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The portrayal of death in literature throughout the years
The ways in which artists, poets and novelists portray death and dying
The portrayal of death in literature throughout the years
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Literature offers insight on different interpretations of how death can be perceived depending on the environment one is raised in. Perceptions of death depend on where and when you grow up, and your social standing in society. This is conveyed in literature by not only by the time period of the piece of literature, but from the point of view of the reader. Literature reveals different types of scenarios in which death is perceived differently, including questions of racism, sexism, and other forms of discrimination. The literatures A Lesson Before Dying, Let the Great World Spin, and A Spool of Blue Thread dialogue with each other by all involving death and the way the people and their environment react. The valuability of the sources depend …show more content…
Grant, as well as Jefferson, is “misplaced” in society due to his lack of religion. “it look like the lord just work for wite folks cause ever sens i wasn nothin but a litle boy i been on my on haulin water to the fiel on that ol water cart wit all them dime bukets an that dipper just hittin an old dorthy just trottin and trottin an me up their hittin her wit that rope...” (Gaines 227). In this quote, Gaines reiterates a few of Grant's complaints about religion. Be that as it may, Jefferson's dialect and constrained capacity to think fundamentally loan the complaint strength. Both men discover Christianity problematic on account of the profoundly uncalled for conditions to which African-Americans are subjected by white people. Though slavery had been abolished for years, slavery truly never died. "We black men have failed to protect our women since the time of slavery. We stay here in the South and are broken, or we run away and leave them alone to look after the children and themselves." (Gaines 21.86) This statement made by Grant demonstrates the profound impacts that the historical backdrop of bondage can have on family structures and sexual orientation connections for a whole race. Despite the fact that slavery had finished nearly a hundred years prior, its legacy still limits opportunities for black men in the South. A Lesson Before Dying depicts a supremacist society in 1940s Louisiana. …show more content…
When Celie left her husband, that she was forced to marry, he said, "Your black, your poor, your ugly, your a women, you cant do anything at all." Celie, as well as Grant, Jefferson, and others in each novel, are victims of racism and live with the struggle and pain of a lack of equal opportunity each day. Miss Emma is unable to turn Jefferson into a man herself, considering she is a black woman and it is not her place in society. "[. . . B]ut what she wants to hear first is that he did not crawl to that white man, that he stood at that last moment and walked. Because if he did not, she knows that she will never get another chance to see a black man stand for her." (Gaines 21.86) Miss Emma's yearning is constrained by her environment and her race. She never at any point longs for a method for liberating or safeguarding Jefferson from the electric chair considering it is entirely outside of her control as a black woman living in a racist society. Rather, she just trusts that he will by one means or another be saved from the prejudice that has restricted his own origination of himself. Everyone has a hero, though it may take time to figure out who yours is. Grant is Jefferson’s hero, as he saves him by turning him into a man so he may die with pride.“A hero does for others. He would do anything for people he loves, because he knows it would make their
Grant Wiggins from A Lesson Before Dying by Ernest J. Gaines and Dee Johnson from Everyday Use by Alice Walker are two similar individuals who both steer away from their families’ traditional way of life, but are different in some aspects. Both characters are unique due to their personality, their education, and their appearance. Dee is a college student in rural Georgia who comes back to visit her mother and sister with her new boyfriend. Dee contradicts herself in trying to reclaim her heritage, but actually steers away from it. Grant is a plantation teacher who is recruited by Ms. Emma to help Jefferson die like a man. He feels that cannot help his family with their present issue because he is not a man himself, therefore he tries to detach himself from the problem.
Ernest Gaines was born during the middle of the Great Depression on January 15, 1933. He was the oldest of twelve children. At the age of nine Gaines worked as an errand boy on the River Lake Plantation, the same plantation his book A Lesson Before Dying was set in. Gaines was raised by his Aunt Augusteen Jefferson, much like Grant, the protagonist in the novel, was raised by his Aunt Tante Lou. At the age of fifteen Gaines rejoined his immediate family in Vallejo, California because there were no high schools for him to attend in Louisiana. Gaines also wanted to enter a public library which was illegal for people of color to use. At this time in U.S. History, books about colored people were scarce and so Gaines decided to try and write his own novel. The desire to write led him to San Francisco State and Stanford University where he took creative writing courses. His first book, Catherine Carmier, was published in 1964. He finished his most famous novel, The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman, in 1971. The success of The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman prompted Gaines to write more about the black communities of southern Louisiana. The most successful book dealing with the colored people of southern Louisiana, A Lesson Before Dying, was penned in 1993 (“About Ernest Gaines” 1).
The author of the article “A Call to Service in Ernest Gaines’ A Lesson Before Dying” is Beatrice McKinsey. In McKinsey’s introduction, she stated her thesis statement: “whatever one’s social class, race, or education maybe, we have a purpose or a call to service. Ernest Gaines uses the main characters, Grant and Jefferson, to demonstrate how men can achieve manliness through service” (McKinsey 77). By stating this thesis statement, McKinsey shows her audience that she will be discussing the main characters, as well as their journey to becoming manly. Overall, this is seen as the purpose for her article.
African-American life in pre-Civil War America and life in pre-African-American Civil Rights Movement have many comparisons and also many differences. Some comparisons are the ideas of racism and segregation and some of the differences include the education during these two times and freedoms. These comparisons and differences are related to the novels Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass which is written by himself and A Lesson Before Dying written by Ernest Gaines. These two texts will compare and contrast how life was being an African American during these different periods of time.
Grant and Jefferson are on a journey. Though they have vastly different educational backgrounds, their commonality of being black men who have lost hope brings them together in the search for the meaning of their lives. In the 1940’s small Cajun town of Bayonne, Louisiana, blacks may have legally been emancipated, but they were still enslaved by the antebellum myth of the place of black people in society. Customs established during the years of slavery negated the laws meant to give black people equal rights and the chains of tradition prevailed leaving both Grant and Jefferson trapped in mental slavery in their communities.
While Grant taught Jefferson to feel like a man, Jefferson gave Grant hope as well, both in black men and Jefferson himself. Grant didn't even go to Jefferson's trial at the beginning of the book because he knew that Jefferson will be convicted, despite being innocent. Grant told himself, "I did not go to the trial, I did not want to hear the verdict, because I knew what it would be" (3). As time passed and the two grew closer through Grant's trips to the jail, both of them learned. Jefferson learned self-respect and self-worth, and that he could have an impact on the black community. Grant learned to put his trust in Jefferson because he would follow through. Grant came to understand that death isn't the end for Jefferson, and that his memory and impact would carry on long after his death. He even told Jefferson this at the end, saying, "You have the chance of being bigger than anyone who has ever lived on this plantation or come from this little town" (193). Grant accepted his death better this way, knowing that he helped Jefferson to make a difference in the lives of the people he interacted
In the novel A Lesson Before Dying, Grant and Jefferson are black men in the era of a racist society; but they have struggles with a greater dilemma, obligation and commitment. They have obligations to their families and to the town they are part of. They lived in a town were everybody knew everybody else and took care of each other. "Living and teaching on a plantation, you got to know the occupants of every house, and you knew who was home and who was not.... I could look at the smoke rising from each chimney or I could look at the rusted tin roof of each house, and I could tell the lives that went on in each one of them." [pp. 37-38] Just by Grant’s words you can tell that that is a community that is very devoted to each other.
Life is a constant test, and it is up to you whether you find the answers and learn from your choices. The lesson that is most important to learn before you die is to never give up on yourself or others and to fight for yourself throughout tough times. In Ernest J. Gaines’ novel “A Lesson Before Dying” this important lesson is expressed through the characters of Grant, Miss Emma, and Jefferson.
Vancil narrates that Wiggins is “immersed in his own concerns and relates to his community from a perspective of superiority, a superiority as much bestowed as felt.”(489) Grant does not conduct his reasoning and underlying mentality as a higher status than all of the other community members in every illicit situation. It is not wrong to possess pride and matured culture for being a recipient of a fine education for a young Black man residing in Louisiana. He simply wants more than what a contained, prejudice society can offer him or his counterparts. His beliefs are further justified when Jefferson is convicted and sentenced to death for a murder not capable by an innocent man. Grant boasts out that Jefferson was educated in the community’s school system but the power of the finer ...
Firstly, Jefferson is an example of a person who never gave up. He is young black man that is sent to jail under the false charges of murdering. During the court session, he was referred to as a hog. This made him believe that the word “hog” defines him as a person. However, after a few long talks with Grant Wiggins he started to stand up for himself as a proud black person. We begin to see this happen when Jefferson did not refer
First, social justice is a terms of the distribution of advantages and disadvantages within a society, opportunities, and support by the wealth. Jefferson family was very simple living style because they were not rich that much. According to the A Lesson before Dying “You go’n see Mr. Henri with me and Emma, there” (Gainess 14). Grant was keep saying to Miss Emma that he cannot help in this situation. Mr. Henri is an owner of the plantation and Miss Emma and Tante Lou were working at Mr. Henri house as cook and housekeeper. “I can’t change what has been handed down by the court” (Pichot 20). Grant and Miss Emma went to Mr. Henri to talk about Jefferson situation if he can do something about it; however, Mr. Henri said I will do something then,
Gaines creates a great imbalance of power between Jefferson, Grant and Sheriff Guidry. The power imbalance between these three influences the theme of “A Lesson Before Dying”. The theme of this book is to defy labels and judgement. Sheriff Guidry has ultimate power over both men simply because he is an authoritative figure. Guidry thinks that Jefferson should die the way he is: animalistic and naive. When Jefferson and Grant shed their metaphorical skins of the conflicted teacher and dumb criminal, Guidry worries that the power has shifted. The two men began denying the labels society has stuck on them, and they were conspiring to make a change.” You’re a human being Jefferson, you’re a man.” (Gaines 83). This quote suggests that Jefferson
In A Lesson Before Dying, a novel by Ernest J. Gaines, you can see how the characters grow, you can find some cultural aspects (especially religion) and how it played a huge role in the novel. Grant Wiggins, the protagonist, is a young black man who works as a teacher in Bayonne, a small town in Louisiana. One day the news of a man named Jefferson who was convicted of murder quickly spread around town. Although he was innocent, half the town knew that he was a dead man, but what bothered Jefferson’s godmother, Miss Emma, the most was when his lawyer said he was a poor fool and nothing more than a hog. Miss Emma wanted to help him die as a man not as a hog and to achieve that she seeked Grant for help since he was a teacher. Once he heard about her need, Grant didn’t want to help especially since he didn’t want to get involved in Jefferson’s case. With a little bit of pressure from his aunt Tante Lou, he finally agreed to help. The three of them, including a pastor named Reverend Ambrose, go and
The concept of human mortality and how it is dealt with is dependent upon one’s society or culture. For it is the society that has great impact on the individual’s beliefs. Hence, it is also possible for other cultures to influence the people of a different culture on such comprehensions. The primary and traditional way men and women have made dying a less depressing and disturbing idea is though religion. Various religions offer the comforting conception of death as a begining for another life or perhaps a continuation for the former.
The “rituals” of death within literature can be seen as based upon the protagonist. Usually the deaths of those surrounding the protagonist, will ironically suffer the same fate. Whether from Beowulf, or from William Shakespeare’s well-known plays Hamlet, and Macbeth, there stands a ritualistic “connection” between these literary works. These literary works possess the acts of dying a purposeful, heroic death as well as heinous suicides. These deaths are ritualized differently on the basis of religious beliefs—influenced by the year written—as well as the overall “goodness” of the departed.