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Portrayal of women in literature
Portrayal of women in literature
Definition of trifles by susan glaspell
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Although countless of story written by numerous authors through out the centuries, they all however have something in common and that is their uses of setting. No matter what kinds of stories are composed, the unique practice of setting builds diverse kinds the moods, the surrounding environment, the characters’ understanding, etc. turn story into lifelike experience. Furthermore, in order to enhance the realism, the author must pay an incredible amount of attention to details and turning words into pictures to deliver that authentic experience. These two short stories “The Chrysanthemums” by John Steinbeck and “A Jury of Her Peers” by Susan Glaspell carry out the use of setting to symbolize and accentuate qualities of the characters. The …show more content…
setting in “The Chrysanthemums” by John Steinbeck used as a symbolic gesture to emphasize the protagonist, Elise Allen, emotional life. Exactly from the beginning of the story, the descriptions of the Salinas Valley already created a hopeless trapped atmosphere. “ On every side it sat like a lid on the mountains and made of great valley closed pot.” (John Steinbeck, pg. 358) This portrayal of the valley can be interpreted as Elise trapped feeling, a passionate person who is unable to act out her desires. Additionally, from the observations of The Columbia companion to the twentieth-century American short story on John Steinbeck, also recognize his stunning way of describing the opening for The Chrysanthemums. “The story opens, typically for Steinbeck, with the evocation of a symbolic landscape: ‘The high grey-flannel fog of winter closed off the Salinas Valley from the sky and from all the rest of the world.’ Thus, the claustrophobic world of Elisa Allen is signaled by the oppressive weather.” Moreover, the comparison of sunshine lacking in Salinas Valley to the bathed with cold pale sunshine foothill ranches across the Salinas River, this also revel Elisa unhappiness even though the people around her is happy. Not only can the setting of a story be told to made a symbolic statement, the details of each situation, or location enhance a character’s qualities.
The setting in the story “A Jury by Her Peers” by Susan Glaspell illustrated the scene of the crime help Mrs. Peters and Mrs. Hale to be able to figured out the life of Mrs. Wright and why she murdered her husband. Mrs. Wight’s motive and her despair was led not only by her unhappy marriage but also her lonesome and empty life, similar to their house and its laid out painted a picture of nothing but of isolation. For example: “It looked very lonesome this cold March morning. It had always been a lonesome-looking place.” (Susan Glaspell, pg. 202) The story also took place during the time that highlight the inequality between sexes, and how domestic or household works are unimportance to the male dominated society. Which can be vaguely seen through Mrs. Hale narration of the place and her conclusion about Mrs. Wright abusive relationship with her husband that led to the murder. The focus of the place, circumstances and time influences the characters’ development and transformation. Such as how Mrs. Hale compared Mrs. Wright’s past to her life after the marriage to John Wright, or how she was a cheerful girl but the life in their house has turned her into a secluded person. “A Jury of Her Peers’: The Importance of Trifles by Karen Alkalay-Gut talks about Mrs. Hale discovery about the out of pattern description of Mrs. Wright’s the kitchen led to her understanding of the woman working in it. As she later sympathize with Mrs. Wright and concealed the murder
evident. Thus, by examined both “The Chrysanthemums” by John Steinbeck and “A Jury of Her Peers” by Susan Glaspell, it can be implied how importance the setting is for these short stories. The development of each setting creates undeniable realism in fiction literature that bonds the readers to the characters. Steinbeck’s usage of symbolic for setting and Glaspell’s construction of her story to accentuate the characters’ quality emphasizes the uniqueness and purposes to their characters. No matter what kind of story it is, the setting will always influence the way readers perceives the characters.
Susan Glaspell was an American playwright, novelist, journalist, and actress. She married in 1903 to a novelist, poet, and playwright George Cram Cook. In 1915 with other actors, writers, and artists they founded Provincetown Players a group that had six seasons in New York City between 1916-1923. She is known to have composed nine novels, fifteen plays, over fifty short stories, and one biography. She was a pioneering feminist writer and America’s first import and modern female playwright. She wrote the one act play “Trifles” for the Provincetown Players was later adapted into the short shorty “A Jury of Her Peers” in 1917. A comparison in Susan Glaspell’s “Trifles” and “A Jury of Her Peers” changes the titles, unfinished worked, and
A story of murder, fear, and the temptation of betrayal is one that easily snatches up the attention of audiences. In “A Jury of Her Peers” by Susan Glaspell, the author uses her southern female characters to emphasize the direct relationship between friendship and connection. Her plot circles around the disastrous discovery of their fellow housewife’s marital murder, and the events that unfolded causing their ultimate decision in prosecuting or shielding her from the men in the story. The author implements revealing dialogue with subtle detailing and glaring symbolism to display the coveted friendships among women above other relationships and that the paths they take to secure them stem from inveterate personal connections.
In A Jury of Peers by Susan Glaspell, the story revolves around the sudden death of John Wright. There are five characters that participate in the investigation of this tragedy. Their job is to find a clue to the motive that will link Mrs. Wright, the primary suspect, to the murder. Ironically, the ladies, whose duties did not include solving the mystery, were the ones who found the clue to the motive. Even more ironic, Mrs. Hale, whose presence is solely in favor of keeping the sheriff s wife company, could be contributed the most to her secret discovery. In this short story, Mrs. Hale s character plays a significant role to Mrs. Wright s nemesis in that she has slight feelings of accountability and also her discovery of the clue to the motive.
Symbolism is a literary device in which words, phrases or actions allude to something more than their literal meanings. In the short story “A Jury of Her Peers”, a major example of symbolism is the quilt. The quilt is perhaps the biggest example because it can be tied to many other examples of symbolism within the story, and can also be interpreted in different ways.
The central theme in “A Jury of Her Peers” is the place of women in society and especially the isolation this results in. We see this through the character, Minnie Foster and her isolation from love, happiness, companionship and from society as a whole. Not only does the story describe this isolation but it allows the reader to feel the impact of this isolation and recognize the tragedy of the situation.
Setting in all types of literature is a basic element that at a foundational level provides the reader with an atmosphere and physical place to position the characters. The setting in any dramatic work is an especially vital element since gives the players somewhere to bring to life the playwrights work. Furthermore, “The settings [the playwrights] describe are symbols that give the plays their meaning” (Barnet, Cain 210). Even a bare stage will contribute to the symbolism and theme presented on the stage. Every play ever written has been assigned a setting and each and every one has made an impact on the writing style, topics, and theme encompassed in the play.
The Sheriff, Attorney, and neighbour Mr. Hale look for evidence while the women Mrs. Peters and Hale are left to their own devices in the kitchen. Condescendingly, the men mock the women’s concerns over Mrs. Wright’s stored preserves, its stated: “Well, women are used to worrying over trifles.” (Hale, act 1) It’s inferred that women- who care only of trifles, something of little or no importance, must be trifles themselves. Ironically, these said trifles: the quilt, preserves, a little bird- which will be discussed later, are what solves this mystery. A major concern expressed by all the characters is motive; why would Mrs. Wright kill her husband? While discussing the marriage and disposition of the victim, its stated: “Yes--good; he didn't drink, and kept his word as well as most, I guess, and paid his debts. But he was a hard man, Mrs. Peters. Just to pass the time of day with him. (Shivers.) Like a raw wind that gets to the bone.” (Mrs. Hale, act 1) Abuses, which have been hinted at all throughout the play are finally spoken of in these lines. Audiences find, that Mrs. Wright- “real sweet and pretty, but kind of timid” - would murder her
Steinbeck, John. “The Chrysanthemums”. Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry, Drama. 2nd ed. Ed. Robert DiYanni. New York: McGraw, 2008. 459-466. Print.
Mr. Hale found his neighbor, John Wright, strangled upstairs in the Wrights’ house with Minnie Wright, John’s wife, sitting calmly downstairs. With John Wright dead and his wife in jail, Mr. Hale, the sheriff, their wives, and the county attorney all crowded into the Wright’s house to try to find clues about the murder. While the men go upstairs, they leave the women downstairs “.worrying over trifles.” (“A Jury of Her Peers” 264) Unbeknownst to the men, Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters find clue after clue that would convict Minnie Wright of the murder. Instead of telling the men about the clues, the women hide the clues and the men have no idea what the women have found.
Steinbeck, John. “The Chrysanthemums” Literature: An Introduction to Reading and Writing. Ed. Edgar V Roberts and Robert Zweig. 10th ed. New York: Pearson Longman, 2012. 416-422. Print.
Ortiz, Lisa. Critical Essay on “A Jury of Her Peers.” Short Stories for Students. Detroit: Gale. 163-166.
The coldness felt in the house as the sheriff and court attorney entered the house symbolized the same coldness brought about by Mr. Wright. For the house to be cold and gloomy and everything else outside the total opposite, was much more than just coincidence. It was as if when you entered the house a cadaver, cold and clammy, had embraced you in its arms. “ I don’t think a place’d be any cheerfuller for John Wright’s being in it”, Mrs. Hale told the court attorney (11). Mrs. Hale knew perfectly well what kind of personality Mr. Wright had, which is why she specified that she wished that she had gone to visit Mrs. Wright when only she was there. “There’s a great deal of work to be done on a farm”, says Mrs. Hale, yet they are seen as mere trifles because it is the women who take on these tasks.
In “ A Jury of Her Peers”, when the county sheriff and attorney go to the Wright house to investigate a murder. They search for clues to incriminate Mrs. Wright but find nothing. They discover Mr. Wright strangled in his bedroom and saw Mrs. Wright completely unaffected. Although Mrs. Wright claims to have been asleep while the murder occurred, the women conclude she choked her husband, Mr. Wright, as evidenced by the broken bird cage, the strangled canary, and the errant quilt patch.
Steinbeck, John. "The Chrysanthemums." Literature and the Writing Process. Ed. Elizabeth McMahan, Susan Day, and Robert Funk. 2nd ed. New York: Macmillan, 1989. 330-6.
The film A Jury of her Peers, is similar to the play, Trifles because it highlights similar points that are referenced in the text and is clear it was used as a basis for the foundation of the film. The names of Mr. and Mrs. Wright are changed to Mr. and Mrs. Burke. The use of facts to outline the climax, are the same as used in the play. Such as the building of suspense of the discovering of the bird and its strangulation and whether Mrs. Burke or Mr. Burke is to place blame. However, as an adaptation, opinions are added into the original framework of the play to add a touch of personalization. The film interprets the drama as a murder mystery, as the attorney and the sheriff search the household to find evidence to place blame on Mrs. Burke. A jury of her Peers, works to portray the emotions of Mrs. Peters and Mrs. Hale, as they discover items that would, (if found by the men) possibly prove her guilty (Bourne, 2013).