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Editing in movie making
Camera techniques in film
Definition and importance of editing in film production
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“What makes a movie a movie is the editing” - Zach Staenberg
The technique of establishing the rhythm and the emotion of characters in a film is the conceptual tenor of Editing. It is appraised as the final stage of filmmaking that is considered to be a hidden art, an under-appreciated art. The literal interpretation inside a script is perceived through assembling the story in rhythmic format itself is an aesthetic art that becomes invisible.
“Editor’s work is to be invisible” - Thelma Schoonmaker
It is a bizarre actuality that an invisible task gets inside the act of aesthetics. This exquisite art of invisibility started when the script had a range of continuity, implying actions moving from one sequence into another. In the olden days, director’s and cameramen foremost conviction of shooting a scene was not to lose an uninterruptedness flow, so that a sequence cannot lose its tenor. Consequently bringing that flow without any interrupting factors and furnishing the rhythm through ‘editing’ were considered to be the classical, nostalgic and vehemence.
"Unlike the stage play with its constant flow of action and dialogue from the same viewing position, this deliberate breaking down of sequences into punctuated camera angles created a new dimension of pictorial interpretation." - Walter
This methodology was deliberate, unhurried which created a prolonged version of scenes that took the viewers to recognise what is happening without making them to hypothesise. This recognition with the viewers made them not to analyse the cuts but to revolve with the sequence, that brought the tactical editing invisible which still is an aesthetic art of filmmaking.
“The editor needs to have a rigorous discipline, to know why you're doing t...
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...is modernised editing might become classical building a barrier by comparison. The perfect synonym of describing the process of film editing is, expression. Conveying the emotion and rhythm according to the script. Depicting the expression according to the script could not be on ease when compared to the placements of flash cuts and zooming pans. Quentin Tarantino films always had an unalike way of editing where it had chapters like in a storybook, though the film has diversified rhythm, it never failed to attempt in conveying the actual emotions. Scorsese movies had flash editing but it had a beautiful narration of the protagonist with voice-overs that brought the rhythm. Overall the concentration of editing is based on the expression and narrations. Documentary style of editing has narrative structure in editing room, which is how the modernised way should be.
In cinema, lighting, blocking and panning drastically influence what an audience will notice and take away from a scene. Orson Welles’s 1941 Citizen Kane has numerous examples of effectively using these aspects within mise-en-scène, cinematography and editing to portray the importance of specific events and items in the film. The scene where Kane writes and then publishes his “Declaration of Principles” (37:42-39:42) in the New York Daily Inquirer after buying them focuses on important elements of the film, aiding the audience by combining lighting, blocking and panning to define significant roles and objects that further the movie as a whole.
During the opening six minutes of Nicholas Roeg’s film Don’t Look Now, the viewer experiences a dynamic mixture of film techniques that form the first part of the narrative. Using metaphor and imagery, Roeg constructs a vivid and unique portrayal of his parallel storyline. The opening six minutes help set up a distinct stylistic premise. In contrast to a novel or play, the sequence in Don’t Look Now is only accessible through cinema because it allows the viewer to interact with the medium and follow along with the different camera angles. The cinematography and music also guide the viewer along, and help project the characters’ emotions onto the audience because they change frequently. The film techniques and choppy editing style used in Don’t Look Now convey a sense of control of the director over the audience and put us entirely at his mercy, because we have to experience time and space as he wants us to as opposed to in an entirely serial manner.
John Gibbs and Douglas Pye (2005) Style and meaning : studies in the detailed analysis of film. Engalnd: Manchester University Press, pp 42-52.
...successful collaboration of sound, colour, camera positioning and lighting are instrumental in portraying these themes. The techniques used heighten the suspense, drama and mood of each scene and enhance the film in order to convey to the spectator the intended messages.
Paul Morrissey has created an atypical piece of cinema in which we view a character’s banal existence through the focal point of a choppy and broken editing style. This clip takes the viewer by surprise as it does not follow the conventional norms that we as an audience are familiar with, such as smooth transitions, clean editing, and sound dubbing.
Ondaatje, M. (2004). The Conversations: Walter Murch and the Art of Editing Film. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Berliner, Todd and Cohen, Dale J. "The Illusion of Continuity: Active Perception and the Classical Editing System." Journal of Film and Video 63.1 (2011): 44-63. Project MUSE. Web. 14 Feb. 2011. .
Due to the film’s quality and interest it became an award winning film. The film had excellent sound effects such as the battle scenes. The image quality was also outstanding; it used many different angles to depict the actor to make you feel involved in the scenes. In the action scenes the most common viewpoint used was a close up shot which allows the audience to see and feel the intensity of the scene. The second viewpoint mostly used was a tracking shot due to the actors c...
The popularization of deep-focus cinematography in the 1940s brought about important changes to the style and framing of films. Coupled with this new technique was the expert use of sound by film director’s to create an artful combination of visual and audible cinematic space. In Howard Hawk’s His Girl Friday and Jean Renoir’s The Rules of the Game, both Hawks and Renoir utilize deep-focus cinematography, camera movement, and the rich layering of sounds to command visual and audible cinematic space, however, while Hawks utilizes these techniques to advance the narrative and character development within the film, Renoir wields them to serve artistic and thematic means. In His Girl Friday, Hawks allows the fast paced dialogue of the screwball
With the discovery of techniques such as continuous editing, multiple camera angles, montage editing, and more, silent filmmaking developed from simple minute-long films to some of the most beautiful, awe-inspiring films that have ever been created—in only a few decades. In Visions of Light, someone alluded that if the invention of sound had come along a mere ten years later, visual storytelling would be years ahead of what it is today. This statement rings true. When looking at the immense amount of progress that was made during the silent era of films, one must consider where the art of film has been, where it is, and where it is
Montage is from the beginning of the twenties characterized as a process of synthesis, building something new and in terms of the physical planes also something quite simple. Most montage’s films were created as a dialectical process, where initially from a two meanings of consecutive shots form a third meaning.
Sound is what brings movies to life, but, not many viewers really notice. A film can be shot with mediocre quality, but, can be intriguing if it has the most effective foley, sound effects, underscore, etc. Sound in movies band together and unfold the meaning of the scenes. When actors are speaking, the dialogue can bring emotion to the audience, or, it can be used as the ambient sound. Music is one of the main things to have when filmmaking. The use of Claudia Gorbman’s Seven Principles of Composition, Mixing and Editing in Classical Film gives audiences a perspective of sound, and, how it can have an impact on them.
Art has been always seen as a form to express self emotions and ideas; an artist creates an idea and shapes it by culturally known objects and forms to send encrypted message. Through the times both, ideas and materials used, separates art in to different periods and movements. In late 40’s and late 50’s two art and culture movements emerged, one from another. The first one, Lettrism, was under the aspiration to rewrite all human knowledge. From it another movement, Situationism, appeared. It was an anti-art movement which sought for Cultural Revolution. Both of these movements belong to wide and difficulty defined movement of experiment, a movement whose field is endless. Many different people create experimental films because of the variety of reasons. Some wishes to express their viewpoints which are unconventional. But most of them have an enthusiasm for medium itself. They yearn to explore what prospects the medium has and wishes to open new opportunities to create and to explore, as well as to educate. Experimental filmmaker, differently from mainstream filmmakers, wishes to step out from the orthodox notions. The overall appreciation is not the aim that the experimental filmmakers would seek for. Experimenters usually work on the film alone or with a small group, without the big budget. They intend to challenge the traditional ideas. And with intention to do so Lettrism tries to narrow the distance between the poetry and people’s lives, while Situationism tries to transform world into one that would exist in constant state of newness. Both of these avant-garde movements root from similar sources and have similar foundations. Nonetheless, they have different intentions for the art and culture world and these movements...
...udience would. He would try imagine what they were thinking, and then when he started to lose focus and have thoughts of other things, he would cut. In this way he was helping the audience how long they are going to think about a certain thing. Ideally the editing of a scene would go unnoticed as it flows smoothly. This is the skill of a talented editor. They’re are many more with equally impressive artworks. The editors perhaps have one of the most vital jobs to make a good film. However it is through the contribution of all members on set to help bring the quality to a performance.
The development of editing - Editing - actor, film, voice, cinema, scene, story. 2014. The development of editing - Editing - actor, film, voice, cinema, scene, story. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.filmreference.com/encyclopedia/Criticism-Ideology/Editing-THE-DEVELOPMENT-OF-EDITING.html#ixzz2sNiIEQqt. [Accessed 10 February 2014].