During the late 19th century and early 20th century the U.S continued it past expansion from Manifesto Destiny and the progressive era by the debates of racial superiority and constitutional rights but, it also was a departure from the previous expansion era by the U.S expanded our foreign relationships, not using the idea of isolationism, and the use of different foreign policies. In 1885 was a transition year with Cleveland being the President at the time who had to deal with the political machines. Thomas Nast being a famous cartoon artist of his time, used his talent to exposed the corrupt people such as “Boss tweed” and Tammany Hall who used the machine to their benefits. The cartoon labels “The World’s Plunders” shows different countries …show more content…
holding a bag of money and they are either reaching or eyeing a country that they have invested in and have a colony in, showing how corrupt the countries are.(Document A) This later motivates us to start expanding outwards to benefit the U.S. During President McKinley term his secretary of state John Hay’s started the open door policy. The policy included an equal privilege among countries traveling to China. In the picture title “American Diplomacy” shows a door that has the word China on it that. (Document G) Open door policy was investors of other countries just being able to invest in china. In the picture one may notice a man with a key and that key represents the key to foreign relationships in the hands of John Hay. (Document G) Not only did America follow through with the Open door policy but Great Britain, Germany, France and 40 other countries agreed to this policy. This policy would let other nations have free port of China. The policy was first put in place because China had many countries invested in different eras and they “claimed it”. Nast cartoon foreshadowing the 1900’s because in the Open door policy is different countries investing in China and in the cartoon by Nast is different countries investment in another country. During the late 19 century with President Theodor Roosevelt’s presidency (1901-1909) he adopted the big stick diplomacy.
This policy included the U.S being an authority figure and the phrase “speak softly and carry a big stick” came about. Theodore Roosevelt himself said in his Annual message to Congress that the U.S don't want land,but simply just want to see that our neighboring country are stable and will help them get back on their feet. (Document F) This document also mentions the Monroe Doctrine, which was used as an excuse to help foreign neighboring countries and the U.S would interfere and help them out until they were stable. Later with Wilson’s presidency one might note the shift from big stick to moral to back up our reasonings to infer with other countries problems. For example countries like the Philippines and Cuba were country the U.S help their cause and the U.S became a “helicopter parent” by not letting them do certain things like trade with certain countries. Another one of Roosevelt’s beliefs for the big stick policy was to decided to do is build a stronger navel base that way he could protect Americans if something was to happen and we needed a strong navy (such as WWI. with unrestricted submarine warfare ) Alfred T. Mahan who wrote “The interest of America in Sea Power: Little, Brown states that America should have bases further out than off the coast of America but to do so, one must have land in foreign territory or have a good solid foreign …show more content…
relationship to use their land. (Document C) Mahan also list out what the U.S must do to achieve this goal: protect the chief harbors and have a navel force to be an offense. Even though most of this era was a departure from the past expansion, it also was a continuation from past expansion because, the U.S were still having conflicts of racial superiority.
In 1901 the Jim Crow laws were in act in many cities/states in the U.S, with this separate but equal thinking many people would believe they had the racial superiority. In many southern states the African American areas do no come close to being called equal to the whites area. Thous having the rascal conflict that Josiah Strong pointed out. In his writing compares the superiority of Anglo-Saxons and how they would thrive in many situations. (Document B) Josiah Strong other purpose was to show the Christian justification for American imperialism and that we should civilize and Christianize South America. Another reason the U.S had a continuation of expansion was the U.S was still having conflicts over if the constitution would allow the U.S to expand into new territories. Downes v. Bidwelll court case is a great example of this. The court case put on trial (Insular case) if the U.S should allow the counties we helped out and are hovering them if they have the same rights as Americans. (Document H) At the end of the trial it is deemed that the U.S does not give them full American rights. Even before the expansion era the U.S was debating if many thing were constituan and this case is an example that we still reflect back to our roots and decide if its allowed or
not. Thought the late 19th century and early 20th century the U.S continues to expand from past expansions from the debates of racial superiority to debating about constitutional rights but, it also was a departure from the previous expansion era by the U.S expanded our foreign relationships, not using the idea of isolationism, and the uses of different foreign policies such as big stick or open door.
After the Civil War, business and corporations have expanded significantly throughout the United States. During this time period, known as the Gilded Age, many aspects of the United States were influenced by these large corporations. The Gilded Age was given that name after Mark Twain referenced it in one of his works. In the post Civil War period, big businesses governed by corrupt acts and held power of both the political system and the economy.
During the 1800’s, business leaders who built their affluence by stealing and bribing public officials to propose laws in their favor were known as “robber barons”. J.P. Morgan, a banker, financed the restructuring of railroads, insurance companies, and banks. In addition, Andrew Carnegie, the steel king, disliked monopolistic trusts. Nonetheless, ruthlessly destroying the businesses and lives of many people merely for personal profit; Carnegie attained a level of dominance and wealth never before seen in American history, but was only able to obtain this through acts that were dishonest and oftentimes, illicit. Document D resentfully emphasizes the alleged capacity of the corrupt industrialists. In the picture illustrated, panic-stricken people pay acknowledgment to the lordly tycoons. Correlating to this political cartoon, in 1900, Carnegie was willing to sell his holdings of his company. During the time Morgan was manufacturing
The years between 1825-1850 were the years of the Jacksonian Democracy. During this time democratic ideals were expanded through equal rights movements and educational and religious reforms. The main goal of this era was to make society a better place for everyone. To better society there had to be change, change for more equality and freedom.
After the soaring ideals and tremendous sacrifices of the Civil War, the post-War era of the United States was generally one of political disillusionment. Even as the continent expanded and industrialized, political life in the Gilded Age was marked by ineptitude and stalemate as passive, rather than active, presidents merely served as figureheads to be manipulated rather than enduring strongholds. As politicians from both the White House to the courthouse were deeply entangled in corruption and scandal during the Gilded Age, the actual economic and social issues afflicting urbanizing America festered beneath the surface without being seriously addressed.
In the late nineteenth century known as the Gilded Age (or the Reconstruction period) and the early twentieth century known as the Progressive era, the nation went through great economic growth and social change. Beginning from the 1870s, there was rapid growth in innovations and big businesses. This could be because there was population growth and when there is population growth, there is a high demand of products and other necessities in order to strive in society. Many immigrants from Europe, mostly from the eastern and southern Europe, and Asia moved to American cities. Additionally, farmers from rural America desired to increase economically in society and since corporations ruled and political problems occurred, they decided to move into the cities. Afterwards, the 1900s started with the dominance of progressivism which many Americans tried to improve and solve the problems that were caused or had arisen because of the industrialization of the Gilded Age. It was basically the time when progressives fought for legislations like regulation of big businesses, end of the political corruption, and protection of the rights of the people: the poor, immigrants, workers, and consumers. Thus, between the periods 1870 to 1920, big businesses had arisen and taken control of the political and economic systems through corruption and innovations. In response, American citizens reacted negatively and formed labor unions and political systems to diminish the power that large corporations had in America.
Expansionism in the late 19th/ Early 20th century Expansionism in America during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century shared many similarities and differences to that of previous American expansionist ideals. In both cases of American expansionism, the Americans believed that we must expand our borders in order to keep the country running upright. Also, the Americans believed that the United States was the strongest of nations, and that they could take any land they pleased. This is shown in the "manifest destiny" of the 1840's and the "Darwinism" of the late 1800's and early 1900's. Apart from the similarities, there were also several differences that included the American attempt to stretch their empire across the seas and into other parts of the world.
From 1919-1941 the US advocated its isolationism. However, as such a large and economically influential nation it could not be truly isolationist and did take part in some international affairs during the period. The extent to which the nation was isolationist varied throughout the period. One can clearly state that in 1919 support for isolationism was extremely strong but was near completely extinguished by 1942.
From western expansion to foreign imperialism the United States has always been an expansionist country. Early America’s focus was to conquer the natives and obtain western land within North America, but in the latter of America’s history, specifically in the nineteenth and twentieth century, foreign imperialism became the new focus. America’s activity in foreign imperialism was a continuation and departure of the United States’ early expansionism. It was a continuation in terms of manifest destiny, the spread of Christianity, and by the concept of “the city on a hill” and a departure in terms of foreign involvement.
Roosevelt's foreign policy was the "Big Stick Policy." This is a policy in which one speaks softly, but always have a “big stick”, or the Navy, which was to be used when necessary, or to intimidate others into getting what they want. “Dollar Diplomacy” was the foreign policy of Taft. Taft’s policy had to do more with investing in foreign affairs, in which the United States invests in other countries, and if one of those countries were distrupted, the US would help. Wilson's foreign policy was the "Moral Diplomacy". His main goals with this policy was to spread democracy, promote peace, and condemn
The United States of America has never been content with stagnation. The landmass of the Thirteen Colonies was enough to rival that of the Mother country from which they separated. The forefathers believed that it was the manifest destiny of this nation to eventually claim the expansion from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. By 1890, nearly a hundred years following the original claim of Manifest Destiny, the land that was once open, was now under American control. But no sooner was the Great American Frontier closed, than was the door to East Asian expansion opened with the great gold key of American diplomacy. In a world where imperialism was contagious, and cartographers had to work around the clock to keep up with an ever-changing geopolitical landscape, the United States seized the opportunity to establish herself as a significant world power. With great expansionist minds at her helm, such as Theodore Roosevelt and Howard Taft the United States began to grow beyond her border to claim stake in this wide-open world. This new expansionism of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century was a different institution than its early to mid nineteenth century counterpart. Still, the drive to exercise the sovereignty of the United State and to propel itself over the world’s stage was the same then as it was in the time of Thomas Jefferson. In order to understand this assertion, attention must be given to three levels of analysis. First, the similarities that exist between the drive and purpose of old and new expansion must be taken into account. Second, the differences in the global political scene must be considered. Finally, there exits differences in the means by which expansion occurred.
...media as much after the Mexican-American War it still showed that Americans could go anywhere and live there and help the US expand. With manifest destiny telling the population they could help build the west expansionism happened rapidly.
In the 18th century, the most astonishing reality is that the number of people who lived in British America increased greatly. In the early 17th century, the number of citizens who habitated the new world approximated 250.000, but rose to 2 million at the end of the 17th century (page 125). The multiplication of citizens in the colonies signified a society no longer unvaried. It meant the colonial, the people consisted of different groups, races, and religions. The variety of colonists resulted for 2 reasons : natural growth and immigration from outside. (page 125). Surprisingly, the immigrants didn't come from England, but from other parts of Europe, for example Scotland Ireland and as well as Germany. The Scots - Irish contributed
held under the Big Stick Policy was “international police power” which had the purpose of preserving peace and order in the world— ultimately protecting American interests. One example that corroborates why Roosevelt’s strategy was the best approach to foreign policy was because of its ability to bring peace to foreign regions like Japan and Russia. These two rival nations were involved in an over-year long war (known as the the Russo-Japan War) over commercial control in Korea and China. Knowing that American business in China would be risked no matter the outcome, Roosevelt exercised international police power by offering to mediate the conflict between Japan and Russia. Weeks of negotiations finally led to a conclusion of the war, and for that, Theodore Roosevelt received a Nobel Peace Prize. Although many can argue that Roosevelt himself was the reason for reduced tensions between Russia and Japan, it is certain that he would not have been able to succeed without the use of “international police power”. Similarly, Roosevelt was able to mediate a conflict between France and Great Britain, and Germany over affairs in Morocco. He achieved the primary goal of protecting U.S. interests by averting a European war to ultimately prevent a disturbance to American trade. Without international police power in both these situations— or the the Big Stick Policy for that matter— the United States would not have been able to step in and resolve the many
The big stick diplomacy pertained to the construction and control of the Panama Canal. Nevertheless, President Roosevelt used the Big Stick diplomacy during his presidency. However, the big stick diplomacy underwent critics and deployed. The Big Stick policy, also known as Roosevelt Corollary was a policy that policed the small nations that had unstable governments. Moreover, Roosevelt secured the Panama Canal through the Big stick policy. On the other hand, the big stick diplomacy expanded American markets. Nevertheless, Roosevelt’s determination led to the beginning of trade interests within other nations. Also, it negotiated the unspoken threat of a military. Roosevelt deployed military personnels to restore order to an organized government
Another policy that occurred because of the war was the “open door” policy. America had much interest in Asia, and the Philippines provided a door to China. America viewed China as a weak country, and was afraid that other countries might attack China, take over, and exploit it. The annexation of the Philippines gave America the opportunity to “protect” china. So the Americans proposed an open door policy, where each country in the treaty were allowed a place of influence, where china had to respect the laws of the countries, but were allowed to collect tariffs.