Abiotic Factors In The Arctic Tundra Biome

The Arctic Tundra is the biome where the Polar bear, Ursus maritimus, or the sea bear live. The climate over there is in the Arctic and is Earth's coldest, where it is treeless and covered with piles of snow and ice for the whole year until summer when it brings wildflowers. On the top of the mountain it is colder, windy, and rainfall is scant.

The word Tundra comes from the Finnish word Tunturia which means treeless plain. There's no vegetation because of the extreme weather conditions. It is located near the north pole and it also covers a fifth of the earth's surface. If it's too cold not vegetation can grow because of the ice caps not melting, if it gets a little warmer than maybe roots can grow. The arctic tundra has two seasons winter and summer, but the sun only heats up the tundra to 3 degrees celsius to 12 degrees celsius. When the sun cannot rise the temperatures drop to very cold conditions around -70 degrees celsius while the average temperature is -28 degrees celsius. The rain levels in the tundra are 6 to 10 inches a year because most of it falls as snow instead. It is basically a very cold desert.

The abiotic factors can be physical, or nonliving which shape the ecosystem in the arctic tundra.

Abiotic factors of the arctic tundra are strong winds, little precipitation. Also very short summer days, instead there are very long and cold winters. There is poor soil and a permafrost which is a layer of permanently frozen subsoil. The biotic factors are that plants and mosses have to adapt to the long and cold winters, since the sun does not come up during winter. Also the wildlife animal that live there are Snowy owls, reindeer, white foxes, lemmings, arctic hares, wolverines, caribou, migrating birds, mosquitoes, black flies, and the chief predator the Polar

Bear.

The Polar Bear is the only bear known as a marine animal and is at the top of the food chain in the arctic, where they mostly feed off of seals. They are found across the arctic and hunt seals on platforms of ice. They evolved from the brown bear ancestors 350,000-6 million years ago, though unlike the brown bears cousins that live on land, the polar bear adapts for survival in the arctic seas. They are abundant in areas with sea ice and areas with very large seal population. There are five nations where polar bears are, U.S. alaska, Canada, Russia, Greenland(kingdom of denmark) and Norway(svalbard) except Antarctica, penguins live there.

The Polar Bear is the greatest land predator that lives in the arctic tundra which originated from their ancestors and have the incest fur which keeps them warm during the freezing storms during winter. The arctic tundra is amazing too because there's nothing but snow and wildlife that is extraordinary.