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Biopsychosocialaspect of eating disorders
Pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa research paper
Biopsychosocialaspect of eating disorders
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With regards to not having control over anorexia, there continue to be discoveries of the brain with anorexia and the change brought to the brain after a prolonged eating disorder. The author, Rosen discovered new findings about anorexia and can explain brain’s involvement which sheds light towards the study of eating disorders. The recent research done with brain imaging of people with eating disorders is leading to many changes in the way we look at mental illnesses. The author introduces Walter Kaye, a director of an eating disorders program at University of California, San Diego. Kelsey Heenan was mentioned, a 20 year old anorexic woman, who thought she was to blame for all her life for her mental illness. Brain scans show that there are differences between a healthy and an anorexic brain. The study consisted of unexpected receiving of rewards and omissions of rewards, by receiving a small amount of sugar as the reward. In the brain of a person with anorexia, the brain activity between receiving and omission was not different. There was however a lot more brain activity compared to a healthy person’s brain and an obese person’s brain. Anorexics are wired differently; some areas of their brain are nub to taste and even pain. Kaye knows that starvation causes brain change so further testing needs to be done to see if the brain change causes the mental illnesses or the other way around. (Rosen 22) These discoveries through brain-imaging can relieve a lot of self-doubt in the patients, which is created by society. It is not their fault that they have this disorder and that it is not going away, but getting worse, it is all because the brain functions have been damaged. Dr. Carrie E. Landa and Jane A. Bybee’s research focused on di...
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...e brain, and the brain is controlled by this language which in turn degrades a female’s self-esteem especially during puberty. During adolescent development the brain is still developing and is affected my words deeply, dieting starts around this time as a social norm, and depending on the girls exposure to society during that time, it can be impacted to continue dieting, which then can lead to more serious problems such as anorexia. There are not many therapies that work on resolving these girls health problems, the ones in use focus on mental health and understanding of emotions, but these treatments do not give the girl her life back, she will never fully recover through them. More medical research and treatment options should be developed to influence the brain alternations to the way they were before anorexia so that eating disorders can be eliminated for good.
The Girl with the Brown Crayon tells a simple personal story of a teacher and a child, interweaving the themes of race, identity, gender, and the essential human needs to create, and to belong. With these characteristic charms, and wonder, Paley discovers how the unexplored territory unfolding before her and Reeny comes to mark the very essence of school, a common core of reference, something to ponder deeply and expand on extravagantly. The child, Reeny, meets a writer of books and story-teller, is introduced to his fictional characters, and debates, with other children, their virtues and weaknesses.
In the novel The Windup Girl, Paolo Bacigalupi questions whether one can overcome their own programming through the character of Emiko. He introduces us to Emiko who is genetically programmed and psychologically conditioned to seek and obey a master. At first Emiko shows no sign of hope. She lives her life everyday with resentment of who she is. Until Anderson gives her a reason to hope. He tells Emiko about a place where windups live without owners, which makes her want to survive. In order to achieve this future she needs to be in control of her present. Since Raleigh is in control of her, she must first overcome her programming and get control so that she can become her own person. Through another accident of chance, Emiko is finally able to see her future becoming a reality when Gibbons tells her that he can give her children. Through Emiko’s character we see that hope was what she needed to overcome her programming and live her life. Giving Emiko the opportunity to find herself and know who she truly is, allowing her to not care of what others think of her.
“Fighting Anorexia” and “cookie monster” are two different articles based on research by some group of psychiatrists that focuses on eating disorder, which in psychology is referred to as a mental illness. Anorexia nervosa is a mental condition that describes a person’s obsession with food and the acute anxiety over weight gain (Newsweek cover, 2005). This disorder is categorized by an individual’s phobia on what to eat and what not to eat; as a result, the person begins to starve his or her self just to avoid adding more weight. The article published on the “Cookie Monster” expatiate on a research that describes how food is being used by some individuals to change their mood (McCarthy, 2001). This research shows that individuals especially college students try to subdue their emotions through the use of sweets and cookies. To further understand of these two experimental research in both articles, some important questions will be answered below.
Anorexia nervosa is a psychosociological disease which affects young women. Anorexia is mainly a female's disease which has been evident for centuries-however, in the past twenty years, the incidence of this disorder has risen to horrifying proportions. It is characterized by the refusal to maintain body wight over a minimal normal weight for age and height; intense fear of gaining weight; a distorted body image; and, amenorrhea. (http://www.pgi.edu/hagopian.htm) This disorder becomes a disease when the mind starts to cause problems with one's physical well-being. A connection has been found between sociocultural pressures to achieve, familial characteristics, and individual personality traits.
Though its primary function is usually plot driven--as a source of humor and a means to effect changes in characters through disguise and deception—cross dressing is also a sociological motif involving gendered play. My earlier essay on the use of the motif in Shakespeare's plays pointed out that cross dressing has been discussed as a symptom of "a radical discontinuity in the meaning of the family" (Belsey 178), as cul-tural anxiety over the destabilization of the social hierarchy (Baker, Howard, Garber), as the means for a woman to be assertive without arousing hostility (Claiborne Park), and as homoerotic arousal (Jardine). This variety of interpretations suggests the multivoiced character of the motif, but before approaching the subject of this essay, three clarifica- tions are necessary at the outset.
As defined by the National Eating Disorders Association, “Anorexia Nervosa is a serious, potentially life-threatening eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss.” (NEDA). The term “Anorexia Nervosa” literally means “neurotic loss of appetite”, and could be more generally defined as the result of a prolonged self-starvation and an unhealthy relationship regarding food and self-image. It is characterized by “resistance to maintaining body weight at or above a minimally normal weight for age and height”, “intense fear of weight gain or being “fat”, even though underweight”, “disturbance in the experience of body weight or shape, undue influence of weight or shape on self-evaluation, or denial of the seriousness of low body weight”, and “loss of menstrual periods in girls and women post-puberty.”(NEDA) Among women on a range of 15 to 24 years old, AN has been proved to have 12 times the annual mortality rate of all death causes, and from premature deaths of anorexic patients, 1 in every 5 is caused by suicide, which gives a rise of 20% for suicide probability. (EDV)
There is argument about whether or not Anorexia can be incited by environmental factors and whether the occurrence of Anorexia is increasing at all. The article “Not Our Stars But Ourselves” stated, “Some of these causes may overlap with one another, but biomedical researchers are virtually unanimous that Anorexia has physical roots” (Schwarz). The article also question whether growing a...
The author of my book is Steven Levenkron. Warner Books published this book in September of 1978 in New York, NY. The genre of my book is fiction with suspense.
Out of all mental illnesses found throughout the world, eating disorders have the highest mortality rate. Anorexia nervosa is one of the more common eating disorders found in society, along with bulimia nervosa. Despite having many definitions, anorexia nervosa is simply defined as the refusal to maintain a normal body weight (Michel, 2003). Anorexia nervosa is derived from two Latin words meaning “nervous inability to eat” (Frey, 2002). Although anorexics, those suffering from anorexia, have this “nervous inability to eat,” it does not mean that they do not have an appetite—anorexics literally starve themselves. They feel that they cannot trust or believe their perceptions of hunger and satiation (Abraham, 2008). Anorexics lose at least 15 percent of normal weight for height (Michel, 2003). This amount of weight loss is significant enough to cause malnutrition with impairment of normal bodily functions and rational thinking (Lucas, 2004). Anorexics have an unrealistic view of their bodies—they believe that they are overweight, even if the mirror and friends or family say otherwise. They often weigh themselves because they possess an irrational fear of gaining weight or becoming obese (Abraham, 2008). Many anorexics derive their own self-esteem and self-worth from body weight, size, and shape (“Body Image and Disordered Eating,” 2000). Obsession with becoming increasingly thinner and limiting food intake compromises the health of individuals suffering from anorexia. No matter the amount of weight they lose or how much their health is in jeopardy, anorexics will never be satisfied with their body and will continue to lose more weight.
Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa are described as psychological eating disorders (Keel and Levitt, 1). They are both characterized by an over-evaluation of weight. Despite being primarily an eating disorder, the manifestations of bulimia and anorexia are different. They both present a very conspicuous example of dangerous psychological disorders, as according to the South Carolina Department of Health, “Eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness” (Eating Order Statistics, 1). While Bulimia and anorexia are both psychological disorders primarily prevalent in women, anorexia tends to have different diagnostic complexities, symptoms and physiological effects as compared to bulimia.
Provide a brief summary of the financial stressors experienced by Rebecca, on which the film was based.
It seems like every little girl dreams of becoming a model. They want to be thin and pretty like the models they see on television and in magazines. Often the desire becomes an obsession and young girls see "thinness" as being a needed characteristic. For many girls, the teenage years are spent trying to acquire this look. Females are trying diets and are exercising like it is a competition to see who can lose the most weight the quickest. The obsession of many young girls over their appearance or weight has led to a growing number of people who have developed an eating disorder to try to deal with their lack of self-esteem or other related problems.
Marcela is twenty one years old and has a cat. Marcela has studied English since last year at the University. Also, we can not forget her love and her boyfriend, he is Leonardo. She has long, blond and wavy hair, a pair of light- brown eyes, and her skin is white. She is a good friend, and she has kind feelings. As a result of that, Marcela is a beautiful girl in all aspects.
Kara walked into the classroom five seconds before the bell rang and all the guys looked in awe. She was the kind of girl that everyone wants but nobody can have. I was among these spectators sitting next to an empty desk. She came and took the weight off her feet in chair to the left of me. I had never talked to her until one day she brought conversation upon me. She asked me how my day was going and I gave a typical response of “Good.” She introduced herself and asked for my name. I discovered right then from the position of the sun in the sky creating a perfect reflection of shine in her eyes that this girl was the perfect human being. The way she talked with a sense of warmth made me feel comforted and secure.
Today, as many as 10 out of 100 young teens struggle with an eating disorder. Each year, many teens develop eating disorders, or problems related to their weight, body image, and food. Anorexia is a serious eating disorder associated with an intense fear of weight gain and food. People who suffer from anorexia limit the amount of food they eat and have a distorted view of their body size and shape and may become dangerously thin. That is because the disorder affects not only their body but also their mind. Although the cause of anorexia is not fully understood, there is evidence that physical, biological, and social triggers are part of problems in anorexia. All of these causes revolve around the society we are living in today.