The Life of Garibaldi
Giuseppe Garibaldi was born in Nice, France in 1807. He spent most of
his youth as a sailor on Mediterranean merchant ships. In 1883 he
joined Young Italy, the movement organised by the Italian
revolutionary Giuseppe Mazzini. He believed that all Italian people
should be free and that Italyshould not only be independent, but also
an integrated republic.
Italyhad been left completely fragmented by the settlements reached at
Congress of Vienna in 1815. The congress had divided territory among
the victors of the Napoleonic Wars. Italy was divided up, but most
people wanted to see it re-united as one country, including Garibaldi.
In 1815, Italyfaced three obstacles to unity. The first was the
Austrian occupation of
Lombardy and Venice in the North and the northeast of the Italian
Peninsula. The
second was the Papal States, under the sovereignty of the Pope. The
Papal States
straddled the centre of the Peninsula, cutting the North off the
South. The third
obstacle was the existence of several independent states. On the
French boarder was
the Kingdom of Sardinia, which had slowly expanded since the middle
ages and was
now the most advanced state in Italy. The Kingdom of Sardinia
consisted of the
region called Piedmont in north western Italy and the island of
Sardinia. The
Kingdom of the two Sicilies occupied the Southern half of the
Peninsula and the
Island of Sicily. Other small states included Tuscany, Parma and
Modena. All these
states had to be bolished if Italy was to be re-united.
In 1834, Garibaldi was ordered to seize a Warship, but the plot was
dis...
... middle of paper ...
...nd the Papal
States. In 1866,
the government went to Garibaldi again. Italy had made an alliance
with Prussia to
defeat the Austrians. Italy was promised Veniceif the alliance was
victorious.
Garibaldi successfully invaded Tyrol with a volunteer force.
Venicefinally became a
part of Italyin 1866. Garibaldi now turned his attention to raising a
volunteer force
with the aim of returning the Papal States to the kingdom of Italy.
After a number of
initial engagements, he was defeated by combined Papal and French
forces at the
Battle of Mentana on 3rd November 1867. A successful and united Italy
was finally
complete in 1870, when Rome was annexed to Italy.
Garibaldi was elected as a member of Parliament in 1874, and was
involved in the
politics of Italyuntil his death in 1882.
THESIS STATEMENT The moral fanatic and religious fundamentalist, Giralamo Savonarola, inhibited the development of the Renaissance in Florence and brought the city back into the Middle Ages. PURPOSE STATEMENT Through scholarly research of Florentine politics and daily life during the rule of the Medici, it is affirmed that Giralamo Savonarola used religion and fear to inhibit the progression of the Renaissance in Florence. INTRODUCTION Religion provides hope for those who are hopeless. It aims to welcome those who are alienated and feel that their life has no purpose.
Next, we will discuss the Risorgimento, a 19th-century movement for unification of Italy that would ultimately establish the Kingdom of Italy in 1861. Before this time, the Italian peninsula
a united Italy, it was one which strode in a path towards it. A lack
First of all, this is determined by Italy's weak and foreign expansion policy. Secondly, this is also determined by Italy's national interests. Third, after the outbreak of World War I, the Allied Powers all met the requirements of the Italian territory.
During the late 1800's Italy became one of the most overcrowded countries in Europe. Many Italians began to consider the possibility of leaving Italy to escape the new low wages and high taxes. For centuries the entire Italian peninsula was divided into quarreling states, with foreign powers often controlling several states. In this chaotic situation, the feudal system ruled above the economic system, leaving money only in the hands of a select few (Wikepedia.com, 2007).
By 1498 the situation in Italy was one of chaos and turmoil. Charles died in 1498, which meant that there wasn’t going to be a re-invasion. Popular uprisings in Milan and Florence saw the Medicis and the Sforzas overthrown. Civil war was raging on between Pisa and Florence and the accession of Louis VIII as French King meant that the prospects for peace did not look too good.
The North Italian states were better economically and politically than the Southern Italian states. This led to a less feeling of nationalism since the North and South were different and was one of the reasons why the early attempts in 1821, 1830 and 1848 for unification failed. A group called Carbonari was working towards unification of the Italian states. Carbonari meant the Charcoal Burners and it was a secret society. In early 19th century a Carbonari named Mazzini brought up the notion of “Young Italy”. He emphasized on the one Italian state. He soon becomes the famous Italian soldier. In 1833, Garibaldi meets Mazzini for the first time and enrolls for the Young Italy Movement. “Young Italy” movement was where Garibaldi rose up. Slowly the sense of an Italian state was coming up but still the states were lacking a leader who would lead the way to the
Fortunately, he managed to flee from the blood-ravaged war where he settled in the island of Caprera for a while. After a rush of drama, Garibaldi corrupted his political link with Mazzini, and had formed a conjunction with Victor Emmanuel II, the king of Italian region ‘Sardegna’ (Sardinia), and his cultured premier, Conte Camillo Benso di Cavour. In some time, Garibaldi was the heroic gemstone of Italy, after hundreds of Italians linked their mateship with the Sardinian monarch. This forced him and his “blood-for- nothing but-Italy” (“sangue per niente ma Italia”) inspired guerrilla to violate against the Alps in the year of 1859. In the war-drama year of 1860 he met with a turbulence of revolt and war against Sicily and formed a military-based democracy, just as he wished. Garibaldi soon conquered and warred of the Naples territory, which he then handed his conquests in force of Victor Emmanuel in 1861 and returned to his home region of
Do you know who invented the radio signal? The point of this writing is to explain who Guglielmo Marconi is. He made the first successful long distance wireless telegraph, he invented the magnetic detector, he invented tuned telegraph.
Were the Medicis the great heroes of the Renaissance or the great villains? The Medici’s were a prominent family in the Renaissance, who ruled Florence from 1434 to 1737. They are regarded as being one of the most powerful and richest families in the whole of Europe. The Medics used this great status and wealth to develop an improved Florence, one that was significantly influenced by the Renaissance.
Some of the main economic powers of the renaissance were Italian city states. The first, Milan, was in northern Italy. Milan, the center of trade and money with a large tax, was ruled by Visconti and was later taken over by Sforza. Next was Venice, which was the link of Asia and the western world. Venice was a republic with a doge, or an elected leader, and was ruled by merchants and aristocrats. Lastly, was Florence which became the cul...
This had resulted in Italy becoming more unified because the future was looking bright for the country, since they had unified Sicily with Italy. Another thing that Garibaldi had done is give responsibility of Naples and Sicily to Victor Emanuel. This was a monumental stepping stone in the unification of Italy because this move by Garibaldi had led to the southern Italy voting to approve the moving of Naples and Sicily to Emmanuel and the crowing of Victor Emmanuel II as king of Italy in 1861. By this move, Garibaldi had helped to unify Italy because he brought the southern part of Italy in unification with Sardinia. This left only Rome and Venetia ununited with Italy.
John Warrack, author of 6 Great Composers, stated, “Any study of a composer, however brief, must have as its only purpose encouragement of the reader to greater enjoyment of the music” (Warrack, p.2). The composers and musicians of the Renaissance period need to be discussed and studied so that listeners, performers, and readers can appreciate and understand the beginnings of music theory and form. The reader can also understand the driving force of the composer, whether sacred or secular, popularity or religious growth. To begin understanding music composition one must begin at the birth, or rebirth of music and the composers who created the great change.
...something like this happened. There is also a national historic site which was established in Nova Scotia, Canada that honors Marconi. Visitors are able to see the site of the original radio transatlantic transmission from Europe to Canada and tour the Wireless Hall of Fame. Unquestionably Marconi’s contributions to communications and in particular the radio are still remembered and he ranks as one of the most outstanding innovators of the 20th century.
In the early years of the twentieth century, Italy has created a new system of government, however suffered social and economic conditions. Improvements were made however, poverty and literacy were still problems that have not been solved well. While entering World War I, the nation was neutral up until joining the British and French in exchange for certain advantages. However, it was unsuccessful as Italy failed to take control of the territories that it claimed at the Versailles Peace Conference, and suffered significant losses. The ideology of fascism occurred when the power of Italy was shrinking and the idea of being a pacifist became weak.