Culture can be defined as the way of life of a particular people, shown in their behaviors and habits, their behaviors and habits toward each other, and their moral and/or religious beliefs. Many different aspects can be used when trying to define what makes up a culture of a particular group of people. The Center for Advance Research on Language Acquisition describes culture as shared patterns of behaviors and interactions, cognitive constructs, and understanding that are learned by socialization. In many countries, the culture can be derived from many different groups of people in their country. A country can be comprised of the cultures of many different groups of people making the culture of an entire country very diverse. Culture is formed …show more content…
Peru is located on the central western edge of South America with its western border on the Pacific Ocean. It is bordered by six South American countries including Ecuador and Columbia on the north, Brazil to the east, Bolivia and Chile are located on its Southern borders. Peru is comprised of many different types of terrain and climates. Peru contains desert, mountain, and tropical climates. The climates of Peru are primarily a result of the Andes Mountains running from north to south through the country. The climate to east of the Andes receives large amounts of precipitation and comprises the tropical rainforests of the country. The annual rainfall in the area averages more than 90 inches, and the average yearly temperature ranges from the mid 90s to the 60s. The Andes creates a rain shadow effect and limits the amount of rainfall to the western region of the country resulting in a desert climate. The mountainous regions of Peru vary greatly depending on the location. The rise and fall of the elevation in the northern regions of Peru is much less than that of the central region. The Andes around the central region is very rugged terrain and makes traveling through the area very difficult. The steep slopes of the Andes may range anywhere from 15,000 feet up to the highest peak located in the country, Mount Huscaran, at 22, 205 …show more content…
Peru is comprised of several noticed ethnic groups including the Quechua Indians, Mestizos, and European descent. Quechua Indians, make up the majority of the population. Mestizos are Peruvians from mixed Spanish and Indian descent. The different ethnic groups of Peru differ greatly in their lifestyle and place in society. The middle class of Peru made up mainly of the Mestizos. They work in most of the middle to upper class jobs and hold most of the country’s wealth. Although Peruvians from European descent make up the smallest portion of the country’s population, they tend be in control of most of the power and government of Peru. Much of the indigenous Indian population of Peru live in poverty and usually practice farming or animal herding to make a living. The economy of Peru is generally less than that of most developed countries of today. Peru has predominately had to rely on income from exports from fishing and mining of metals as its main source of income. Peru is one the world’s largest exporters in fish, and several metals gained from mining. Although Peru has made great attempts at modernizing the country, it has had great difficulty due to rising populations and having to increase food imports resulting from a difficult region for cultivation and
Through the study of the Peruvian society using articles like “The “Problem of the Indian...” and the Problem of the Land” by Jose Carlos Mariátegui and the Peruvian film La Boca del Lobo directed by Francisco Lombardi, it is learned that the identity of Peru is expressed through the Spanish descendants that live in cities or urban areas of Peru. In his essay, Mariátegui expresses that the creation of modern Peru was due to the tenure system in Peru and its Indigenous population. With the analyzation of La Boca del Lobo we will describe the native identity in Peru due to the Spanish treatment of Indians, power in the tenure system of Peru, the Indian Problem expressed by Mariátegui, and the implementation of Benedict Andersons “Imagined Communities”.
How does one define what culture is? Culture is defined as the system of shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that the members of society use to cope with, their world and with one another - transmitted from generation through learning. This is particularly meaning a pattern of behavior shared by a society or group of people; with many things making up a society’s ‘way of life’ such as language, foods etc. Culture is something that molds people into who they are today. It influences how people handle a variety of situations, process information and how they interact with others. However, there are events when one’s own culture does not play a significant role in the decisions that they make or how they see the world. Despite
Country in west central South America, bounded on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil and Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. The area of Peru, including several offshore islands, is 1,285,216 sq km (496,225 sq mi), making it third in size (after Brazil and Argentina) of South America countries. Lima is the country’s capital and chief commercial center.
Ecuador is located in the western South America, bordering the Pacific Ocean at the Equator, between the border countries of Colombia and Peru. Ecuador’s capital is Quito. This country counts with a population of 15,492,000 habitants. The total area is 283,560 sq. km including the Galapagos Island which is very famous in the world. The highest elevation is the Chimborazo Mountain with an altitude of 6,267 m. The Cotopaxi Mountain in The Andes is the highest active volcano in the world. The country’s climate is tropical along the coast; with some low temperature is high elevations and tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands. The natural resources of the Ecuador are petroleum, fish, timber and hydropower. This country counts with a population of 15,492,000 habitants. The country’s official language is Spanish but they have some Amerindian languages such as Quechua spoken by some Indian tribes (Geography, 2005)
Ecuador is located in Northwestern South America bordering the Pacific Ocean between Columbia and Puru. Spanish is the official language known throughout Ecuador, However a very large amount of the population still speak the ancient ican language of the time of the Spanish conquest. The dominant religion of Ecuador is Roman Catholic but over the past decade the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in rural societies seems to be declining. The Culture throughout Ecuador is made up of many different ethnic groups combined together which represent the community in which they live. Ecuador is very famous today for their indigenous music and colorful dance festivals. The ancient people of Ecuador were known to have played homemade instruments like flutes and drums at musical festivals which played a huge role in their lives.
This is because Peruvian cuisine is influenced by various cultures including those of the Inca Empire, Spanish conquistadors, and African slaves (lavidacomida.com). In the 1400s the natives from the Inca Empire sustained themselves mostly with corn, potatoes, and aji otherwise known as chili peppers. To this day Peru, also known as “The Potato Capital of the world”, is well known for its potatoes with 4,000 varieties (foodbycountry.com). Then in the 1500s the Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro introduced new foods such as wheat, barley, beans, carrots, onions, chicken pork, and lam. However, the Spanish conquistadores also brought with them many diseases, which led to tons of natives dying and the fall of the Inca Empire. Diseases were not the only thing the Spanish conquistadors brought with them, they also brought many African slaves. This African slaves introduced new ways of cooking such as frying food. Another culture that greatly influenced Peruvian cuisine were he Chinese immigrants that arrived to build railroads in the 1800s (lacidacomida.com). The Chinese introduced ginger, soy sauce, and green onions. In addition, Peruvian cuisine has a lot of diversity due to Peru being divided into three regions, which are the coast, the Andean highlands, and Amazon rainforest. In the coast the climate is dry and seafood and stews are more prominent. In the highlands farming and
Peruvian cuisine has evolved from both local and immigrant traditions. The cuisines main influences have been the indigenous Incan peoples, the Spanish conquistadors and African slaves that were brought in by the Spanish. In addition, a large influx of Italian, Chinese, and Japanese immigrants brought new flavours in the 19th century. “From the native Quechua and Aymara peoples to Europeans, Africans, and Asians, the unique ethnic makeup of Peru has resulted in a wide variety of cultural and culinary traditions that are all recognized as inherently ‘Peruvian,’” ("History of and Variation in Peruvian Cuisine").
The Chavin were the first major culture to emerge in Peru, around 1000 BC. They also were the great ancestors of the Incas. There’s not much history behind them, little concrete information is known. For the most part the Chavin culture laid the first cultural foundation for later Peruvian civilizations. The culture came to be in 900 BC to 200 BC. This is what is known about the Chavin. Their economy was based on fishing, hunting, and agriculture. They also created methods of irrigation to farm areas around lagoons and rivers. The Chavin’s work was very distinctive with unique metal work, strange pottery, fascinating textiles and religious objects. “Huaca Garaguy” is three pyramids located in Lime, Peru. These pyramids are the last
Peru, known for its historical ruins to its exotic creatures, is definitely a land of extremes. From the first people to settle, to being its nation’s major commercial, cultural, and industrial center it is a captivating country. Peru is the third largest country in South America with the Pacific Ocean as its western border. Colombia and Ecuador are to the north, Brazil and Bolivia to the east, and Chile to the south. The population consists of 29.99 million people. Its main religion is Roman Catholic.
The Transformation of Peruvian Religion In Peru, there are many cultural attributes that makes the country characteristically unique. One aspect of the country that is an essential element of the country’s history, people, and lifestyles is the religion. Over time, religion in Peru has transformed with factors such the Spanish conquistadors, Christianization, and the combining and mixture of the culture of the indigenous Peruvians and of the Christian religion. The lifestyle of the citizenry of Peru is heavily affected by the religion one follows in Peru, and those lifestyles are what set Peru apart from other countries. In Peru, religion is essential to the culture of Peruvians, and that religion that has been embedded in Peru’s culture has transformed greatly over the centuries.
Culture can be defined as “A pattern of basic assumptions invented, discovered or developed by a given group as it learns to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration that has worked well enough to be considered valid, and therefore to be taught to the new members as the correct way to perceive, think and feel in relation to those problems”. Schein (1988)
Anthropologists define the term culture in a variety of ways, but there are certain shared features of the definition that virtually all anthropologists agree on. Culture is a shared, socially transmitted knowledge and behavior. The key features of this definition of culture are as follows. 1) Culture is shared among the members of that particular society or group. Thus, people share a common cultural identity, meaning that they recognize themselves and their culture's traditions as distinct from other people and other traditions. 2) Culture is socially transmitted from others while growing up in a certain environment, group, or society. The transmission of cultural knowledge to the next generation by means of social learning is referred to as enculturation or socialization. 3) Culture profoundly affects the knowledge, actions, and feelings of the people in that particular society or group. This concept is often referred to as cultural knowledge that leads to behavior that is meaningful to others and adaptive to the natural and social environment of that particular culture.
Culture is the totality of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge, material objects and behavior. It includes the ideas, value, customs and artifacts of a group of people (Schaefer, 2002). Culture is a pattern of human activities and the symbols that give these activities significance. It is what people eat, how they dress, beliefs they hold and activities they engage in. It is the totality of the way of life evolved by a people in their attempts to meet the challenges of living in their environment, which gives order and meaning to their social, political, economic, aesthetic and religious norms and modes of organization thus distinguishing people from their neighbors.
The term “culture” refers to the complex accumulation of knowledge, folklore, language, rules, rituals, habits, lifestyles, attitudes, beliefs, and customs that link and provide a general identity to a group of people. Cultures take a long time to develop. There are many things that establish identity give meaning to life, define what one becomes, and how one should behave.