Getulio Vargas could be the most important protagonist of Brazil’s twentieth century history. He came to power in a 1930 coup that signalled the end of the Brazilian’s first republic, then as a dictator in an authoritarian regime (The Estado Novo 1937-1945). He brought social and economic changes that helped modernize the country. Hentshke stated that “Vargas was the moderniser of the economy, unifier of the nation, organiser of the state and father of the poor”. To what extent is this quotation a true description of Getulio Vargas and the military years. Vargas ruled by decree until he was elected president by a newly formed constituent assembly under a new constitution in 1934. The 10th of November he uses the rumours of a communist uprising to stage a Coup d’Etat and launch his corporatist Estado Novo that lasted until 1945. Vargas …show more content…
He thought that if the country were to progress that the Indians (a symbol of Brasilidade) should gain the benefits. Many ordinary Brazilians saw him as a defender of their interests, they saw him as a “man of the people “. For instance, he put into place a wage law minimum and new labour legislation that had the effect of bringing the urban working class into the national political arena. This was important to establish a unified society. However, when sentimentality and self-promotion are stripped away, Vargas’s actual record shows less sympathy for the poor. He concentrated most of his actions in urban sectors and left the vast reaches of the interior country untouched, including national electrification and the expansion of public health services and education. The 1934 Constitution created a system of labour tribunals in which the unions came under the control of the Ministry of Labour and lost their independent standing, moreover strikes under the Estado Novo were classified as crimes
Diaz gradually consolidated his power by first legitimizing consecutive re-election in 1887 to the Constitution of 1867 and then removing all restriction on future re-election to public office which gave him legal endorsement to the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seven re-election until 1910 (98).
Eventually, his popularity started to drop. People where then looking for anyway to take him out of office. Once he realized that his presidency was being threatened he did everything in his power to ensure he won. That is until “People started noticing that he was rigging elections” (Source b2). “In 1910 Francisco Madero ran for presidency” (Source c2) the same year that Porfirio Diaz promised that there would be free elections.
Time and rules have been transforming countries in many ways; especially, in the 1850’s and the 1920’s, when liberals were firmly in control across Latin American region. Liberalism can be defined as a dominant political philosophy in which almost every Latin American country was affected. A sense of progress over tradition, reason over faith, and free market over government control. Although each country was different, all liberals pursued similar policies. They emphasize on legal equality for all citizens, progress, free trade, anti-slavery, and removing power from church. Liberals declared promising changes for Latin American’s future. But Latin America had a stronger hierarchical society with more labor systems, nothing compare to the United States societies. Liberals weren’t good for Latin America. What I mean by “good” is the creation of a turning point or some type of contribution towards success. I define “good” as beneficial or helpful. The Latin American economy was stagnant between 1820 and 1850 because of independence wars, transportation and the recreation of facilities. I describe this era as, “the era when Latin America when off road”.
By that point in time the Brazilian music scene was split into two. One side consisted of the traditionalists who were supported by both the conservative establishment as well as the leftist opposition, led by intellectuals, the cultural elite and students. They opposed all foreign influences on Brazilian music. Most artists at the time either supported or followed the “rules” set by the traditionalists. The other side were those who were fans of English and American music (Perrone, Dunn 96-97).
The Times favored the democratic concepts professed by the middle class. A wave of freedom of speech, press, and assembly engulfed much of Latin America and bathed the middle class with satisfaction. New political parties emerged to represent broader segments of the population. Democracy, always a fragile plant anywhere, seemed ready to blossom throughout Latin America. Nowhere was this change more amply illustrated than in Guatemala, where Jorge Ubico ruled as dictator from 1931 until 1944.
There was a huge revolution in the country of Mexico that started in the year 1910, led by Porfirio Diaz, the president of Mexico in 1910. In the 1860’s Diaz was important to Mexican politics and then was elected president in 1877. Diaz said that he would only be president for one year and then would resign, but after four years he was re-elected as the President of Mexico. Porfirio Diaz and the Mexican revolution had a huge impact on the country of Mexico that is still felt in some places today.
Filh, Alfredo Saad. "Neoliberalism, Democracy, and Development Policy in Brazil." DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIETY June 2010: 1-28.
He was succeeded by his son, Luis Somoza Debayle, who first served out his father's term and was then elected in his own right. For four years after the end of his tenure, close associates, rather than the Somozas themselves, held the presidency. Then, in 1967, Anastasio Somoza Debayle, younger son of the former dictator, was elected president. A military-minded autocrat, he repressed opposition with the aid of the National Guard. In August 1971, the legislature abrogated the constitution and dissolved itself.
The Second Spanish Republic was founded on April 14, 1931 with popular support. However, politics quickly became severely polarized to the Left or Right between 1931 and July 18, 1936. In the 1933 general election, CEDA (The Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right) which was founded by Gil Robles after fascist models made coalitions and garnered the largest support. (Preston 18, 62) In 1934...
Despite his mischievous conduct, he was a self-disciplined student and had a great deal of Spanish pride which he learned from his teachers as well as his priest (Source F). Political uprising was a well accepted idea of Castro’s, on July 26, 1953 he formed the twenty-sixth of July movement and led one hundred and sixty revolutionaries on a “suicidal“ attack on the Moncada Military Barracks to spark popular uprise (source F &D). Many factors led to the rise of Castro’s power, but finally after popular up-rises and other communistic approaches like the overthrowing the military dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista, led to him being sworn in as Cuba’s prime minister and took power in the winter of 1958 (source A & F).
Throughout the fourteen years that remained in power Chávez followed strategy of introducing a socialist government in Venezuela in stages. According to Enrique Standish in the article titled “Venezuela Finally Turns Communist” it happened in four stages. The first stage consisted of obtaining t...
The history of political instability in Mexico and its need for revolution is very complex and dates back to the colonization of Mexico by the Spaniards in the 1500s. However, many aspects of the social situation of Mexico when the Revolution broke out can be attributed to the thirty-year dictatorship of President Porfrio Diaz, prior to 1911. The Revolution began in November of 1910 in an effort to overthrow the Diaz dictatorship. Under the Diaz presidency, a small minority of people, primarily relatives and friends, were in ...
Plaque by epochal events such as the creation of the Portuguese capital, the port for trades, and political crisis. The nineteenth century was a political and social turning point for Brazil. The purpose of this essay is to give an in-depth knowledge of Brazil in the nineteenth century. Whether it was as the building of the Portuguese Empire, the rise of the Brazilian economy and the end of the slave trade. Brazil in the nineteenth century was defined by momentous changes.
“In 1963, a military coup ousted Bosch and installed a civilian triumvirate. People rebelled against the new regimen, and in April of 1965, the US president Lyndon Johnson sent in marines and troops. After a cease-fire a month later a compromise was installed Hector Garcia-Godoy as provisional president. Then in 1966, his right-wing candidate Joaquin Balaguer won in a free election against the Bosch, and the US troops withdrew (Pearson Education, 2012).
Pinheiro P. S., 2002, The Paradox of Democracy in Brazil vol. III, issue 1, University of Sao Paulo