A Short History of the Basque Country

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A Short History of the Basque Country

Archaeological and ethnographic findings indicate that Basque [people]

evolved from Cro-Magnon [...] in this area over a period dating from

about 40,000 years ago until distinct features were acquired

approximately 7,000 years ago. Two thousand years later the sheep, not

native to these lands, was introduced and horse and cattle farming

came into being, as shown by Adolf Staffe. These circumstances made it

necessary for the people to travel periodically and cultural contacts

were thus made. This period in the history of the Basque people can

only make sense if it is studied in conjunction with the cultures of

the surrounding areas, in the basin of the River Ebro and the region

of Aquitaine.

Jose Miguel de Barandiaran states "This area is of particular

importance in Basque archaeology and linguistic history as it

coincides with the area of seasonal migration of flocks in search of

pastures in the Pyrenees and where Basque place names are found in

general." Luis Michelena reports that the Basque language has been

spoken by these peoples since around 6,000 B.C. Basque was spoken in

the whole of South Aquitaine and eastwards, to inside Catalonia

(proved by inscriptions and place names). From the sixth century B.C.

Indo-European culture wiped out all the pre-Indo-European languages

spoken in Europe up to that time, with the exception of the Basque

language. Serious cultural and political problems arose from the above

circumstances.

Thee first news of the Basque people comes to us through the ancient

geographers, in particular Pliny and Ptolemy. The "Journey of

Antoninus" mentions names that...

... middle of paper ...

...ral Council on 16th

June 1979, and changes in the councillorships came into effect. The

Referendum to approve the Statute of Autonomy for the Basque Country

took place on 25th October 1979. Garaikoetxea met Leizaola in the San

Mames Football Stadium (Atletico de Bilbao) on 15th December and the

elections for the Basque Parliament were held on 9th Marth 1980:

PNV:......207,400 votes - 40 %

HB:........85,000 votes - 16 %

PSOE:......74,700 votes - 14 %

EE:........40,300 votes - 8 %

UCD:.......34,700 votes - 8 %

AP:........29,900 votes - 6 %

PCE:.......24,900 votes - 5 %

EMK:........5,700 votes - 1 %

Thus, the new political map of the Basque Country (the ultimate goal

of this SHORT HISTORY) was established (excluding Navarre) in

democratic Spain, with Carlos Garaikoetxea as President.

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