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Essays on indigenous knowledge
Essays on indigenous knowledge
Essays on indigenous knowledge
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Indigenous knowledge has contributed to countless improvements that exist today, especially fire management, allowing modern day civilizations to use the indigenous knowledge to improve the surrounding lands. Fire management is a method used by the Aboriginal people to care for the country. Using intentional burning management the Aboriginal peoples created artificial grasslands which not only encouraged wildlife into an area, however, transformed the land into a more preferred environment for hunting. The creation of grasslands through burning practices created more frequent, however, less intense bushfires that could be easily avoided by the aboriginal people. When European settlers arrived, the intentional burning became less common, resulting …show more content…
Woody plants, reptiles, birds, ants, and mammals are being surveyed at sites 26 long-term monitoring sites. Aboriginal people have been undertaking fire management for thousands of years to benefit the growth of crops, hunting, and much more. However, with the recent yet rapid colonization and eradication of aboriginal people from traditional lands has resulted in a large amount of decrease in fire management. Traditional Aboriginal burning was close to extinction in the 20th century, largely resulting in an emergence of uncontrolled rampaging fires. The uncontrolled fire, causing a negative impact on infrastructure meant Aboriginal methods were required to improve the burning of crops and …show more content…
Indigenous practices in terms of fire management were almost completely abolished at the arrival of European settlers due to concerns about damage to European infrastructure. However, due to the decline of Aboriginal practices fires (especially north) began to grow in size and danger, causing a significant increase in uncontrolled fires and greenhouse gas emissions. To solve these increasing problems Aboriginal people have been offered jobs as fire managers, managing the burning of fires in an attempt to decrease use of excessive resources and amounts of greenhouse gases that are emitted. Since the reintroduction of Indigenous knowledge, a significant positive trend has been portrayed in the effects of burning. Since considering the Aboriginal burning management methods around 500,000 tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions have been avoided in 2017. (Creative Spirits, 2017). There is a continuous increase in the amount in which indigenous knowledge is used to improve upon methods that are used today around the world. There is not only ecological benefit, however, there is also a cultural benefit to the aboriginal
Australia is currently the driest continent in the world and has a vast history of fire to prove it. Bushfires in the Adelaide Hills were first described and recorded in 1827, and have occurred at frequent intervals since that time. Fire weather can reach extremes in places such as Rudall River National Park in NW Western Australia. Temperatures are often above 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit), dew points can drop to —37 degrees Celsius, and the winds, uninhibited by trees, can reach speeds of 50-60 km/h (31-37 mph) at any given time in the year. The fuels there may appear to be completely dead, and gaps between plants may be a meter or more (Gill, 1995). In 1966 a massive fire at Brooyar, Queensland had flame heights of 20-25 meters (65-82 feet). In addition to being devastating, the fires are also very unpredictable. A bushfire in the Baulkham Hills in January of 1975 completely destroyed property and some homes, while leaving others untouched. Serious fires occur in the Dandenog Ranges at frequent intervals, and housing there has always been a difficult problem with fire control [3]. Fire has also been used for centuries as an important tool for land management (O’Neill, 1993).
Although fire is linked to human life, as it is essential for survival, not only its use for food, security and warmth, particularly in the extreme cold weather
Policies regarding the handling of wildland fires continue to change and evolve as new information is learned each fire season. Attitudes have changed between complete wildland fire suppression to no suppression at all. We now seem to have reached a balance between the two schools of thought and fall somewhere in the middle.
Fire played a very important role in the lives of the early Fond du Lac pioneers. It provided people with heat, light, and a means to cook. Almost every home in Fond du Lac had some sort of stove or fireplace. If a fire got out of control, that house and surrounding homes were in danger of burning down. As the town’s population grew larger and larger, the number of fire sources went up as well. The chances of a fire getting out of control were growing quickly. People soon began to fear the inevitable.
As people of the twenty-first century, we are all too familiar with the frequent occurrence of wildfires in our nation’s forests. Each year millions of acres of woodlands are destroyed in brutal scorches. It has been estimated that 190 million acres of rangelands in the United States are highly susceptible to catastrophic fires (www.doi.gov/initiatives/forest.html.). About a third of these high-risk forests are located in California (www.sfgate.com). These uncontrollable blazes not only consume our beautiful forests but also the wildlife, our homes and often the lives of those who fight the wildfires. The frequency of these devastating fires has been increasing over the years. In fact, in the years 2000 and 2002, it has been reported that the United States has faced its worst two years in fifty years for mass destruction fires (www.doi.gov/initiatives/forest.html.). The increased natural fuels buildup coupled with droughts have been a prevailing factor in contributing to our wildfires and unhealthy forests (www.blm.gov/nhp/news/releases/pages/2004/pr040303_forests.html). Due to the severity of these wildfires, several regulations and guidelines have been implemented to save our forests. In fact, the President himself has devised a plan in order to restore our forests and prevent further destruction of our woodlands.
Thousands upon thousands of acres are lost in forest fires every year. We always hear about the dramatic losses caused by forest fires and are often concerned by them. There are so many horrible effects from fires and most of them affect so many people. Studies have shown that out of all of the different methods to decrease fire damage, prescribed burns are the most affective. Many people would argue that they are not as affective because they cause so many health problems. Although that is a very important view and may seem valid, those health issues are not as extreme as one might think. People should look at the majority of the benefits form prescribed burns and they will see how affective and important they are. Prevention is the key to society these days and is definitely an important factor in saving lives. If more lives can be saved as well as land and wildlife, prescribed burns may be the better way to go about forest fires. Although, prescribed burns are better for the environment in order to prevent drastic forest fires, severe damage to timber and extreme death of wildlife; some people feel it affects the health of a firefighter too much and it causes too many long term effects.
Fire creates the ideal conditions of abundant light and open bare ground, allowing for the germination of new seed populations. The cover of native vegetation will be reduced, promoting the regeneration of the native plant community. Despite this, seeds may still persist in the soil for a number of years, thus, the season following a fire is an optimal time for herbicide control of populations. Seedling and resprouting adult Sharp Rush
Pruning of trees to remove dead and diseased branches was critical to the longevity of the trees. Those diseased branches may have infected the entire tree (“Why Prune a Tree”). We also helped prevent potential brush fires by removing the brush in the area surrounding the education center. From 2007-2011 in the United States, there were an estimated 334,200 fires. Forty-one percent were brush fires (Ahrens).
This Last year (2016) wildfire began southwest of Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada. It causes environmental damage at $8.9B. The Fort McMurray the wildfire destroyed approximately 2,400 homes and buildings. Similarly in India, forest fires have spotted in various places in uttarakhand. These fires, produces clouds of smoke, and set mainly in pine forests in the sub-Himalayan region. They estimated that 3,500 hectares (8,600 acres) of forest had been destroyed.
At the beginning of the book, Ralph and Piggy bring up the need to have a signal fire running at all times at the top of the mountain. When the group is civilized, the fire runs well. On the other hand, when the kids all get excited about the fire, “The heart of flame leapt nimbly across the gap between trees and then went swinging and flaring along the whole row of them. Beneath the capering boys a quarter of a mile square forest was savage with smoke and flame” (44). When they first set up the fire, they go wild, allowing it to go out of hand. Later, when they are more calm and civilized about the fire, it becomes a constant fire, never burning more than is needed to keep the fire going. However, at the end of the book, the group’s order is lost, and Jack’s savages are left with the responsibility of keeping the fire going, which they fail to do. By the end, Jack and his tribe completely transform into savages, and they now have the power of fire. They abuse that power by letting the fire go out. Now they have no signal fire, but they do use their power to create fire, to get Ralph out of the island’s forest, setting the entire island on fire. They obviously did not think this through like Ralph, who figures it out when he sees that “the fire was nearer; those volleying shots were great limbs, trunks, even, bursting. The fools! The fools! The fire must almost be at the fruit trees -- what would they eat
Have you ever thought about wildland fires? Maybe what caused them or how they can be prevented? In the forest service today fire is a big problem. Yes it is true fire can be good for the forest, all the under burden and dead trees is just fuel for a really big fire which is not good. So controlled burning is good for the forest, however these fires are becoming really expensive. Who do you think pays for the water, gas, and the people to put these fires out? The cost on fire suppression by the United States forest service was more than a billion dollars last year. There is always two sides to an issue. Simply don’t do anything and hope that big fires do not occur and destroy the forest, or you can manage it and slow it down. Either way you are spending money, Plans like selective logging and clearing underburden are slowing the issue and are managing it, however it still costs money. Especially when people’s home or life’s are in danger. By not doing anything, and just letting the forest grow and grow causes large fuel loadings, and proved to be more
Fire at any level can be devastating, yet the effects that wildfires have on every worldwide country really has left its mark on the land. As written by world renowned wild fire spokesperson Smokey the Bear, “Every year, wildfires sweeps through parts of the United States setting wilderness and homes ablaze. On average these raging infernos destroy about four to five million acres of land a year. But in 2012, wildfire burned more than 9.3 million acres, an area about the size of Massachusetts and Connecticut combined” (U.S. Wildfires). Destroying homes, crops, towns and of course forests. Yet the effects of these fires can be seen from a negative perspective as well as some positive. Plus there are natural causes as well as manmade that makes these destructive fires erupt and become almost unstoppable in seconds.
Indigenous Knowledge (IK) can be broadly defined as the knowledge and skills that an indigenous (local) community accumulates over generations of living in a particular environment. IK is unique to given cultures, localities and societies and is acquired through daily experience. It is embedded in community practices, institutions, relationships and rituals. Because IK is based on, and is deeply embedded in local experience and historic reality, it is therefore unique to that specific culture; it also plays an important role in defining the identity of the community. Similarly, since IK has developed over the centuries of experimentation on how to adapt to local conditions. That is Indigenous ways of knowing informs their ways of being. Accordingly IK is integrated and driven from multiple sources; traditional teachings, empirical observations and revelations handed down generations. Under IK, language, gestures and cultural codes are in harmony. Similarly, language, symbols and family structure are interrelated. For example, First Nation had a
Sustainable development is the capacity to maintain a resource, an outcome, or a process (Jenkins, 2013), and to it, Mervyn Claxton attempts to associate indigenous knowledge, which in turn is described as the processes used by indigenous people in contrast to modern ways of doing things. In Claxton’s (2010) lecture entitled ‘Indigenous Knowledge and Sustainable Development’, he notes that indigenous knowledge has been recognized as ‘the most effective method of promoting sustainable development.’ Indeed, decades of studies have been focused on how indigenous people proceed with their survival especially in the context of agriculture. Nevertheless, the big question is, is eco-indigenous knowledge, as Claxton calls it, indeed the most effective method to bolster sustainable development?
The Forest fire is occurring very frequently nowadays, reasons for it are a heavy increase in global warming and an increase in temperature.