2.3.2 Sustainable Tourism Sustainable tourism as an emerging paradigm seems to enhance the existing conceptual frameworks on tourism planning and development by making the residents its focal point. Indeed, both direct and indirect support of community residents’ participation is the foundation of the sustainability paradigm (Butcher 1997; Jamieson & Jamal, 1997). Thus, according to UNEP & UNWTO sustainable tourism should: - “Make optimal use of environmental resources that constitute a key element in tourism development, maintaining essential ecological processes and helping to conserve natural heritage and biodiversity. - Respect the socio-cultural authenticity of host communities, conserve their built and living cultural heritage …show more content…
It is very important management of all resources in such a way that economic and social needs can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecological process, biological diversity and life support systems (WTO, 1993, p: 10). "Sustainable tourism development requires the informed participation of all relevant stakeholders, as well as strong political leadership to ensure wide participation and consensus building. Achieving sustainable tourism is a continuous process and it requires constant monitoring of impacts, introducing the necessary preventive and/or corrective measures whenever necessary. Sustainable tourism should also maintain a high level of tourist satisfaction and ensure a meaningful experience to the tourists, raising their awareness about sustainability issues and promoting sustainable tourism practices amongst them." (WTO, 2004). UNWTO (2005) suggested sustainable tourism development …show more content…
Mathieson and Wall (1982:2) notes that literature on tourism has expanded immensely with the result that research has become ‘highly fragmented with researchers following different paths.’ There are many ways of categorizing the impacts of tourism. Mathieson and Wall (1982:37) divided tourism impacts into economic, social and physical (environmental categories). For some time, it has been popular for most academia to think about tourism impacts in three domains which are; social, economic and environmental. Weed (2008:396) echoes the use of the word ‘triple bottom line’ to encompass impacts of tourism. An understanding of the triple bottom line with regards to tourism impacts is of utmost importance. Weed (2008:396) notes that the community perceive impacts differently as they redistribute resources resulting in some sub- groups reaping rewards at the expense of others. When analyzing tourism impacts it is very important to notice that there is a possibility of tourism to pose negative impacts on the community
Impacts of Tourism in Swanage Tourism has the potential to create impacts on the environment and communities that it relies on to accommodate visitors. Its impacts are mitigated by the long history of tourism activity. Communities have become used to tourism activity, and management measures to limit some areas of environmental damage have been implemented. Nevertheless, some impacts are far ranging, and they are set out below: * Inappropriate Development An increase in visitors can lead to pressure for new developments to serve and capitilise on their needs, eg. Caravan parks, visitor centres, cafes, signs, car parks, and additional accommodation.
Tourism has been described as a global activity with local implications. We are all aware of the tourism potential to boost economic diversity and growth within their regions. The decentralized nature of t...
(2016),” the tourism system has some important inputs from an environmental perspective which includes natural, cultural and human resources.” The system has three subsystems which are tourism retailing, destination and transport, all of which are interrelated. Within the destination subsystem, the importance of natural and cultural attractions is emphasized as the basis for attracting tourists. The outputs of the system can be both positive and negative in that tourism can both conserve and destroy nature while bringing positive and negative economic cultural changes. Another output of the tourism system that is desired by governments is tourists’ satisfaction must be guaranteed. (pp.9-10) The pollution of the sea by sewage, overcrowding of beaches, removal of coral reefs and deforestation are the ways in which the environment is being affected by tourism. Hence, the need for environmental awareness in Jamaica as the impact is a major concern to the country. Although it is damaging the environment, it brings economic benefits.
UNEP, ‘Leakage’ 2013. Negative Economic Impacts of Tourism: Leakage. [online] Available at: http://www.unep.org/resourceefficiency/Business/SectoralActivities/Tourism/FactsandFiguresaboutTourism/ImpactsofTourism/EconomicImpactsofTourism/NegativeEconomicImpactsofTourism/tabid/78784/Default.aspx [Accessed: 10 Nov 2013].
Nowadays in the rea of globalization, according to the World Tourism Organization, “seven hundred million people travelled abroad in 2003”, and the number is estimated to increase to 1.6 billion by 2020. (International Labour Organization, 2005). Tourism is spreading in unusual places. A lot of people want to be in the midst of adventure. It is a vital source of revenues for the GDP of many countries. I partially agree that tourism hugely benefits the local community. This essay will discuss some of the economic, social and environment effect of tourism on the host community.
In 2009, a statistic given by the Australian Bureau of Statistics stated that “In Australia, for example, tourism makes a direct contribution to the economy of $40.639 million in GDP or 3.6% of total GDP and 4.7% of total employment,” which goes to show the impact of what tourism can provide for their economy and the opportunity it offers to the locals that live there. New Zealand has very similar statistics that make up a solid chunk of their economy as a whole and ironically New Zealand and Australia are two of the small porti...
Over the past forty years, trends in the tourism industry illustrate there has been evident growth on both a regional and global perspective. Because of this increase and growth of the industry it has ultimately brought large benefits to communities, providing great opportunity, economic development, employment and social benefits. Due to this benefit it is imperative that communities capitalise on these opportunities. One of the major authorities which provides the key roles to this success is that of local governments, who provide the ideal, authority, infrastructure and planning procedures to maximise the benefit for its communities, in a sustainable manner.
Tourism is the act of travelling to and touring a location for pleasure. It is a very controversial topic due to the effects on the places that are being visited and toured. Some of these are positive, but there are also many negative aspects of tourism. The purpose of this topic is to determine whether the good things outweigh the bad, and if anything could be changed to better the negative effects.
There is not really a universally accepted definition of tourism. In 1994 the World Tourism Organization (WTO) revised its definition. It says the tourism comprises of 'the activities of persons travelli...
Indeed, the first attempt to standardize the definition or conceptualization of sustainable tourism development came in 2000 when a group of leading scholars and practitioners of sustainable tourism gathered in Canada and drafted the Mohonk Agreement. The agreement determined that “sustainable tourism seeks to minimize ecological and socio‐cultural impacts while providing economic benefits to local communities and host countries” (Honey, 2002, p. 375). On its most basic level, sustainable tourism development is only realistic if all stakeholders can agree on priorities: ecological maintenance, local community, and tourist satisfaction. Achieving sustainable development proves to be difficult because there is a bounty of advice for stakeholders but a shortage of resources, excessive pressure from demand, and a hedonistic philosophy among tourism operators despite increased awareness of the local community. Global standardization takes policy power away from local government and tilts the process in favor of wealthier countries whose goals are more technical and centered on the process; poor countries more often view sustainable tourism as including issues of distribution, local content of food and products, and cultural
Developing tourism in the 21st century has become one of the fastest growing sectors of global economy and developing countries are cashing in on the expanding industry in other to boost their financial services as well as create a sustainable environment that will attract all investors and public services. The sustainable approach towards tourism suggest that both cultural, natural and other various resources of tourism are well conserved for continuous use in the future while still bringing significant benefits to the present society. Research has shown that most developed countries that have a sustainable tourism sector, with a successful plan for tourism can bring so many benefits such as improve the attractiveness of the place, job creation for the local community, attract entrepreneurs that will establish small tourist enterprise and attract external investments and also improve the image of the local community (WTO, 2004).
Tourism is an important and intricate element to society. It affects economical, social, cultural and environmental elements. Tourism can be argued to have a negative impact on the environment and decrease our already depleting resources, but tourism can also be argued to be a major contributor to strengthening economies, spread cultural traditions and improve people’s lives. Tourism
The negative impacts that tourism creates can destroy the environment and all of its resources which it depends of for survival. Tourism has the prospective to create and bring useful effects on to the environment by donation the environmental protection conservation.
In the more economically developed countries (MEDCs), synonymous mainly with the industrialised countries of the northern hemisphere there, has been an explosion in the growth of leisure and tourism industry, which is now believed to be the worlds second largest industry in terms of money generated. In order to differentiate between leisure and tourism it should be recognised that leisure often involves activities enjoyed during an individual’s free time, whereas tourism commonly refers to organised touring undertaken on a commercial basis. Development in the two areas could be attributed to changing patterns in working lives within the last four decades. Generally, people now have more disposable wealth, work shorter hours, receive longer, paid annual leave, retire earlier and have greater personal mobility. In addition, according to Marshall & Wood (1995), the growth of the tourist industry per se can be associated, in part, with the concentration of capital; the emergence of diversified leisure based companies, sometimes within wider corporate conglomerates and often associated with particular airlines. Furthermore, the development of tourism can generate employment both directly, in jobs created in the hotels, restaurants etc, and indirectly, through expenditure on goods and services in the local area. Nevertheless, although the tourist industry is competitive, which essentially keeps down the cost of foreign travel, the success of tourism in any one area can be ‘influenced by weather, changing consumer tastes, demographics, economic cycles, government policy, not to mention international terrorism and other forms of conflict.’(1) Although such factors may have a detrimental affect on the economy of a popular tourist destination (or even tourism in general, in light of September 11th 2001), the consequence of tourism in general is often three fold: environmental, social and cultural, which in turn has prompted a search for new ‘friendly’ approaches that are less destructive.
“A stakeholder is anyone who participates in the project or who will be affected by the results of the project, and may include…people and groups within and outside of the organization” (Brown & Hyer, 2010, p.107-108). In the article, “Stakeholders’ Contribution in Sustainable Tourism” A. Kadi, M. Jaafar, & F. Hassan (2015) seeks to explain how tourism stakeholders affect tourism destinations and the need for collaboration between all the stakeholders. After reading the article, I found that the findings supported how the stakeholders influenced tourism and the packages offered through economic impact on tourism destinations in which Kadi, Jaafar, & Hassan attempt to make known through highlighting the issues and challenges in the tourism industry.