30 Year war The 30 Year war was a series of multiple battles and wars that lasted in central europe that lasted from 1618 to 1648. It was the longest and most destructive war in European History. Initially there were battles between the protestant and catholic states in the fragmenting Roman Empire it later developed into more larger conflicts involving most of the great powers including the great powers of Europe.
The war really began when the Roman Empire tried to impose unreligious aacs on its domains. The northern Protestant states were angered by the violation of their rights. They all banded together to form the League of Evangelical Union. The Empire soon crushed this perceived rebellion, but people around the Protestant
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The war also made most of the combatant powers go completely bankrupt. Both mercenaries and soldiers in fighting armies were supposed to fund themselves by looting victories or extorting tribute, which made it harder on the inhabitants of occupied territories.
The Peace of Westphalia treaty of 1648 was what ended the Thirty Years' War. Sweden was able to acquire the western Pomerania while Eastern Pomerania was assigned to Brandenburg. France gained a small portion of territory from Alsace. The treaty helped to formally recognized the independence of the Dutch Republic and Switzerland it also granted the German states the right to make treaties and alliances with other powers, by having this happen it further weakened the authority of the Roman emperor In its religious affairs, the Peace of Westphalia also expanded the Peace of Augsburg in order to include Calvinists, as well as Catholics and Lutherans. The Peace of Westphalia put a halt for the Roman emperor's hope of restoring both his own power and the Catholic faith throughout his empire. The empire was now separated into a number of virtually independent states. The end of the Thirty Years' War left Habsburg Spain in a mess of destruction and was completely isolated. Although the French war against Spain continued until 1659, the Treaty of the Pyrenees helped to award France part of the Spanish Netherlands and some extra territory in northern
In World War II the Allied Forces had a "Europe First" campaign of invading the Atlantic countries before the Pacific. This is because Germany served as a bigger threat than Japan to the Allied Powers. In the United States, Franklin Delanor Roosevelt was the President. He kept America neutral at first, but later entered in after Pearl Harbor. George Patton was a popular U.S. Army leader who started tank warfare in America. Bernard Montgomery commanded the 8th Army which had victories in Europe including D-Day. At the near end of the war Omar Bradley toured through Germany notifying the rest of the world what had gone on there with all of the death camps during the Holocaust, which was where the murder of over 6 millioin Jewish people took place.
As reported by the White House, women, on average, earn 77 cents for every dollar earned by a man. Writer and activist, Rebecca Solnit addresses such issues of gender inequality, as well as violence against women, in her 2014 essay, “The Longest War.” Solnit’s purpose is to shed a light onto the inequitable and detrimental treatment of women and to emphasize the need for change. She utilizes a compelling, matter-of-fact tone to optimize the effect her words will have on her readers, both male and female. “The Longest War” by Rebecca Solnit employs the rhetorical strategies of substance and delivery to highlight gender issues worldwide, evoke the audience’s rational and emotional sides, and inspire people to act toward equality.
The word "privateer" conjures a romantic image in the minds of most Americans. Tales of battle and bounty pervade the folklore of privateering, which has become a cherished, if often overlooked part of our shared heritage. Legends were forged during the battle for American independence, and these men were understandably glorified as part of the formation of our national identity. The fact of the matter is that the vast majority of these men were common opportunists, if noteworthy naval warriors. The profit motive was the driving force behind almost all of their expeditions, and a successful privateer could easily become quite wealthy. In times of peace, these men would be common pirates, pariahs of the maritime community. Commissioned in times of war, they were respected entrepreneurs, serving their purses and their country, if only incidentally the latter. However vulgar their motivation, the system of privateering arose because it provided a valuable service to thecountry, and indeed the American Revolution might not have been won without their involvement. Many scholars agree that all war begins for economic reasons, and the privateers of the war for independence contributed by attacking the commercial livelihood of Great Britain's merchants.
On the 28th of June 1919, a peace treaty, also known as the treaty of Versailles, was signed, ending the First World War. The treaty had a humiliating effect causing great resentment. Germany had no choice but to accept the terms of the treaty, which later had a considerable impact on the countries running. The negotiations for this treaty took six months, at the Paris peace conference. Germany was forced to accept all responsibility for causing the war, making substantial territorial concessions along with disarming, which reduced their army to 100,000 men, no tanks or U-boats and the Rhineland, which previously belonged to Germany, was to be demilitarised. They also had reperations of £6.6 billion to pay back.Germany then lost all conections with it’s overseas colonies and could never again unite with Austria. They lost a large area of teritory to Belgium, France and Poland, this was a significant loss to Germany as these areas were rich in mineral wealth. This would put a strain on Germany’s ability to re pay the allies.
At some point in everyone's lifetime, a tough choice emerges. The characters in John Marsden’s
The war started out as a dispute over a declaration by Duke Ferdinand and escalated to a large-scale war between Catholic versus Protestant, Calvinist, and Lutheran religions. While the war began due to religious motivation, the war ultimately ended up being a political tool used to limit the Hapsburg power in Spain. France, a Catholic power, and other anti-Catholic entities throwing their support behind Gustavus Adolphus, who was a deeply religious Protestant fighting the largely Catholic Spain. This led to a division of the Holy Roman Empire and left Germany divided as Sweden, France, and the Catholic Church carved out their territories through political means to increase their own party’s
"Plutot mourir que faillir"("Rather dying than failing")and “UBIQUE! QUO FAS ET GLORIA DUCUNT" “Everywhere! Where Right and Glory Lead.” The Seven Years war, or the French and Indian war to Americans, was arguably the first true world. The Seven years war was a worldwide war fought in Europe, North America, and India between. It was France, Austria, Russia, Saxony, Sweden, and (after 1762) Spain on the one side and Prussia, Great Britain, and Hanover on the other (the Americans where there only for the North American theater).This conflict was the result of the ongoing hostilities and the struggle of supremacy between France and Great Britain. In 1754, in North America, George Washington was defeated at Fort Necessity in western Pennsylvania. From that moment on, both France and Great Britain dispatched troops, although not in equal numbers. For France, the war in Europe was the top priority, so the country sent just a few troops. It also considered it was more important to protect its colonies in the West Indies, since sugar cane was more lucrative than the fur trade in New France (Canada). Great Britain on the other hand was determined to destroy France's colonial empire, and it sent more than 20,000 soldiers to America. It must also be noted that American colonists were unable to defend themselves against their Canadian counterparts, who, with the help the Native Americans excelled in the art of the guerilla warfare. For New England, it was imperative to obliterate New France and its Native allies, which were preventing the States from acquiring and occupying new land (New England had a very large population and sought new land to occupy and farm.) France waste no time in the war and attacked the British held island of Minorca. This island ended up in the hands of the French. Although France did well in the war until 1757, the tide proceeded to turn, in favor of the British troops, after William Pitt became Sec. of state for war. The British won several victories right including the battle on the Plains of Abraham in 1759, when James Wolfe defeated the army of Montcalm. Things were far from over, however, because the final result depended on whether France was victorious or defeated. In the end, France was defeated on all fronts (West Indies, the subcontinent of India, Europe and America). The Treaty of Paris, signed by Great Britain, France, and Spain on February 10, 1763, ended the Seven Years' War and its American counterpart, the French and Indian War (1754-1763).
War is what keeps a nation from dying, it is the backbone of a country. This is the shown throughout the course of World War I, also known as “the war to end all wars.” World War I started in the summer of 1914. Archduke Francis Ferdinand, from the Austro – Hungarian Empire was visiting Bosnia. He was shot, along with his wife, Sofia, by a young man from the Black Hand, Gavrillo Princip. What were the three main factors that started World War I? There were three main underlying causes that started World War I: greed, nationalism, and militarism.
The War of 1812, referred to as America’s second war for independence, solidified the United States as a sovereign nation and had lasting implications on the national and international stages. The war ushered in the beginning of national unity and realigned the political parties of the young republic. It began to set in motion the relocation of Native Americans, the formation of boundaries, and allowed for western expansion. The United States was also able to successfully stop the British policies of trade restrictions and impressment, strengthening their diplomatic influence and foreign policy agenda. After the war, the federal government created policies of their own that would help grow the economy and end European colonization in the Americas.
World War 1 was a deadly battle with millions dead, but do you ever wonder what caused world war 2? There are many causes for world war 2, but the item that caused an impact on the war the Treaty of Versailles. World war 1 started on August 1914 and ended on November 1918 it lasted for 4 years and 3 months. World War 2 lasted for 6 years with even more people dead and injured. So how did the versailles treaty help cause world war 2. The treaty of versailles punished Germany too harshly in four key ways: Territorial losses, showing how Germany is weak, and vulnerable, making the Germans pay, and the germans also wanted to destroy the treaty.
The Vietnam War is one of the most controversial subjects in American politics. The US went to the war under the guise of the domino effect, as they believed that if Vietnam fell, the surrounding countries would fall as well. President Johnson said “If you let a bully come into your garden, the next day he’ll be on your porch, and the day after that he’ll rape your wife” One thing that is not controversial is that we lost the war. Lots of different factors contributed to the United States unsuccessful trip to Vietnam. Among many reasons, one of the two biggest factors in the lose of the war was America’s foreign policy how and how bad the US underestimated how important freedom and independence was to the people of Vietnam. On top of that the US used the wrong military strategy, instead of focusing on limiting collateral damage the US used heavy artillery that killed citizens and alienated would be supporters. There was political corruptness in South Vietnam governments, which meant that they could not build an alternative to the NLF. At home, the public opinion of the war was decreasing at a constant rate and demonstrations were at an all time high. Everything that could go wrong did go wrong, and these problems all contributed to a Vietnam tour that went horribly wrong and an attitude among the American people that was growing ever doubt full of their government.
The two treaties of Münster and Osnabrück, commonly known as the Peace of Westphalia, was the culminating element for the Holy Roman Empire in the Thirty Years' War. It established a final religious settlement and provided for new political boundaries for the German states of central Europe. The impact of the Peace of Westphalia was broad and long-standing, as it dictated the future of Germany and ex-territories of the Holy Roman Empire for some time to come.
The Thirty Years War was a series of conflicts, not-knowingly involving most European countries from 1618 to 1648. The war, which was fought mainly in Germany, was started when Bohemian Protestants furiously attacked the Holy Roman Emperor in terms to impose a restriction on their religious and civil liberties. By understanding the Thirty Years War, you will notice the notable religious, political and social changes. The changes paved the religious and political maps of Europe. Not only did this war affect the religious and political demographic, it caused populations to perish and lose large amounts of their goods. What was known as a religious battle, turned out to be a political feud in competition of which state has the greater power affecting men, women, soldiers and civilians. “[The bohemians] had no idea that their violent deed would set off a chain reaction of armed conflict that would last thirty years and later be called Europe’s “first world war” of the modern era.” When the war ended, the lands were defiled and over 5 million people were killed.
Protestants and Catholics both took a large toll with this war, but both are still here today and aren’t going anywhere. After discussing many aspects of the Thirty Years’ War, I hope you can see how it changed Europe itself, both religions, and the division of power within Nation States and how this all plays into how we see Europe today.
Although, nothing can be further from the truth. Wars are expensive. The cost of the Second World War is estimated at about 1.944 trillion US dollars worldwide. Large wars create a shock to the economy of the participating countries. Even though there can some short term positive effects, in the long run, war generally cuts off economic development and undermines prosperity.