Smilowitz, Zivkovic, & Watkins, 2007) o size 100 µm in diameter x 1 µm depth (Suzuki, Shinohara, Ohsaki, & Fujimoto, 2011); molecular • Phenomics- study of the genotype-phenotype relationship (Schilling, Edwards, & Palsson, 1999) o cellular • Metabolomics- the study of the interactions of organisms with their environment by looking at metabolites (Bundy, Davey, & Viant, 2008) o Cellular, community, and ecosystem The list above contains parts, in terms of the way a microorganism interacts wit...
Executive Summary The current study illustrates about the important roles and the applications of bioinformatics, proteomics and genomics in biotechnology. The study clearly describes that bioinformatics, proteomics and genomics play significant roles in drug discovery and designing, agriculture, developing personalized medicines, biomarkers and in many other areas which will be highly useful in the present and also for the future generations of living organisms. Finally, the study also highlights
I am applying to Assistant Professor of Microbiology. My knowledge and previous work experiences are both relevant and significant for the job description and person specification provided. I believe that my education and professional background equip me with the necessary skills and experience to positively influence the students. I have been passionate about working in higher education for many years. I first became interested in tutoring through my employment as a research assistant at the University
Engineers are developing new systems to use genetic information, sense small changes in the body, assess new drugs, and deliver vaccines. Doctors have always known that people differ in susceptibility to disease and response to medicines. But, with little guidance for understanding and adjusting to individual differences, treatments developed have generally been standardized for the many, rather than the few. Besides physical appearance, genes give rise to distinct chemistries in various realms of
functions and traits. This includes all plant associated microbe habitats such as rhizosphere, spermosphere (seed surface), phyllosphere (leaf surface), and the stem microbiome. Recent application of microbial metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metabolomics to plants and their surroundings confirm a key role of mycorrhizal fungi, rhizosphere bacteria and fungi in determining the make-up of rhizosphere microbial community and suggest a world of hitherto undiscovered interactions in the rhizosphere
oils better than others for protection against liver disease http://oregonstate.edu/ua/ncs/archives/2013/feb/some-omega-3-oils-better-others-protection-against-liver-disease Depner CM, Traber MG, Bobe G, Kensicki E, Bohren KM, et al. (2013) A Metabolomic Analysis of Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Mediated Attenuation of Western Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in LDLR-/- Mice. PLoS ONE 8(12): e83756. http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0083756 Oregon State University.
The unique insight brought by the ENCODE project has lead to several revolutionary ideas for the inter workings of genetics on the molecular scale; however, there has been much controversy over the projects findings throughout the scientific community. The ENCODE project states “The vast majority (80.4%) of the human genome participates in at least one biochemical RNA-and/or chromatin-associated event in at least one cell type” (The ENCODE Project Consortium). This statement claims the functionality
Aim of education should be to teach us rather how to think, than what to think rather to improve our minds, so as to enable us to think for ourselves, than to load the Memory with thoughts of other men. - Bill Beattie Having a strong zeal for research oriented study from my college days; the above quote always inspired and encouraged me. I have been blessed to have parents who instilled me with good values and principles. They always have supported me in accomplishing the goals I have set forth
The often cited idiom ‘gut instinct’ is actually a deeply rooted scientific fact. Scientific evidence has demonstrated that there is a logical explanation as to why our stomach is so sensitive to emotion. Bacteria in our bodies have been shown to essentially manipulate the brain, with the interconnections between the gut, brain, immune, and hormonal systems impossible to unravel. The human microbiome is the collective ensemble of a wide diversity and density of living micro organisms found both
of this greatly limit the usage of this to comprehend the specifics. Through the advancement of the analytical techniques we can move into the regime where the details play a major role in understanding life sciences, for example in the field of metabolomics. It involves the determination of a small set of molecules known as metabolites with the molecular weights typically in the range lesser than 2500Da in organisms or cells. In contrast to genomics involving the combinations of gene or protein alphabet
Food advertisements, soft drinks, the growth of fast food restaurants, and the increase in portion sizes at cheaper prices are the changes that negatively influence the United States in term of health problems. Over the past few decades, obesity has been the main nutritional problem and has become one of the most critical health concerns in America. According to recent statistics, approximately one third of American adults are obese in which they have a body mass index (BMI which can be calculated
Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 28(S4), 9-17. 22. Cani, P. D., Everard, A., & Duparc, T. (2013). Gut microbiota, enteroendocrine functions and metabolism. Current Opinion in Pharmacology, 13(6), 935-940. 23. Xie, G., Zhang, S., Zheng, X., & Jia, W. (2013). Metabolomics approaches for characterizing metabolic interactions between host and its commensal microbes. Electrophoresis, 34(19), 2787-2798. 24. Chassard, C., & Lacroix, C. (2013). Carbohydrates and the human gut microbiota. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition
1.1 What is the microbiome The human microbiome is the collective ensemble of a wide diversity and density of living micro organisms found both in and on the human body (i.e. the collective genome of the human microbiota). Its relevance has become so important as of late that is has taken its place at the top of 21st century scientific discoveries. (Ash 2014) It consists of mostly bacteria but also includes some archaea, fungi, viruses and protozoa. The main microbiome communities active in the body
Herbicides are chemicals that kill plants. Some plants are genetically modified to resist the application of herbicides. Herbicides are developed to be efficient against numerous target weeds, but it will not kill GM crops. Weeds must be controlled for they might have a huge impact on the crop yield . By the introduction of a new gene into a plant susceptible to herbicides, one can increased the tolerance of the plant towards the herbicide (Ahmad et al. 2012). De Freitas et al. introduced an anti-apoptotic