The Characteristics Of Organizational Culture

Organizational culture is showed in the typical characteristics of the organization, in other words, organizational culture ought to be viewed as the right way in which things are finished or to comprehend and to understand the underlying issues of an organization. (Shili Sun, 2008, p. 1). In Shili Sun’s journal, it also likewise expressed that it is broadly acknowledged that organizational cultures are characterized as the profoundly rooted qualities and convictions that are shared by work force in an organization. The culture of an organization can generate sustained competitive advantage. A competitive advantage is an advantage over competitors gained by offering consumers worthy value, either by lowering the costs of products or by giving

Rather than attempt to resolve these numerous and subtle definitional conflicts, a definition that is consistent with most of the research about organizational culture and a firm's performance is used here (e.g., Deal & Kennedy, 1982; Peters & Waterman, 1982). In this work, organizational culture typically is defined as a complex set of values, beliefs, assumptions, and symbols that define the way in which a firm conducts its business. In this sense, culture has pervasive effects on a firm because a firm's culture not only defines who its relevant employees, customers, suppliers, and competitors are, but it also defines how a firm will interact with these key actors (Louis, 1983). This conception of organizational culture blurs classical distinctions between an organization's culture and its structure and strategy (Tichy, 1983) because these attributes of a firm are direct manifestations of cultural assumptions about what business a firm is in and how it conducts that business. While there is little consensus concerning the definition of organizational culture, there is broader agreement about sustained superior financial performance. In microeconomics, the financial performance of firms is divided into three categories: normal performance, superior performance, and below normal performance. Normal economic performance is that rate of return on a firm's investments just large enough to keep a firm's assets engaged in their current activities (Hirshleifer, 1980). Using language from organization theory (McKelvey, 1982), a normal return is a return just large enough to ensure a firm's survival. Technically, a normal return is the expected rate of return of a firm in perfectly competitive markets (Copeland & Weston, 1979).