The Support of Research of that Privation in Infancy will Have Adverse Effects on Later Development There are many research studies to consider which have supported the claim that privation in infancy will have adverse effects on later development. Firstly, it is important to consider the dissimilarity between deprivation and privation. In Bowlby's maternal deprivation hypothesis, he stated that a child who is depressed of emotional care will suffer permanent consequences in terms of mental health. Rutter (1981), in his book maternal deprivation reassessed, criticised this view of deprivation because it did not make clear whether the child's attachment bond had formed but been broken, or in fact had never formed in the first place. Rutter's view of deprivation was that latter would have potentially far more serious consequences for the child then the former. He therefore used the term privation to refer to situations where the child fails to develop, but through prolonged or traumatic separations us disrupted or lost. Privation may be evident if the primary caregiver is 'lost' prior to the development of an attachment bond and no substitute caregiver is available. This may happen in conditions of abuse and neglect, or in other conditions of inconsistent or inadequate parental care. Through the course of history there have been cases recorded where individual children have been raised in conditions of extreme isolation - and privation, i.e apparently lacking emotional care. Two of the best-known cases are those of Genie and of the Czech twins. Genie was a locked up in her room by her father until she was 13 ½ years old. This was a case of isolation. She had no contact with the outside world. When genie was found, she couldn't stand up straight and also could not speak as a result of no contact with any one. As a result, Genie did not fully recover, socially or in terms of being able to speak properly. She also lacked social responsiveness. Because of her lack of recovery, this could have been because of early emotional privation or this could have been because of the fact that
Imagine having no emotional response to a situation or experience in life. Imagine not being able to cry at
The effects of this experience, although unethical in its approach to conduct experiment without knowledge to the parents it does not rise to the level of harm. It can, however, be argued that it has had an effect on them emotionally and perhaps they may experience further complications, but far greater atrocities have occurred in the name of science and in this particular case, no credible data ever developed from this experiment due to it being
Subsequently, the author questions the level of care and produced anxiety that they received within the correctional facility in the late 1950s (Finance Committee, 2013). According to Farmer (2009), “[The child’s] sensitive developmental period (i.e. more sensitive to environmental input) is primarily in utero, and insults that occur during this third trimester of pregnancy can adversely affect brainstem functions (e.g., sleep, feeding, self-soothing)” (p. 89).
Field T., Hernandez-Reif M., Diego M., et al, Massage therapy by parents improves early growth and development. Infant Behav Deve, 2004; 27, 435-442.
It has been proven that a child’s early years are the peak at which the mind can bend and shape, creating the foundation for a life. We know now that even before birth, the mind is a delicate matter that if improperly taken care of could alter a person’s entire life. Nourishment and stimulation before and after the birth of a child mold’s the brain in its most malleable state. Medical and scientific institutes paired with parenting information organizations have made information readily available for parents, childcare providers, and students to advise them of the importance of childhood brain development. This information is not only critical for the child, but for the person they will become in the future.
...hild. Lastly, this process of child rearing would not be able to take place in a present day setting. If a parent were to allow a child to put itself in pain, then the parent would have to suffer the charges of child abuse and negligence.
It is important to remember there are several factors to consider when dealing with the subject of prison nurseries. From the medical costs of maintaining both the mothers and their newborns in prison, to the liability of how a prison setting may hinder the infant’s development, determining the pros and cons it is not an easy task. A five-year study on infants raised in a prison nursery (Byrne at al., 2010) showed that infants can be raised securely attached to their mothers, even in a prison setting. However, this study also concludes by stating that the development of attachment relationship is a fragile one and ongoing. It requires the participation of not only the mothers, but also of the future caregivers. This study also acknowledges that it was limited by the small nu...
The first two years of a infants development is crucial. They are dependent on their caregivers to provide them with enough nutrition, nurturing, attention, love, and experiences to not only learn about their surrounding world but how to interact with it. Without these experiences a babies brain isn’t given the chance to grow and develop the way that is was designed to. Unfortunately in many circumstances if these experiences don’t happen early on children suffer
..., L. L., Groer, M. W., & Younger, M. S. (2003). The behavioral effects of gentle human touch on preterm infants. Nursing Science Quarterly, 16(1), p60-67. Retrieved from http://www.capellauniversity.edu/library/12593316
“If you think about the brain and the brain development if we don’t stimulate the brain then of course there is going to be lack of development.” (“Unruh”). Development is sempiternal in life, it moves through many stages into life such as learning to grasp a fork properly to grasping the thought of death. General development stages begin at birth and last till about age of 18, but the most important development stages start from birth and last till about six years of age. These early stages will affect how one will behave, interpret, and learn throughout the duration of one’s life. While bodily changes are rapidly occurring and the beginning of thought, opinion, and reason are just forming. It is important to understand as future parents or caregivers how and when their child, even if premature, is developing socially, cognitively, or physically.
On November 4, 1970 in Los Angeles, California Genie’s condition was brought to attention by a social worker. The worker discovered the 13-year old girl in a small, dimly lit, confined bedroom. An investigation by authorities exposed that the child had spent most of her life in this room and typically was tied to a potty chair. Genie was found in diapers because she was not potty trained. Her case is an example of extreme isolation from human contact, society, sunlight, and any other environments besides her room. The deprivation of attachment showed when she was timid to humans, almost afraid. Someone whose life was a developmental nightmare could not possibly be expected to have the basic trust that the world is trustworthy and predictable. The life she lived was incredibly horrifying as morals, and psychology portray just how severe the consequences were on Genie.
A newborn child’s physical and motor development is an evident progression throughout their first years and later in life. A child’s motor development is more of a slower progress, from going to gross motor skills to more fine motor skills in a few months while physical development is an apparent process. The environment affects children in their physical and motor growth, as they learn and adapt to new stimuli everyday as they develop. Separately, these developments start at different times, but function hand in hand as a child grows. Physical development is apparent at conception, early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence; while motor development
In the developing stages of a child, psychological factors play a huge role in th...
The extended period of physical immaturity serves helpful purposes for the human species. The limited motor capabilities that are endured by infants and young children make the child more dependent on the caregivers, and as a result this prevents the infants from wandering far from the caregiver. The extended period of physical immaturity serves as a survival advantage in that a child will remain close to his/her caregiver due to necessity. A specific physical immaturity that signifies the benefit of depending on caregivers for an extended period of time is the presence of baby teeth at the age of 7. Children are still ...
In this report I will be discussing the development issues about prenatal development, and the newborn. Developmental psychology is basically a psychology study that focuses on the cognitive, physical, and social change throughout our life span. In prenatal development we learn about nature and nurture, continuity and stages, and stability and change. Prenatal Development is the process in which babies develop from one single cell after making a baby into an Embryo and later on a fetus . An Embryo is the process of a human organism for about approximately 2 weeks after the fertilization though the second month.