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What is the sociological imagination of Forrest Gump and why is it important
Voltaire critics on religion
Voltaire thoughts on religion
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Society is corrupt in many diverse customs. Corruptions of religion, morals, government and cruelty of society are issues that are faced on a daily basis. Voltaire, the author of Candide, and Robert Zemeckis, the director of "Forrest Gump", both use overly naïve protagonists to demonstrate their views of the world.
Corruptions within religion are a prevalent theme in both Candide and “Forrest Gump”. Voltaire throughout his novel has several exposés which reveal the corruption and hypocrisy of the church. One of these exposés is the old woman's story of her father, Pope Urban X (popes being sworn to celibacy), and the life of wealth she lived as a child shows the corruption of the Catholic clergy. Voltaire using the Pope to be a father opposed to a priest or cardinal, also sworn to celibacy, is an indication of his belief that the Catholic clergy are corrupt throughout the entire hierarchy including “god’s representative on earth” only to show the intensity of the corruption. Voltaire’s commentary also extends to comment on the wealth in which the old woman lived in, while the rest of people lived in poverty. Zemeckis within “Forrest Gump” also explores the corruption of religion an example of this is when Lt. Dan Taylor says:
That's what these cripples, down at the V.A ... that’s all they ever talk about. Jesus this and Jesus that, have I found Jesus? They even have a priest come and talk to me. He said God is listening, but I have to help myself. Now, if I accept Jesus into my heart, I'll get to walk beside him in the Kingdom of Heaven. Did you hear what I said?! Walk...beside him in the Kingdom of Heaven. Well, kiss my crippled ass. God is listening. What a crock of shit. (Forrest Gump)
Lt. Taylor is expressing his frustrati...
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... of people. Due to Forrest’s naïve nature he doesn’t seem to have any repercussions of the war although the movie does show the atrocities that happened. The use of naïve characters seems to be affective in making the audience sympathise with the protagonist and then being able to use the protagonist to prove social commentaries.
Both Voltaire and Zemeckis use their stories to create social opinions which are pessimistic in their nature. The stories reveal the nature of society and its many corruptible aspects. Both stories use innocents to over exaggerate and clearly show the monstrosities of the world. Religion, Morals, politic and cruelty are used and corrupted for self-perseverance at the expense of others. Both Voltaire and Zemeckis use their overly naïve characters to make their commentary and hopefully cause a pensive attitude towards society and its values.
The author, Voltaire, wrote in the Enlightenment period, a literary movement characterized by the rising concern of philosophy, science, and politics. Voltaire’s writing was influenced by the Enlightenment movement to create awareness of global issues. This is evident in the repeated tragedies Candide stumbles upon. Social issues, corrupt authority figures, and war are real world topics that Voltaire chooses to address in Candide. The satirical nature of Candide allows for an in-depth discussion between the characters regarding the problems they face and the problems of the people they meet, creating a perspective that the audience is forced to look through. It is also a coming of age story, not just for Candide, but for the rising awareness in global issues. Voltaire’s inclusion of the issues of his time reflect the severity of those issues. Satire is used as a reaction to a society’s hypocrisy. Candide as a satirical piece reflects what people have neglected to pay attention to. Coming into a new era of awareness and responsibility leads Candide to reflect on the live he lived in Westphalia and the people he encountered across
Voltaire had a very opposite point of view in that he saw a world of needless pain and suffering all around him. Voltaire, a deist, believed that God created the world, yet he felt that the people were living in a situation that was anything but perfect. Thus, the major theme of Candide is one of the world not being the best of all possibilities, full of actions definitely not determined by reason or order, but by chance and coincidence.
...th of its characters. For Aeschylus, successful civilization defines itself not by complete devotion to Fate or the gods, instead, society forms "the ultimate product of conflict between opposing forces" in which violence and antisocial behaviour are repressed through a "hierarchization of values". Candide addresses issues about human nature that other stories might choose to ignore, such as optimism, as well as religion and state. These elements give such an insight and a perspective that most readers do not usually get in every day literature. Whereas highly controversial, Voltaire always writes from an honest point of view. He never tries to be politically correct – he tells it like it is or at least the way he perceives them to be. Not only does Voltaire address the ignorance of mankind, but also directly challenges the integrity of the church and state.
Voltaire’s Candide is a satirical novel that addresses common issues in society through a series of outrageous events. Voltaire, the author, wrote about Candide who is extremely naïve and views the world from an optimistic point of view despite the constant troubles him and the people around him encounter. Voltaire points out specific struggles of society including views on philosophy, religion, social power, love, etc. He uses the outrageous events to awaken laughter in the audience but also spark thought on the issues we face in life every day. For example, Candide is stuck on the philosophical standpoint that everything in life happens for a reason and for the overall good. In chapter 16 of the novel, Candide assumes two naked women were being attacked by monkeys, so he proceeds to kill them in hope of saving the women. However, Candide was not aware that the monkeys were actually the girls’ lovers. “Master,” replied the knowing valet, “you have
According to Voltaire, Man's goal is his own happiness. This goal all too often is a mirage. (Gay 26) Man is the prey of his own passion, victim of his own stupidity. Man is the play thing of fate. (Gay 26) The human condition is set with ills that no amount of rationality can cure. (Gay 27) This human condition translates to human corruption. Voltaire hints of this corruption through Candide. Candide impacted society as Voltaire knew it. English Admirals that loose battles are no longer shot as object lessons in military perseverance. (Weitz 11)
Voltaire's Candide uses anti-heroism as an object of mockery against the philosophers of the Enlightenment. Candide, the hero of the novel travels around the world where he encounters many difficulties. During his travels, he sticks to the teaching of his tutor, Doctor Pangloss, believing that "everything is for the best" (3). Voltaire points out the illogicality of this doctrine, "if Columbus had not caught, on an American island, this sickness which attacks the source of generation [...] we should have neither chocolate or cochineal" (8). The sheer stupidity of these illogical conclusions points out Voltaire's problem with most optimists: the illogical degree to which they would carry their doctrine. Voltaire would argue that noses were not designed for spectacles, but rather spectacles were designed for preexisting noses. Pangloss's interpretation of cause and effect is so ignorant as to be comical. While Candide tells an interesting story, it is more important as a satire. However, this does not prove Voltaire is a pessimist.
...nd genuine kindness extend further than just treating the President of the United States like a normal person, even though Forrest Gump is ignorant of the ‘issues’ of different people. At the University of Alabama, two African American students are granted acceptance after an enormous ordeal on blacks going to colleges with whites because of the insane amount of racism the United States of America had. As the two African American students made their way up the staircase, one dropped a book and Forrest rushed through police officers and rioters to pick up the book and hand the book to the colored student who dropped it. Forrest’s ignorance definitely contributes to his selflessness and generosity towards people who are different (during the time period in American history the movie was based on), however, it is one of his traits that makes him a true unexpected hero.
In Candide, by Voltaire, Candide struggles through a world torn by constant bloodshed and crime. As he travels, he and other characters are deceived, injured, and abused by the world around him. Voltaire’s Candide reveals another side of human beings’ hearts as he portrays humanity’s hamartias as greed, lust, and religion.
Voltaire’s Candide can be understood in several ways by its audience. At a first glance it would appear to be simply a story blessed with outrageous creativity, but if you look deeper in to the novel, a more complicated and meaningful message is buried within. Voltaire uses the adventures of Candide as a representation of what he personally feels is wrong within in society. Written in the 18th century (1759), known commonly as the age of enlightenment, Voltaire forces his audience to consider the shift from tradition to freedom within society. He achieves this by exploring the reality of human suffering due to traditions which he mocks throughout Candide. In particular he focused on exploiting the corruption he felt was strongly and wrongfully present within three main aspects of society these being religion, politics and morals. Each chapter represents different ways in which Voltaire believes corruption exists providing the audience with the reality of society’s problems due to its fixation on tradition. As a philosopher of the Enlightenment, Voltaire advocated for freedom of religion, freedom of expression and the separation between church and state. Voltaire successfully presents these ideas within Candide by highlighting why they are a significant problem in 18th century Europe.
Forrest’s IQ is significantly lower than the average person’s and as a kid, it restricts him from going to a normal school. Even though it is not him who creates the opportunity to have a proper education, when he is given the chance he makes the most out of it by graduating high school, and going further to attain a college degree. Academics are not the only part of school that pose a challenge to him; Forrest has to put up with exclusion as well as verbal and physical abuse. Even though it is not easy for Forrest to get along with others, he is able to get through his social hindrances by finding someone special named Jenny. She loves him, looks out for him, and through the bullying Forrest ends up finding great happiness with his one special girl. After school, Forrest joins the military, which is one of the best solutions for him. As a result of his IQ, finding a long lasting career would be very difficult. The army is a respected job that Forrest excels at far past the ordinary person. Thus, joining the army creates many opportunities for Forrest, changing his life for the better. He wins a medal of honor and discovers ping pong which he goes on to play in the Olympics. Something far better than honor and fame that he finds in the military is friendship, and out of the friendship Forrest finds riches. There are
... Conclusion, all of the previously discussed topics were put together by Voltaire in an ingenious way to ridicule the philosophy that everything is exactly as it should be and that everything bad happens for the greater good. All the tragedies Candide underwent were introduced in the novella with the purpose of disproving this notion. The book Candide made me think a lot about everything that is wrong with humankind. Voltaire was very successful and Candide's story accomplished his goal because It is hard to imagine that someone would still believe this philosophy after reading this very ingenious, funny, and entertaining novella.
Blind optimism has concealed the eyes of human beings from the defects of the world since the age of Enlightenment. Defying the archaic thinking of society, Voltaire searched for practical and useful knowledge to explain the world he lived in. Voltaire mocked philosophers, such as Leibniz ,who believed in the “best of all possible worlds” ,and presupposed that all things happen for a reason rather than convincing himself that good and bad are one and the same( 12). The term blind optimism refers to naievty, or having a tendency to expect the best of all possible outcomes and never accepting conclusions in a negative way. In the novel Candide, Voltaire strikes his major characters with atrocious events to challenge the unquestionable optimistic view of the world, showing how ludicrous blind optimism truly is. Voltaire exemplifies this notion by utilizing characterization of his characters Candide, Pangloss, and Martin to satirically demonstrate how blind optimism hinders the perception of reality
Francois Marie Arouet de Voltaire lived from 1694-1778. He was an author and a philosopher whose philosophy stressed rationality, democracy and scientific inquiry. These interests can all be seen in Candide, for example, which has a philosopher for a main character and which satirizes the philosophy of Leibnitz throughout the text. The novel Candide was written in response to the earthquake of 1759 which hit Lisbon and resulted in the instantaneous and indiscriminate deaths of thousands. Appalled by the horrible deaths of so many innocent people, Voltaire was at this time also incensed by Leibnitz who wrote that given the worlds God might have created, by choosing to endow mankind with free will, "the world we live in is the best of all possible worlds." To Voltaire, this response to the earthquake amounted to an abominable moral complacency and indifference by philosophers such as Leibnitz, who Voltaire felt seemed to accept all the other normal suffering and injustice in the world. Hence in Candide, Voltaire relentlessly satirizes Leibnitz's formulation by shifting the stress to "this is the best of all possible worlds" and bringing up the line every time a character encounters a horrible calamity or atrocity. However, it should be added that Voltaire's hatred of injustices perpetrated by the aristocracy, the church and the state--all of which he satirizes in Candide--also grew out of his personal experiences.
... Enlightenment philosophy or Voltaire’s specific criticisms in mind. It then becomes a very interesting and compelling story. With Voltaire’s notion in mind, one can appreciate the story’s wit and philosophical perspective on the world. Enlightenment philosophers found religion to be irrational and unreasonable and preferred to view things from a more natural perspective; that things do not happen for a reason, they just happen. When they happen, they come with consequences, good or bad, that can or cannot be justified. Candide is both excellent not only in how it utilizes satire and irony, but also because it is appealing to the reader in how it uses philosophy to tell a story. Candide is often claimed to be Voltaire’s best work. It is a philosophical masterpiece that even today can be revered and appreciated by readers years after the Enlightenment era has passed.
Candide, which has been credited the base for the book and movie Forrest Gump, features a main character teeming with naiveté. Pangloss says all is for the better and Candide lives by this edict with unaltered optimism. Faced with death and fatigue, Candide is befriended only to be enlisted in the Bulgarian army. Escaping death a few more times, he sees the pains of war and masks the pain with philosophy.