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In 1962 an economic crisis spread over the entire nation when a major steel companies increased its prices dramatically. John F. Kennedy was in the presidency at the time and spoke to the nation regarding the urgent matter. In his speech John F. Kennedy used the rhetorical strategies of predicting, questioning, and establishing authority to achieve his purpose. As John F. Kennedy started the speech, he directed the attention onto the steel companies by predicting how the inflation of steel prices would leave the United States economy. He stressed on the fact that, “It would seriously handicap our efforts to prevent an inflationary spiral from eating up the pensions of our older citizens, and our new gains in purchasing power (line 27-31).” President Kennedy uses these predictions as tool to communicate to the steel companies the effect of inflation on the dynamic of American living and the efforts in war. With the inclusion of the war, he came across as sympathetic to the public and concerned about the …show more content…
welfare of the military, as well as their efforts in Vietnam. With the intention of catastrophizing the situation, he was able to gather the support of the public to establish a united force against the steel companies. President Kennedy used predicting as a way to draw more attention to the steel companies by catastrophizing the effect of inflation on the years following. With the nation blind to the cause of the incident, President Kennedy used logos as a way to express the single minded intentions the steel companies had.
He comments that, “when they could be exploring how more efficiently and better prices can be obtained, reducing the price in this industry… gigantic corporations have increased prices in ruthless disregard of their public responsibility (line 75-83).” President Kennedy expresses his confusion on the decisions made by the steel companies by presenting facts establishing that the steel companies unreasonably rose steel prices. President Kennedy uses this strategy as a way to put pressure on the steel companies actions. In addition, with the inclusion of a better plan to make steel companies more profitable without raise the prices, the steel companies motive come across as greed. With the relaying the facts to the nation, President Kennedy was able to expose the unjustifiable actions of the steel
companies. After the unpleasant information regarding the current stability of the nation's economy, President Kennedy’s last rhetorical strategy was to establish authority and comfort the nation in a time of crisis. President Kennedy’s reputation of “being the president who repeatedly called for stable prices and wages as part of a program of national sacrifice during a period of economic distress (from intro),” was being tested as he explained his plan to re-stabilize the economy. A effective stance President Kennedy took in front of the nation consisted of diminishing the steel company's reputation and inflicting blame. As a result, President Kennedy gained dominance over the crisis by directing the nation to a culprit while keeping a professional outlook. Although President Kennedy appealed to the public emotionally, the nation still needed a structured financial plan. Therefore, President Kennedy reached out to many departments of the government that had jurisdiction dealing with this crisis and spoke on their behalf. He was able to achieve his purpose of the speech by addressing the nation with the notion that the government was investigating the incident with urgency. President Kennedy’s rhetorical strategies were used as a way to achieve many goals he set out in his speech. He was able to sympathize with the public, question the steel companies motives, and most importantly outlining his plan of action. Even though the situation was not fixed, President Kennedy was able to comfort the public and bring shared understanding to the nation.
His use of an absolute and unwavering tone establishes an incompatibility between the interests of the public and the recent greedy actions of steel corporations. This creates an ‘us vs. them’ mentality, that Kennedy continuously emphasizes throughout his speech to further justify his opposition to steel companies as a defense for the “public interest.” After directly stating his opinion, Kennedy shifts his speech towards the current events of the time, citing the “grave crises in Berlin”, the Vietnam War, and the limitations on union members. This use of logic seeks to sway the audience to join his opposition to the 3.5 percent rise in steel prices.
He used a very selective vocabulary, purposely using emotionally charged words such as: “wholly unjustifiable and irresponsible defiance” (lines 4-5), “ruthless disregard” (line 82), and “restraint and sacrifice” (lines 14-15). By using words with strong connotation, he powers the emotions of his audience once again directing support for himself and appearing as the calm figurehead amongst the emotional chaos. He also makes his speech very personal by mentioning individual American families, literally using the phrase “every American family” (line 25). He appeals to the strong sense of patriotism in the American public by mentioning the four servicemen who died in Vietnam. Despite the fact that they are almost completely unrelated to the rise in steel prices and, if they were alive, would be unaffected by the rise in price, either. And yet, Kennedy mentions the servicemen to make the situation appear that much more dire. By mentioning the tragic deaths of these men, Kennedy aims to trigger a strong emotional response in his audience that would turn into support for
In 1964, the United States was still recovering from a recession when the steel companies decided to raise the price of steel by 3.5 percent. President John F. Kennedy held a press conference to discuss the issue of steel prices. In his speech, John F. Kennedy attempts to reverse the public support for the steel companies by casting them as unpatriotic and greedy to make them look bad.
Kennedy, in his speech appeals mostly to logos by using hards facts and statistics. For example, in line 20 he explains how the inflation of steel is affecting “185 million Americans”. He continues using logos throughout his speech when he introduces Sect of Defense McNamara and tells the American people the steel inflation would an “estimated one billion dollars to cost of defenses, at a time when every dollar is needed for national security”. However, this is also an
During the early 1960’s, the United States was emerging from a recession. Many people were struggling, but some big businesses were taking advantage of the economic distress. On April 11th, 1962, President John F. Kennedy held a news conference to talk about such big businesses, namely, steel companies. President Kennedy criticized these companies for increasing the price of steel by 3.5 percent. By appealing compellingly to logos, effectively to pathos, and rivetingly to ethos, President John F. Kennedy argues that the price increase of steel during the hard times by large companies has been a blatant disregard for their public responsibilities during an emerging recession.
It was on January 20th 1961 that John F Kennedy gave his inaugural address after winning the presidential race and beating future president Richard Nixon. President, John F Kennedy in his speech, The Inaugural Address, he describes his plans for growth in America. Kennedy’s purpose is unite the people of the U.S. and bring everyone together for the good cause of promoting growth in the country. He creates a very inspirational tone in order to establish a connection with the U.S. people. In his speech Kennedy really used several rhetorical strategies of persuasion to motivate and persuade the U.S. people that they made the right choice in choosing him.
John F Kennedy delivered one of the finest speeches on January 20, 1961 after being sworn into office. His inauguration speech was so powerful that it captured the entire nations attention, and quotes from it are still remembered by people today. It is one of the finest speeches ever written. It provides a strong appeal to pathos, ethos and logos, and it is because of this that people who never heard the speech can quote lines from it.
1962 in America brought the emergence from a recession. During this time of economic worries in America, steel companies raised their prices of steel despite the President stressing how important stable prices and wages were. This brought out a powerful response from President John F. Kennedy, which resulted in him making a speech. He gave this speech to the nation on April 11, 1962, making his feelings heard loud and clear. Kennedy used this speech to raise anger in Americans by showing how the steel companies were only trying to help themselves. He also used this as a platform to make the steel companies feel guilty for their actions and urge them to stop, and to lower the prices. Kennedy uses the three appeals, strong diction and syntax,
(Kennedy). Kennedy’s usage of “we” rather than “I” gives the audience a sense that they exist as part of something big, perhaps a family, while portraying Kennedy as a people’s president who desires to be a “person in the crowd.” Throughout his address, Kennedy establishes pathos mainly by appealing to American patriotism, a significant concept during the Cold War period in which Americans needed a jingoistic spirit to succeed. By reminding his audience of their forefathers and instigating parallels between “the first revolution” and the present generation, “born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage,” the president grasps the attention of the audience. He even stresses the value of liberty and this generation’s dedication to the survival of that value to rouse this patriotic spirit.... ...
Though Kennedy and Clinton addressed their audiences nearly thirty-two years apart, each rhetor faced a common rhetorical barrier – an American populace too heavily focused on the personalities within each respective presidential election rather than the true issues confronting the United States. To overcome that barrier, both Kennedy and Clinton utilize definitional strategies – in the form of association – as well as language strategies –specifically, historical allusions. Whether or not the speeches directly correlate with both candidates winning their presidential elections does not concern the examination; this paper observes how exactly the rhetorical devices used served to dissolve the barriers between the rhetor and the intended audience.
In focusing on the National economy and ending the recession, Kennedy accomplished a meek increase to the minimum wages for workers, during his presidency. But, he lost the confidence of business leaders in 1962, by seeking to rollback what the administration regarded as excessive price increases within the steel trade. Although, he succeeded in his direct objective, this did not come without a price. President Kennedy ultimately, alienated an important source of support by later calling for a large tax cut to grant capital to large corporations, meant for stimulating the economy (Hoagland, 2008).
John F. Kennedy’s inaugural address is a puissant speech that conveys a mighty theme. The steady use of fervent dialect stimulates in the crowd a sense of esteem and obligation, which makes the speech even more impressive. The structure of the diction enhances the ability for all people of the audience to connect. Beginning with an intimate remark and closing with a broad regard, marks the address as both authentic and propelling. Nevertheless, what is most effective is Kennedy’s skill to access the atmosphere of the crowd and examine the circumstances of the juncture that is primarily the cause for the prosperity of this distinguished
So what was going on leading up to John F. Kennedy’s famous speech? After war world II and when America used nukes, everyone in the world was trying to gain nuclear capabilities so they could become a world power. So with everyone having nukes, there was a giant fear that “Dooms Day” was coming and the Earth would be destroyed. In 1957 the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first man made satellite. This scarred Americans to death because they had no idea what they were dealing with. Is this satellite spying on them 24/7 or was it preparing to launch missiles at the USA? The fact of not knowing is what scarred the citizens of the United States. So with the 1960 election coming around and communism seeming to be getting stronger every day, America needed a strong leader.
We have all heard this joke. Only now the horse has been replaced with consumers of steel in the US steel industry. Why? Many companies in our economy that use steel as an input to produce their goods are staggering due to recent extraordinarily high steel prices. President Bush dropped a tariff on imported steel on Thursday March 4th; according to basic economics, this cancellation of the steel import tariff should have dropped the price for US domestic consumers. Unfortunately though, that hasn't happened. Steel prices are currently at record highs and many forecast even higher prices to come. This puts huge pressure on small businesses that are dependent on steel for their well being. With higher prices threatening these business owners’ profits and future sales all, including the very large companies, are looking for any break in the high priced storm that seems to be closing in on the future of the steel industry. While many companies are sending out fair warning that consumers can expect higher prices in the car, furniture, and construction industries, many look for ways to cut costs and layoffs have been mentioned. Could this have been avoided? Many look to the recent lifting of tariffs imposed on steel imports as a possible culprit. Although the lifting of the tariff has affected the market, it is unlikely that the lifting correlates with the recent spike in steel prices. With the United Steel Workers of America screaming that the dropped import tariffs are, "clear evidence of capitulating to European blackmail and a sorry betrayal of American steelworkers and their communities," (Crutsinger 1) and representatives in congress showing much disgust at the presidents lack of respect and compassion for o...
American corporations continued to strive economically with no one else in their lane. They realized that they could make major profit off of steel since it was well needed. JFK explains that the “ profit rate .. can be expected to rise sharply this year in reduction in idle capacity.” JFK used logos to vividly explain the expected profit of the steel industry and to raise questions to why the price was increased in a time of