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The American Counterculture and The Vietnam War
The American Counterculture and The Vietnam War
Essay on the counterculture of the 60s
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The 1960s Counterculture refers to the period where the norms of traditional America and previous generations were rejected by the youth of the baby boom. I believe the Counterculture serves as a turning point for America because it was this movement that put a gap between old traditions of previous generations and brought about new ideas and ways of living for the youth.
The Counterculture youth, who claimed the title “Hippies,” rejected the cultural standards of their parents, especially when it came to racial segregation, the Vietnam War, sexual mores, women's rights, and materialism. They also rebelled against former lifestyles by their choice of clothing and fashion; this was especially true pertaining to young women. The slogan of the
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Wanting to rebel against parents and older traditions was one big reason, but there were many others as well. Another reason why the Counterculture started in the first place was because the baby boomers weren't babies anymore. They were young adults who wanted to voice their own opinions and make a difference in their country. Most of the youths who joined the Counterculture movement wanted to protest against the discrimination women and blacks faced. They also were highly in opposition of U.S involvement in the Vietnam war. These young people began to develop an anti-war and anti-authority attitude. They would participate in protests, music festivals, and anti-war marches. One of these movements became known as the “Free Speech Movement.” This movement spread among college and high school campuses everywhere throughout the United States. Young people wanted to be heard and counted, serving as a sharp contrast to how they used to be quiet and submissive in previous generations. At college sit-ins and protest rallies, students challenged faculty policies and demanded an end to curfews, dress codes, and strict dormitory visitation rules. In the summer of 1968, the angry Counterculture youths also protested at the Democratic National Convention. They were furious with the party's elders who supported Vice President Hubert Humphrey for nomination. Humphrey supported LBJ's Vietnam policy, and this was exactly what the youths did not want. The police and protesters clashed, and as many were beaten and arrested they chanted “The whole world is watching, the whole world is watching” as the whole catastrophe was being televised to millions of
During the 1960’s, there was a rising tide of protests that were taking place. College students began to stand up for their rights and protest for a stronger voice in society. The United States was going through a tough period marked by the Cold War against communism and also the war in Vietnam. From Truman to Nixon the United States government involved the country more and more in Vietnam. Nixon announced a new policy in 1968 called Vietnamization. (Foner, 4th edition, pg.1028) This policy would bring American troops back home, but it neither limited the war nor ended the antiwar movements.
The 1960’s was a time society fantasized of a better world. However, the horrors of the Vietnam War soon became evident; the mass amounts of death occurring because of the war became a reality. It created a “movement”, especially in American colleges, in order to stand up for what they believed to be “right”. By 1970, many Americans believed sending troops to Vietnam was a mistake, however there were also various individuals becoming increasingly critical of the student antiwar movement
The late sixties were a time of turmoil in the United States. It was a transition period between the psychedelic sixties and the revolutionary seventies. The youth of the United States was becoming increasingly aware of the politics of war, the draft and other general misuses of governmental power. With the Democratic National Convention being held in Chicago during 1968, political tensions were running high throughout the city. Numerous protests were held during the time surrounding the convention in protest of President Lyndon B. Johnson’s policies on the Vietnam War.
The emergence of the American counter culture in the 1960s was directly connected to the youth of the generation. They vehemently opposed fundamental economic, social, and political doctrines, which they believed previous generations of Americans blindly accepted. The anti-establishment crusade of the counter culture created a Civil War like divide with in the country between traditionalist and reformist. Because the cultural movement was led by young people who opposed authority, traditionalist belittled reformist by attaching a stigma of rebellious adolescent behavior to their cause. Traditionalist ignored the core message of social
The movement started after the assassination of President Kennedy, led to protests against the Vietnam War, civil rights movement, usage of psychoactive drugs, sexual liberation, a new taste in music, such as the rock genre from bands like The Beatles, and more. This generation in the 60’s began the ideas of peace, love, harmony, freedom and community. They were associated with energetic, vibrant colors and spreading peace signs such as, “Make love, not war”. The movement originated in San Francisco, New York City, Chicago, and many other prime cities. Later, they went on to spark new beginnings in other countries such as Canada and England.
Songs of peace and harmony were chanted throughout protests and anti-war demonstrations, America’s youth was changing rapidly. Never before had the younger generation been so outspoken. Fifty thousand flower children and hippies traveled to San Francisco for the "Summer of Love," with the Beatles’ hits song, "Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band" (listen) as their light in the dark. The largest anti-war demonstration in history was held when 25,000 people marched from the Capitol to the Washington Monument, once again, showing the unity of youth.1
The Free Speech Movement was a college campus phenomenon inspired first by the struggle for civil rights and later fueled by opposition to the Vietnam War. (The Free Speech Movement) The Free Speech Movement sparked an unprecedented wave of student activism and involvement, one of such a great multitude that the college administration had no idea what to do with this entire activist, fighting and protesting for the same cause. (The Free Speech Movement.) With the administration not knowing what to do they banned all on campus political activities, out of fear that something bad was going to happen. (The Free Speech Movement) With this ban on political activities on campus a alumni of Berkeley set up a table right in the center of campus proper, with political information. (The Free Speech Movement) An Oakland Tribune reporter found out that this political activity was taking place on the campus proper; when word reached the camp...
The Free Speech Movement protested the ban of on campus political activities and speeches. Thousands of students became involved in this protest and together they displayed how much power there was in student activism. In the fall of 1964, the Regents of the university enforced a new ban that blocked students from holding political activities at Sproul Plaza on Bancroft and Telegraph. This was unsettling to them because the Bancroft Strip was a key location that students occupied when trying to reach out, raise funds and speak up for what they believed in. Previous policies suggested that student life outside of the university wouldn't be tampered or interfered with, so this was an outrage to the students of UC Berkeley. When the regents took time to revise and tweak the ban, students were still unhappy with the decision, so a sit in at Sproul Hall was organized and it lasted for nearly 10 hours.
During the sixties Americans saw the rise of the counterculture. The counterculture, which was a group of movements focused on achieving personal and cultural liberation, was embraced by the decade’s young Americans. Because many Americans were members of the different movements in the counterculture, the counterculture influenced American society. As a result of the achievements the counterculture movements made, the United States in the 1960s became a more open, more tolerant, and freer country.
The Hippie Movement changed the politics and the culture in America in the 1960s. When the nineteen fifties turned into the nineteen sixties, not much had changed, people were still extremely patriotic, the society of America seemed to work together, and the youth of America did not have much to worry about, except for how fast their car went or what kind of outfit they should wear to the Prom. After 1963, things started to slowly change in how America viewed its politics, culture, and social beliefs, and the group that was in charge of this change seemed to be the youth of America. The Civil Rights Movement, President Kennedy’s death, new music, the birth control pill, the growing illegal drug market, and the Vietnam War seemed to blend together to form a new counterculture in America, the hippie.
American society and culture experienced an awakening during the 1960s as a result of the diverse civil rights, economic, and political issues it was faced with. At the center of this revolution was the American hippie, the most peculiar and highly influential figure of the time period. Hippies were vital to the American counterculture, fueling a movement to expand awareness and stretch accepted values. The hippies’ solutions to the problems of institutionalized American society were to either participate in mass protests with their alternative lifestyles and radical beliefs or drop out of society completely.
The 1960s and 1970s were a period of counterculture in the Western world and a time in which anti-establishment sentiments flourished. This cultural phenomenon first sprouted in the United States and the United Kingdom and quickly spread throughout the Western world between the early 1960s and the mid-1970s. This generation is often regarded as the protest generation, where people battled the government for issues such as civil rights, women’s and gay rights and the end of the Vietnam War. Simultaneously this period saw the emergence of new intellectual movements of social revolutionaries, such as the New Left and the Situationist International, which developed in response to the political and economic crises of this time. Part of the development
The Counterculture movement began in 1964, when North Vietnamese torpedo boats attacked two U.S. destroyers. President Johnson ordered the retaliatory bombing of military targets in North Vietnam (Vietnam War Protests). A few months later, people began to question the rationale of fighting the war. People questioned joining the war in Vietnam due to our position in the Cold War. Both America and the Soviets had nuclear weapons, but neither country could afford an all out war. By starting another war with Vietnam that would mean placing more stress on the military forces. With two wars going on, that would require more man power. This problem introduced the draft. Many people of the counterculture movement opposed this, because they didn’t believe in fighting in a war that they didn’t support. Young men tore up their draft cards, or signed up as conscientious objectors. A conscientious objector is someone who doesn...
The sixties was a decade of liberation and revolution, a time of great change and exciting exploration for the generations to come. It was a time of anti-war protests, free love, sit-ins, naked hippie chicks and mind-altering drugs. In big cities such as San Francisco, Los Angeles, New York and Paris, there was a passionate exchange of ideas, fiery protests against the Vietnam War, and a time for love, peace and equality. The coming together of like-minded people from around the world was spontaneous and unstoppable. This group of people, which included writers, musicians, thinkers and tokers, came to be known as the popular counterculture, better known as hippies. The dawning of the Age of Aquarius in the late sixties was more than just a musical orgy. It was a time of spiritual missions to fight for change and everything they believed in. Freedom, love, justice, equality and peace were at the very forefront of this movement (West, 2008). Some wore beads. Some had long hair. Some wore tie-dye and others wore turtle-neck sweaters. The Hippie generation was a wild bunch, to say the least, that opened the cookie jar of possibilities politically, sexually, spiritually and socially to forever be known as one of the most memorable social movements of all time (Hippie Generation, 2003).
The counterculture movement in 1960s influenced people to go against the norm of mainstream society. This movement changed people’s political, race and morality views. The counterculture movement brought along the Anti-war Movement against Vietnam and also some different views about the Civil Rights Movement. The Vietnam War was said to be fought to stop the spread of Communism, although they were fighting for a good cause America had very little support in their fight.