Some theorists have argued that non-white parents who do not themselves speak English as a native language are more cynical about, or indifferent to, the value of education than are white or Asian parents (Gilborn, 2008). Some non-white parents have told researchers that education is unlikely to raise the status of their child; others, especially under-educated parents, have expressed the concern that education will somehow turn their children against them (Gilborn, 2008). Finally, scholars have noted that cultures in which English is deeply embedded prioritize early childhood development, such that children are systematically exposed to learning opportunities from an early age and expected to do well (Minkov, 2011). Families that do not speak English as a native language might lack the money to purchase educational materials for younger children, and parents in such families might also lack the time for interaction, given that many fathers and mothers in non-English-speaking communities are working multiple jobs solely to survive (Tillman, 2009).
Warm demanding theory, which rests on the empirical detection of the so-called Galatea Effect (Rosenthal & Jacobson, 1968), is that students improve to the extent that their mentors—whether teachers or parents—combine love with expectation. The warm-demanded—whom Ladson-Billings (1994) called the dream-keeper—is a figure who must balance on what can be the thin line between affection and expectation. Too much warmth and the student will feel that he or she can slack off without penalty; too much demand and the student will tune out, burn out, or revolt. Typically, warm demanding theory has been applied to teachers, as in Rosenthal and Jacobson’s (1968) seminal early study, but ...
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...and, when an individual’s self-esteem is thwarted, they may develop psychopathology in the form of inferiority complexes, insecurity, and helplessness (Hall, 2007). Such individuals whose esteem needs are not adequately met tend to become discouraged and withdraw in most cases. It is very important for teachers of struggling students to direct all efforts towards helping them to attain their discursive identity, as this would grant them the gratification they desire to aim at even higher goals that would facilitate their improvement in terms of academic performance. The discursive identity theory also enables teachers to identify the various struggling students who have already given up and do not care about the views of other people concerning them. This would help them to disburse the most appropriate measures to help such individuals to improve their self-esteem.
“Standard English was imposed on children of immigrant parents, then the children were separated from native English speakers, then the children were labeled “inferior” and “ignorant” (Hughes 70) because they could not speak Standard English. In addition to feeling inferior about their second language skills, these students also felt inadequate in regard to speaking their own mother tongues” (qtd in Kanae)
In order to make it in life, one must have experience and has to be well educated. It is difficult to get through life not knowing how to present oneself appropriately, or even have a fluent conversation. One’s beliefs, values, morals, and behavior can influence how he or she will make it to the top of the ladder. However, in many cases, it is not only the individuals fault for not being as educated or experience he or she should be. Many outside factors such as the community, resources availability, and one’s class can affect someone from being able to reach their high potential. Patrick J. Finn, author of Literacy with an Attitude: Educating Working-Class Children in Their Own Self-Interest, speaks on how language, the education system, and
It is important to maintain children’s home language as it may help them learn and understand a second language. Barratt-Pugh (2000) discusses the benefits of bilingualism and maintaining it through early childhood settings, also mentions the concerns families have for their children maintaining two languages through schooling. Research within the article states that children who speak more than one language will have a higher level of understanding literacy content, form, genre, as well as understand the differences and translating within both languages. This demonstrates a contrast of strengths and experiences with literacy (linguist...
Child who learns to speak English has more control than parent (Costa 1)- Acculturated second generation generally more economically successful
“I think my mother’s English almost had an effect on 5) limiting my possibilities in life as well. Sociologists and linguists probably will tell you that a person’s developing language skills are more influenced by peers. But I do think that the language spoken in the fa...
In the United States of America we have become a large melting pot of ethnic and cultural peoples. Along with these peoples have come many different languages and alphabets. However the US has been seen as a mostly English speaking country. Yet many of this country's newcomers do not speak English. Adults and children alike come into the US speaking and writing only their native tongue. This poses a huge gap in communication. If the adults are unable to teach their children English, then it becomes the school districts' responsibility. However to make learning easier on the child, many school districts choose to teach the child in their native language, while they receive English lessons on the side.
In the United States, it is important for a person to speak English fluently because it is the official language in America and everybody communicates in English. Many people believe that English should be the only language in America and that sometimes people may face prejudice when they speak English with an accent. For some parents, the fear of prejudice makes them decided not to teach their children their native tongue. On the other hand, there are many other reasons why some parents want to teach their children their native tongue. Gabriela Kuntz explains in My Spanish Standoff why she did not allow her children to speak Spanish at home. Kuntz’s explanations are acceptable, but some research studies reveal that most young children can learn two or more languages. Also, many researchers say that children can learn a second language faster than adults.
The migrant population, from different backgrounds, is increasing the numbers of children learning English in the United States. The children whose first language (L1) is other than English inability to communicate is the main issue they are facing during ...
Early childhood education is important since 90% of a child’s brain develops by the age of 3. Early childhood education can set young children on a good path. But there is an unfair advantage that makes receiving this education, simpler for higher income families. At a young age, lower income students are shown to have lower language skills than higher income students. They are also shown to not be as ready for school as kids from higher income families. Preschool or daycare can also help expose kids to numbers and words. Children from high class families are exposed to 45 million words by the age of 4. Children from low class families are only exposed to 13 million though. Good quality childcare is expensive and many families do not see the importance. Parents in the low social class may not have the money or time either. The unfair element is that children at such a young age are already leaps and bounds ahead of other...
Both authors Amy Tan who wrote Mother Tongue and Andrew Lam who wrote Show and Tell focus on language. These authors bring up the fact that those who do not speak English “fluently” are placed at a disadvantage in the US. In the American society, if English is not your first language people do not take you seriously. I will argue that Amy Tan and Andrew Lam are trying to prove those who do not speak English fluently are at a disadvantage through expanding on the idea of English speakers bullying those who are considered “foreign”, not being able to receive the same benefits as English speaking people and they have a harder time communicating with others.
The program in which I feel benefits the support of children and families who are culturally and linguistically diverse is that of providing early identification and support in which it “requires careful attention to children’s individual needs and high quality educational approached tailor to meet these needs.” (Darragh, 2010, p.443) in which children who are ESL (English as a Second Language) are able to learn through RTI (Response to Intervention) and get the support necessary to support their success.
In order to children can grow up healthily, parents need to be pay more attention to their children. Teachers’ education mission is teaching children the knowledge they need, but they cannot be with the children all the time. Immigrant family parents and children have a hard time to be in the U.S. education because of the different educational system and language. Spring said that immigrant groups arrive with a variety of educational backgrounds (Spring, 2014). This means teachers not only need to get more information about these educational backgrounds, but also try to communicate with the children and parents. Low academic parents try their best to provide children an education opportunity. They wish teachers could help their children as much as they could on education because they do not have the ability. However, teachers’ abilities are limited. Based on the same expectation of parents and teachers, school-home connection is the best option to help children to work toward their academic goals. teachers and parents need to share valuable information about the children with each other. For example, teachers would have parents know more about the school educational system, children’s school life, and their performance on study. Parents need to talk about their original educational system, culture, and the children’s home behaviors so that teachers can make an appropriate lesson
The Gaia hypothesis was expressed by James Lovelock in mid 1960s and published in a book in 1979.（Sean Chamberlin) The ancient Greek called their Earth goddess Gaia, James Lovelock had taken the idea of ancient Greek and named his hypothesis Gaia. The central theme for Gaia Hypothesis is that organisms interact with their inorganic surroundings on Earth to form a self-regulating. Most simply expressed as “The Earth is Alive.”(Virtual Fossil Museum) If there are some inherent factors harmful to Earth, “Gaia” system itself has an anti-feedback function, can those to get rid of harmful factors.
In the example given above, if that child is sent to a french immersion school he or she would have an advantage compared to a child who has only learnt english, if the said child goes ahead to pursuit french as a post secondary degree he or she will have an advantage over other students. Learning the language from the family will be an embodied cultural capital and it gives the student an advantage. Other forms of embodied capital can also include cultural beliefs, values, opinions and morals, political beliefs, studying and work ethic, etc. Wu(2008; 202) states that “The theory suggests that the effect of families’ social origin on children’s educational performance is, to a certain extent, due to the greater cultural capital of high-status parents that helps the children have greater competence in mastering the curriculum in schools.” These traits are learned behaviour from an individuals family, an individuals study ethics, vocational skills, reading and writing abilities will enable him or her to attain educational success. Students from the middle class and upwards often go into
The Gaia Hypothesis In the early 1960's, James Lovelock was invited by NASA to participate in the scientific research for evidence of life on Mars. His job was to design instruments, capable of detecting the presence of life, which could be sent on a spacecraft to Mars. This led him to think about what constitutes life, and how it can be detected. He decided that the most general characteristic of life was that it takes in energy and matter and discards waste products.