibiotic treatments, and the spread of diseases via farm escapees to wild fish populations. According to Farmed and Dangerous.org (n.d.), salmon farming remains one of the most harmful aquaculture production systems. due to open net-cages maintained directly in the ocean, hence producing farm waste, chemicals, disease and parasites , which flow directly into the neighboring waters, harming other marine life, such as industry, as sea lions and seals. Furthermore, farmed
Many of the methods used in commercial fishing are very destructive to the aquatic systems. Industrial ocean trawlers scrape the bottom of the water, often dragging up the seafloor with them. This destroys the habitat and kills many of the bottom dwelling organisms that are vulnerable to these practices. There is also a large amount of marine animals that are unintentionally caught by the large nets. These animals are considered bycatch, having no value to fishermen and are usually killed. These large fishing vessels also add a significant amount of pollution to the water. Fishing vessels cause oil spills as well as discharging chemical elements and wastes into the water. The thousands of of trawlers that pass through Japanese waters create large quantities of water pollution that can devastate aquatic life by changing the chemical composition of the water and affecting all the organisms that inhabit these
one in which the host animal can live for a long enough time for the parasite to
A parasite is a creature that has a dependence on something else for existence or support without making a useful or adequate return.
Above all, these organisms encourage the growth of algae, which absorb dissolved oxygen in the water essential for the survival of fish populations. Occasionally, the decomposition of newly-submerged biomass and sediment further reduce the water's oxygen content. Water sources can literally choke to death as a result of increasing human activity, such as industry and agriculture giving rise to increased nutrient loading.