OCEANIC CRUST Introduction: Oceanic crust is the outermost layer of Earth above the mantle. It is the part of the Earth’s crust which makes up the Ocean Floor. It is basically the uppermost layer of the oceanic portion of a tectonic plate and lies on top of the solidified and uppermost layer of the mantle. Division: It can be partitioned into two types: • Continental crust • Oceanic crust Composition: The oceanic crust is more dense, thin and simpler in structure as compared to the continental
constructive plate margins/divergent plate boundaries, oceanic intraplate and continental intraplate. Arcs are magmatic products of destructive plate margins (stern, 2001) which are referred to as sites where new continental crust is created and old oceanic crust is subducted back into the mantle (Hawkesworth , Hergt, McDermott, Ellam, 1991). An island arc is a form of an arc produced by the subduction of an oceanic plate beneath another oceanic plate (Hu, 2013). Island arcs are characterised by
material would then heat up and the cycle would begin again. It is believed that the Earth’s Crust flows with the currents. 5. Mantle: The Mantle is the middle layer of the Earth. The average temperature is about 1000 degrees celsius. The Earth’s Mantle is made up of iron, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, oxygen, and silicate compounds. The Mantle is about 1800 miles thick. It is much denser than the Crust. The Earth’s Mantle is mostly composed of silicate rocks, rich in iron and magnesium. 6. Outer
composed of magnesium and iron silicates. The outermost layer is that of the crust, it has the lowest density of all the layers and can be separated further as its thickness varies greatly from place to place, with the difference being distinguished by land and sea and also its composition. For this reason the core is subdivided into the continental crust (average thickness 45km with a granitic composition) and the oceanic crust (average thickness 8km with a basaltic composition)¹. Similarly the core
“Science, my lad, has been built upon many errors; but they are errors which it was good to fall into, for they led to the truth.” Journey to the center of the earth by Jules Verne is a science fiction that tell the story of a man Axel discovering a deciphered text, his strong head uncle Professor Lidenbrock, a man intelligent in science and Hans Bjelke, a Danish speaking Icelander and well hunter.Once Axel reveals the code to his uncle the Professor, he departs for Iceland immediately. He takes
After decoding a scrap of paper he found in an old book, Professor Hardwigg decides to take a journey. A "Journey to the Center of the Earth" that the paper says is possible. Brushing aside the concerns of his nephew Harry about the temperature of the earth's interior, the professor makes Harry come with him on the journey. They gather the needed supplies and depart two days later for Mt. Sneffels in Iceland, the point through which they can gain access to the core of the earth. With the Icelander
Explain how the slab component is generated in island arc igneous rocks. Consider both the fore-arc and back-arc basin environments Island arcs form as oceanic plate subducts under oceanic plate. Volcanism is concentrated in an arc of volcanoes, generally approximately located above the leading edge of the subducting plate. A trench often forms where the slabs meet and subduction begins. On the non subducting slab a series of basins form, with a fore-arc basin nearest the subduction/trench, then
Rubin, an assistant professor of geology at the University of Hawaii. Explains that the Earth is made up of an accumulation of all of the known elements combined in different forms to make the various rocks, and minerals that are present in the crust, mantle, and core of the Earth. With the understanding of these elements and their properties we can begin to make judgments on the harder to observe questions, like that of the Earth’s interior make up. Knowing the properties allows for the determination
the Earth¡¦s sections are made up of different compositions, and how do we know that the physical state of each layer is what it is?The outmost layer of the Earth is the crust, this is what we stand on and covers the earth entirely. It is made up of many different rocks and minerals, we know that the composition of the Earth¡¦s crust is generally the same due to the mines and boreholes that humans have made down into it. Mines that have been dug go down and still bring up valuable minerals that can
Cherectirs: Liu os e pirsun thet nivir govis ap un gittong sumithong thet hi biloivis shuald bi hos, Huw “ Hi luukid eruand fur hos guld naggit” And hi nivir gevi ap un luukong fur ot. Alsu liu nivir lokis tu lievi enyuni bihond huw hi sevid hos froinds/nut su guud froinds frum thi thi fori on thi baoldong, Thiy wuald uf doid elmust of ot wesn’t fur Liu. Hi sevis guud ur mien, Whoch o thuaght wes pritty cuul end noci, And es e goft gays gevi liu thi seck qaockly end lit hom hevi hos guld naggit wholi
understood. Although earthquake can be the result of sea-floor spreading, volcano eruptions and plate tectonics, the great majority of earthquakes are caused by sudden movement or the large blocks of the earth's crust near the surface along lines called faults. When the stress that develops in the crust becomes too big for the rock to support, one side of vibrations that transmit waves which travel for long distances through the interior of the earth or along surface. The energy released by an earthquake
Dolphins are highly intelligent mammals that encompass the world. A part of the Odontoceti a parvorder of the infraorder Cetacea, they are related to orcas, beluga and pilot whales. A majority of dolphins live in salt water and are considered oceanic dolphins which tend to congregate in shallow waters of the continental shelf but, there are a handful of species that have been known to thrive in freshwater and can be spotted in rivers. Being carnivores, they can be spotted hunting for squid and various
Koppen Climate System a. The characteristics that are used to distinguish between categories are the temperature of the area and how much precipitation falls on average. b. Climate zones are very closely related to global biomes, but don’t always entirely overlap. They’re closely related because they’re “designed to overlap with distinct Vegetative Regions of the world.” It’s also due to the fact that weather plays a huge part in whether or not plants can survive in
Analysis of Dolphins Aristotle once wrote, “The voice of the dolphin in the air is like that of the human in that they can pronounce vowels and combinations of vowels, but have difficulties with the constants.” The dolphin is one amazing creature. Dolphins, whales and porpoises are all related. I am going to talk about all aspects off the dolphin from evolution and vocalization to behavior and intelligence. Dolphin fossils have been found dating back to 45-50 million years ago, which was during
What is a dolphin? A dolphin is an aquatic mammal. There are a various amount of species of dolphins,who eat a large variety of food,and can live in several different environments. There are thirty-two different species of oceanic dolphins and five different species of river dolphins. River dolphins live in Ganges River, Chinese River, Amazon River, and the Indus River ("Dolphins." -and-more.com). There are only four species of river dolphin alive because one is extinct. These dolphins don't only
Geography assessment: How to save the coast Introduction: Manly Beach is one of Australia’s most iconic and popular beaches with it spaning 1.5km long, it is located 16km north east of the Sydney CBD. Like many other beautiful beaches along the Australian coast, Manly is threatened by climate changes that lead to sea level rises resulting in shoreline recession and coastal erosions. This report will discuss the physical, environmental, economic and social impact of these problems. 1.1 Direct
Introduction In this fieldwork report, I will be discussing the relevance on Docklands in Melbourne, explaining the reasoning behind gradual changes, and answering how Docklands has remained sustainable and why. Docklands has undergone numerous changes to its infrastructure, environment and purpose in Melbourne. Formerly, Docklands served under a more industrialised economic structure. It was once common for generations of families to be born into working on the Docklands. Since 1983, there have
Collaroy 2097 Summary There is a lovely Northern Beaches suburb in Sydney called Collaroy. Sydney CBD commuters like living in Collaroy for its beach access, golfing, tennis, fabulous water views, and friendly neighbours. Collaroy is home to a diverse aquatic animal and bird wildlife population such as the Australian Magpie, King Parrot, Superb Fairy-wren, and the football anemone. The Long Reef Headland of Collaroy is a wildlife refuge for these animals and birds. The Long Reef Golf Club and Collaroy
1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background Australia's coastline stretches for more than 30 000 km (refer to Figure 1), but unfortunately it is gradually disappearing due to erosion and coastal management issues. This is not only an issue to Australia but to its people as over 85% of Australians live and rely on the coast to keep there houses stable. Thus, this makes coastal management crucial in sustaining Australia’s coastline. 1.2 Aims The Gold Coast is a prime example of where coastal erosion is present
INTRODUCTION This report thoroughly details the present and future uses and management of The Spit and how these developments may affect the Gold Coast community, culturally, economically, politically, environmentally and socially. Throughout the report, primary and secondary evidence will be provided justifying if the Queensland Government made the right decision of rejecting the ASF Integrated Resort proposal. This report will discuss existing countermeasures used to preserve the Spit, natural