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Slide 1: On November 9 through 10 1938, an anti-Jewish pogrom known as “Kristallnacht” occurred. During this incident, Jewish synagogues were torched, Jewish businesses, homes and schools were vandalized and destroyed and close to 100 European Jews were killed by Nazis in Germany and parts of Austria.
Slide 2: The name “Kristallnacht” literally translates to “Crystal Night” in German, and is often referred to as the “Night of Broken Glass”. The incident was named this due to the large amount of shattered glass that covered the streets in Germany after the vandalism of Jewish businesses, homes and schools and desecration of synagogues.
Slide 3: In nearly two days and two nights, more than 1,000 Jewish synagogues had been burned and desecrated;
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In addition to this, 30,000 Jewish men were arrested and sent to the Sachsenhausen, Dachau and Buchenwald concentration camps. “The swine won’t commit another murder. Incidentally…I would not like to be a Jew in Germany.”
Slide 10: The Jewish community were forced to clear up the rubble of the destroyed synagogues and were refused the right to any compensation claims. After Hermann Goring assessed the $400 million he said
Slide 11: The violence and oppression of Kristallnacht served as a sign to German Jews that Nazi Germany was no longer a safe place and that the violence and anti-Semitism would only escalate. This resulted in many Jews planning to escape from their native lands.
Slide 12: American president Franklin D. Roosevelt read a statement to the media on the 15th of November 1938 in response to Kristallnacht in which he harshly stated the wrongness of anti-Semitism and the Nazi movement in Germany.
Slide 13: Although Roosevelt condemned Nazi Germany, the U.S refused to change their immigration policies, restrictions that constrained mass amounts of German Jews from finding safety in the United States. Reasons for this included anxiety over the possibility of Nazi infiltrators legally settling in the United
In this paper, we will explore the camp that is Bergen-Belsen and its workers, the camp system, liberation and trial. The notorious detention camp, Bergen-Belsen, was constructed in 1940 and “was near Hanover in northwest Germany, located between the villages Bergen and Belsen” (jewishvirtuallibrary.org), hence the name. Originally, the “camp was designed to hold 10,000 prisoners” (jewishvirtuallibrary.org) but, Bergen-Belsen rapidly grew. “In the first eighteen months of existence, there were already five satellite camps.” (holocaustresearchproject.org).
The. This was also known as the mass murder of the Jews (Genocide). The persecution of the Jews was applied in stages. After the Nazi party achieved power, state enforced racism resulted in anti-Jewish. legislation, boycotts, “Aryanization,” Kristallnacht (Night of Broken).
“Be kind whenever possible. It is always possible.” said by the enlightened Dalai Lama. The Jews, innocent and sympathetic, were treated like trash during Kristallnacht. The Night of Broken Glass was one of the most terrifying and brutal nights of German history, in addition Kristallnacht was an excuse for the Nazi party to eradicate the Jews and other minor ethnic groups. The Secret Police and the Waffen SS could determine if people were Jewish or not if they had certain attributes such as having blonde hair, having light blue eyes, and having a rectangular shaped forehead. Over hundreds were injured and a copious amount had died during Kristallnacht, in addition Jews were not only affected in Germany but also in “territories forcibly seized by Germany, Austria and Sudentland” (Kristallnacht: Overview). Kristallnacht, a doomsday for Jews, inducing in destruction of Jewish property, death of Jews, and social isolation.
Kristallnacht has been described by James M. Deem as “a night of terror, where the Nazis raided the Jews shops by breaking the windows and destroying their things” (Deem 6). Kristallnacht was also referred to as “the night of the broken glass” because of all the broken windows from the Jewish houses and shops. In “Night”, Kristallnacht was described as a night of anti-Jewish riots. During this time Jewish homes were robbed, synagogues burned, Jewish businesses destroyed, and many Jews were, arrested, tortured, beaten, or killed. A tax was then imposed by the government on the Jews. They were being forced to pay for Kristallnacht property damage. The Germans wanted to try and terrorize the Jews by doing this. After the night of Kristallnacht, over 30,000 Jews were sent to concentration camps. Also lots of Jewish artifacts were destroyed. The rest of the world started to become aware of what was happening and decided that they should help them. They started sending their armies to rescue the Jews in the concentration
It is told that on the night of November 9 and early November 10, 1938, Nazis incited a pogrom against the Jewish in Austria and Germany. It is termed, “Kristallnact” (“Night of Broken Glass). This night of violence included pillaging and burning of synagogues, breaking of the windows in Jewish owned businesses, looting, and physically attacking of Jewish people. Approximately, 30,000...
Florida Center for Instructional Technology. “Holocaust Timeline: The Camps.” Holocaust Timeline: The camps. N.p.2005.Web.26 Jan.2014.
The Jews, leftwing politicians, and Communists were the scapegoats of the crushing German loss of World War I. These groups were called traitors and hated for “stabbing Germany in the back.” The German Nazi party’s sense of national pride led to the want to “cleanse” Germany and create a “pure German people.” This caused tem to force this group of people into concentration camps where many died. Although the Allied forces did strive to free those kept in concentration camps and death camps in World War II, more could have been done to have stopped the murder and persecution perpetrated by the Nazis.
Approximately six million Jews were killed by the Nazi regime during the Holocaust. When Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany on January 30th, 1933 there were 566,000 Jewish people living in Germany. The first concentration camp, Dachau, was created on March 22, 1933. Other concentration camps to be created during this time include Buchenwald and Ravensbruck. The first people to be arrested were Communists, labor leaders, and Communists. From 1933-1938 Jews gradually have their rights stripped away beginning with not being able to own land to not being considered citizens according to the Nuremberg Race Laws. Attacks on Jewish businesses and synagogues began on November 9th, 1938 when over the course of two days over 7,000 Jewish businesses and 250 synagogues were destroyed by Germans. Also, Jews were arrested and killed while these tragedies occurred. This series of events is known as Kristallnacht. It marks the beginning of the extreme discrimination and eventually genocide of the Jewish population.
During the years of the war, America’s immigration policy and the restriction of Jewish immigrants was very apparent. The January 1943 Telegram Confirming Reports of Mass Executions of Jews in Poland talks about the Immigration Reform Act of 1924 and how it passed tight quotas on immigration. In 1924, the Unites States passed the Immigration Reform act. This act granted as little as two percent of the immigrating population a visa they needed to enter the U.S. Getting a visa could mean life or death for many immigrants. Instead of America helping the Jews escape Germany and Hitler, they blocked them out with more strict immigration policies. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and other officials warned that stricter controls on immigration were needed to prevent foreign threats from invading our nation. But innocent Jews trying to escape death don’t seem that harmful to most people. They also refused to, “ raise their immigration quotas in order to accept large numbers of refugees” (Lichtheim and Riegne 1). Because of this, many European Jews were not expected into America and in return harshly affected by Adolf Hitler and the Nazis. Some even died a horrible deaths in concentration camps just because America was afraid of giving out too many visas. Because of actions like these, the Jews were turned down in their time of need, especially when they
Have you ever wondered what was the real cause of the Holocaust or how was the Holocaust brought about? Well have you ever heard about the “Night of the Broken Glass” or what is called the “Kristallnacht”? The Holocaust started with the laws leading up to the Night of the Broken Glass; the lack of German reaction or outrage and the lack of response from the world to these efforts to discriminate and persecute the Jews allowed the Nazis to eventually proceed to the final solution.
Soon after Germany separated from Austria in March 1938, the Nazi soldiers arrested and imprisoned Jews in concentration camps all over Germany. Only eight months after annexation, the violent anti-jew Kristallnacht , also known as Night of the Broken Glass, pogroms took place. The Nazi soldiers arrested masses of male adult Jews and held them captive in camps for short periods of time. A death camp is a concentration camp designed with the intention of mass murder, using strategies such as gas chambers. Six death concentration camps exis...
FDR and the Holocaust by Verne W. Newton provides a basis for scholarly discourse for the Hyde Park Conference of 1993. The book includes essays, articles, and chapters from different scholars specializing in the Holocaust and Roosevelt in which they examine FDR’s response to the Holocaust. The first chapter of the book is a summary of the participants’ remarks of the “Policies and Responses of the American Government towards the Holocaust,” which was prepared by rapporteur J. Garry Clifford. The objective of the conference was to determine through discussion whether or not the controversy over the Roosevelt administration’s response to the Holocaust was correct. Following this chapter, the first section of the book is filled with essays, articles, and chapters submitted by participants at the conference. The second section of the book includes papers by historians who were not participants at the conference, but whose contributions are relevant to the issues discussed. The articles written by the scholars throughout the book look at the policies between 1933 and 1942, addressing the critiques of FDR and his failure to stop the genocide of the Jewish community in Germany. The overall book not only looks at the rescue efforts during the war and the possibilities for future research and analysis, but also supplies a definitive resource for a pivotal time in United States history.
Eighteen million Europeans went through the Nazi concentration camps. Eleven million of them died, almost half of them at Auschwitz alone.1 Concentration camps are a revolting and embarrassing part of the world’s history. There is no doubt that concentration camps are a dark and depressing topic. Despite this, it is a subject that needs to be brought out into the open. The world needs to be educated on the tragedies of the concentration camps to prevent the reoccurrence of the Holocaust. Hitler’s camps imprisoned, tortured, and killed millions of Jews for over five years. Life in the Nazi concentration camps was full of terror and death for its individual prisoners as well as the entire Jewish society.
First of all, to get a proper understanding of the events in my book, I did some research to paint a picture of the holocaust. The reason that the Germans started the holocaust a long time ago was because they believed that the Jewish people were minions of the devil, and that they were bent on destroying the Christian mind. Many Christians in Germany were also mad at them for killing Jesus in the Bible. Throughout the holocaust, Hitler, the leader of Germany at the time, and the Nazis killed about six million Jewish people, more than two-thirds of all of the Jewish people in Europe at the time. They also killed people who were racially inferior, such as people of Jehovah's Witness religion, and even some Germans that had physical and mental handicaps. The concentration camp that appears in this story is Auschwitz, which was three camps in one: a prison camp, and extermination camp, and a slave labor camp. When someone was sent to Auschw...
When the infamous Hitler began his reign in Germany in 1933, 530,000 Jews were settled in his land. In a matter of years the amount of Jews greatly decreased. After World War II, only 15,000 Jews remained. This small population of Jews was a result of inhumane killings and also the fleeing of Jews to surrounding nations for refuge. After the war, emaciated concentration camp inmates and slave laborers turned up in their previous homes.1 Those who had survived had escaped death from epidemics, starvation, sadistic camp guards, and mass murder plants. Others withstood racial persecution while hiding underground or living illegally under assumed identities and were now free to come forth. Among all the survivors, most wished not to return to Germany because the memories were too strong. Also, some become loyal to the new country they had entered. Others feared the Nazis would rise again to power, or that they would not be treated as an equal in their own land. There were a few, though, who felt a duty to return to their home land, Germany, to find closure and to face the reality of the recent years. 2 They felt they could not run anymore. Those survivors wanted to rejoin their national community, and show others who had persecuted them that they could succeed.