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Whom has Henrik Ibsen's work influenced
Choices and consequences in a doll's house
Henrik Ibsen views and beliefs
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In Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House, there is nothing more important than reputation. In the 19th century Norway, reputation was a cultural norm that was praised beyond anything else. Men would spend their whole lives developing a well-recognized reputation, and will do almost anything to prevent it from falling down. As displayed in this play, men will clearly pick reputation over more important priorities such as marriage, which evidently is an unethical decision. Many decisions facing a moral dilemma will be biased towards benefiting themselves rather than aiding loved ones. Humans are born selfish, which is why they will prioritize themselves first, even if impending consequences are worse or inevitable.
Thesis: Henrik Ibsen criticizes the obsession of reputation and appearance of men through the display of Torvald's actions when facing a moral decision.
Undoubtedly the big message Ibsen is trying to convey is the preoccupation of Torvald and his own self-image. This is displayed through his occupation and work environment. By firing Krogstad and leaving no sign of regret or guilt, he establishes a message to others that describe him as a controlling and dominant figure. Not only does it strengthen his reputation, but having an employee that committed a serious crime would be detrimental to his future career. If his job gets jeopardized, his reputation will also be jeopardized. Hence, Torvald weighs the consequences for both situations to decide on the best decision that would least harm his reputation. Even though Nora urges him to keep Krogstad, he knows that keeping him would bring a risk in future committed crimes. His ignorance of Nora's urges demonstrates how he will not appear influenced by Nora or any of his colleagues ...
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...was to follow a cultural norm, and satisfy the American dream. Men were expected to get married to take care of the wife. Everyone is doing it, which is why Torvald feels as if he is expected to marry to blend into society.
In conclusion, Henrik Ibsen expresses his opinion of men being overly obsessed with their self-image and in particular their reputation. This is displayed through the actions of Torvald, in particular from the Tarantella dance, firing of Krogstad, and following societal norms such as marriage. He even blends into society so that others will not develop a suspicion in his decisions. Torvald's mind is fogged by a constant desire to improve and maintain a dominant self-image. Upon realization that prioritizing himself over Nora lead to his ultimate downfall, Nora leaves him. All Torvald was ever left with in the end was a guilty and regretful heart.
Linde is an example of a woman acting predatory with her jealously and advancing herself as the motive for her actions. When Nora and Mrs. Linde are catching up on each other’s lives, Mrs. Linde tells Nora of the hardship in her life and says, “No one to work for, and yet you’re always having to snap up your opportunities. You have to live; and so you grow selfish” (Ibsen 2192). This emphasizes the nature of predatoriness in this society that is necessary to live within it. Mrs. Linde mentions that she has struggled to find work and garners Nora’s sympathy to then follow up and ask Nora if Torvald could possibly find her a job. Through Mrs. Linde, Ibsen illustrates this type of subtle predatoriness that is commonly used to advance oneself in his society. When Krogstad tells Mrs. Linde about his letter to Torvald, instead of stopping Torvald from getting the letter, and finding out Nora’s secret, she says, “Helmer’s got to learn everything; this dreadful secret has to be aired; those two have come have to come to a full understanding; all these lies and evasions can’t go on” (Ibsen 2222). Mrs. Linde gets exactly what she wants, a life similar to Nora’s with Krogstad, without having to cause any damage, but demonstrates predatory nature through acting with the intention to hurt Nora due to the jealousy she felt for Nora’s life. Ibsen suggests that many women want to get married and live the life of a life of a perfect housewife, but do not succeed in this, like Mrs.
Nils Krogstad is in fear of losing his job at the bank. He will stop at nothing in order to retain his position, as he has struggled relentlessly to get to where he is now. Krogstad was guilty of committing the same crime as that of Nora and although their motives were different, the law still regards their actions as fraudulent. In all of his ruthlessness and selfishness, Krogstad represents the desperation that Nora experience’s throughout the play as she tries to figure a way out of her desperate situation. She had gone to him in her time of need and now he has approached her in his time of despair. However, she is unable to assist him because it would mean that she would have to involve Torvald and that is the last thing she wants to happen. Thus, Krogstad retaliates by explaining to her that if he goes down, she will go with him. “But I tell you this: if I’m pitched out a second time, you are going to keep me company';(Ibsen 29). He shows no sympathy, as he does not hesitate to destroy the reputations of both Nora and Helmer for his own benefit and to further his own standing in society. The character of Krogstad demonstrates that although one can overcome their fault and eventually move on with life, that person will ultimately revert to other similar acts of ruthlessness later in life.
The problem with suicide is that it can be depicted as the greatest form of courage and the ultimate weakness. As a strength, suicide is Nora’s last bid for complete control of her life by removing herself from society completely. As a weakness, suicide leaves Nora vulnerable for being a scapegoat for the shame brought upon her family. Suicide also paints Torvald as the victim, Nora was an unfit wife and mother who abandoned her family through death. The abandonment of her children through death leaves no chance for Nora to be able to reconnect with them like she would be able to if she were to strike out on her own looking for her independence. Nora’s children would have psychological problems that would leave them emotionally damaged and leave them with enormous guilt. Suicide presents the same problem the ending in which Nora stays with her family does, reinforcing the role of women as being repressed and controlled by a patriarchal society. This alternate ending does not highlight the message Ibsen was trying to portray like Ibsen’s original
7. Rekdal, Anne Marie. " The female Jouissance An Analysis of Ibsen's Et dukkehjem. Expanded Academic ASAP. Methodist College , Fayetteville , NC . 30 Octuber 2005
...ing of what he may have once declared to be truth. Ibsen uses Rank to make these truths about Nora and Torvald's personalities evident to the reader.
...a that an idealistic lifestyle based off of lies and falsehood is in fact, not an idealistic lifestyle at all. At every opportunity Ibsen suggests that behind the façade of marriage, what exists is nothing close to what a marriage should be, and this is exactly what Nora comes to realize nearing the end of the play. The one miracle she had hopped to occur, was that their “Living together could be a true marriage.” It is undeniable that the ideas Ibsen develops that truth plays a crucial role in idealistic living; and when such idealistic lifestyles are built on deceit an individual will eventually undergo an epiphany resulting in a radical understanding of reality. In the case of this play, Nora and Torvald’s relationship disintegrates and she leaves him to find herself and to find a true idealistic lifestyle. As for Nora and Torvald, their marriage is destroyed.
The characters of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House and Hedda Gabler have problems relating to and surrounding their feelings towards the expectations presented to them by their society. The motivation behind their actions denote a fear of losing their respectability and status in their towns while implying a desire to be free of the expectations on them. The looming punishment of losing reputation and credibility in a community forces the characters in these plays to tiptoe around each other while trying to gain an upper hand and not be exposed in a possible scandal. The character’s actions are driven by a fear of losing respect in the community, being deemed disgraceful by neighbors, and damaging the character they have been building in the eyes
Ibsen’s spotlight on everyday matters of a married couple delivers a test of fortitude; marriage, love, life and how this dance is perform daily. Torvald’s happiness is dependent on order; “Home-life ceases to be free and beautiful as soon as it is founded on borrowing and debt,” (Act I 4) these spoken words focus on borrowing and debt, but are easily replaced with “chaos and willfulness” without change to the meaning. While Torvald carries his own set of secrets such as what the ideal home, wife, and mother means; Nora fulfills his minds play of a doll, placing her where he wishes and manipulates her with playful words of “my squirrel”, “my little lark”, and “my little spendthrift.” These spirited gibes are meant to keep her in place, as the obedient wife. Unknowingly at first Nora plays her roll well; bouncing playfully along with Torvald’s pet names given that she has an agenda of her own, little
The inferior role of Nora is extremely important to her character. Nora is oppressed by a variety of "tyrannical social conventions." Ibsen in his "A Doll's House" depicts the role of women as subordinate in order to emphasize their role in society. Nora is oppressed by the manipulation from Torvald. Torvald has a very typical relationship with society. He is a smug bank manager. With his job arrive many responsibilities. He often treats his wife as if she is one of these responsibilities. Torvald is very authoritative and puts his appearance, both social and physical, ahead of his wife that he supposedly loves. Torvald is a man that is worried about his reputation, and cares little about his wife's feelings.
Torvald explained to Nora that keeping Krogstad on at the bank would appear to others that he is easily swayed by his wife. Torvald has also complained about Krogstad’s use of his first name at the bank. Of course, Torvald’s true feelings about his appearance come out explicitly during his fit of rage in the end. Torvald is excessively consumed with how others view him and has no moral objections to having his wife perform sultry dances in front of other men.
Through Nora’s childish actions, Ibsen highlights the importance of social reputation during the Victorian era. Nora is seemingly satisfied with her life due to the newfound economic stability of her family, thus demonstrating the importance she places on opulence and material comfort. Nora, however, goes against the traditional Norwegian norms and controls the family’s money to maintain their representable status. Nora defies the traditional role of women in a patriarchal society when she forges her father’s signature to secure a loan from Krogstad, a man who works with Torvald at the bank. Nora’s rebellious act characterizes her as childish because she does not think about the consequences that could be brought to the family name. She deceives her husband with a childish persona, to prevent Torvald from finding out the forgery. Therefore, she deceives her husband with a childish persona to prevent Torvald from finding out the forgery. For example, Nora is characterized as a childish when ...
Henrik Ibsen's works Dollhouse and An Enemy of the People can be shown to have both been written by Ibsen not only through characteristic technique such as blocking and character exposition, but also the similarity in the decay of the social persona of characters from the norm and the main character's heightening stalwart. The later of that statement proves the works to be Ibsen's writing more effectively because such a commonality is a more direct link between works than such subtlies as character exposition.
Specific roles and traits have been stereotyped with genders by society for many years. While being strong and vocal is often associated with masculinity and men, women are characterized to be weaker and soft-spoken. Males are conventionally in occupations or roles, that involve leadership. Conversely, the social normalization of females involves no work, but rather their main role is to look after the children at home. In A Doll’s House, Henrik Ibsen depicts a society rich in gender norms and stereotyping. The protagonist of the play, Nora, lives in the shadow of her white-collar working husband, Torvald, who often refers to her as his doll. As the plot progresses, the reader discovers Nora previously received a confidential loan in order to assist in her husband’s efforts to heal from a serious illness. By the end of the story, Nora is exposed to Torvald for taking out the loan, resulting in an argument that leads to the demise of their eight-year marriage, but ultimately the separation was brought forth by Nora. The standard gender roles illustrated throughout the entire play, are swiftly reciprocated, to justify that sexes are not defined by social stereotyping, but all genders are capable of the same roles and traits as each other.
Torvald is extremely cautious about how he is perceived by other people. He would do anything to keep his honourable image, even if it involves him doing something dishonourable. Another way the relationship between Nora and Torvald will end is from Nora’s desire for her own identity. Even though it might seem that without Krogstad’s extortion plan, Nora would have never developed her need for an identity, but she has shown signs of a new identity well before Krogstad tried to extort Nora from his job.
sure the children don’t see it till it’s decorated this evening”(Ibsen 892). There is also a