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Life of Pythagoras and his contribution
Who created the Pythagorean theorem
Life of Pythagoras and his contribution
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Pythagoras is one of the most known ancient Greek philosophers. He spent his early years on the island of Samos, where he was born. At the age of forty, he moved to the city of Croton, Italy. Most of his philosophical activity occurred there. Pythagoras gained his famous status by founding a group called the Brotherhood of Pythagoreans. The Brotherhood of Pythagoreans devoted themselves to the study of mathematics. Pythagoras believed that "Number rules the universe,”. Pythagoreans gave numerical values to many objects and ideas. Pythagoras is best known for proving that the Pythagorean Theorem was true. Pythagoreans were interested in philosophy, especially in music and mathematics. Pythagoras and his follower, Pythagoreans, had two ways of making order out of chaos. Music is noise that …show more content…
He believed that a person’s soul does not die and is destined to a cycle of rebirths. His doctrine later came to be known as ‘Pythagoreanism’,. Around 530 BC, Pythagoras migrated to Croton, Italy. There, he founded a philosophical and religious school that attracted many followers. He established society called Mathematikoi. The members of his society lived together and followed strict rules. Pythagoras taught all the members of the society individually and personally. Due to the strict rules, there is not much known of Pythagoras’s school.
Pythagoras has commonly been credited for discovering the Pythagorean Theorem of geometry. Though this theorem was previously utilized by Babylonians and Indians; it is widely believed that Pythagoras was first to prove it. He also studied properties of numbers which would be familiar to us today, like even and odd numbers.
There are very few records of Pythagoras’s personal life. According to some historical accounts, Pythagoras married Theano, a native of Croton. He had one son named Telauges and three daughters Myia, Damo and
Socrates a classical Greek philosopher and character of Plato’s book Phaedo, defines a philosopher as one who has the greatest desire of acquiring knowledge and does not fear death or the separation of the body from the soul but should welcome it. Even in his last days Socrates was in pursuit of knowledge, he presents theories to strengthen his argument that the soul is immortal. His attempts to argue his point can’t necessarily be considered as convincing evidence to support the existence of an immortal soul.
Through history, as said before, many philosophers have supported and developed what Pythagoras first exposed to the world. One of the most important philosophers to support Pythagoras’s ideas was Plato. In some of his writings he discusses the creation of the universe based on the musical proportions discovered by Pythagoras (Timaeus), and the explanation of the sound emitted by the planets, which is exposed in the “Myth of Er” in The Republic. It talks about a man who died and came back to life who narrates how he saw the space and how, in every “sphere,” there was a being singing constantly, each one in a different tone, so a perfect harmony was built. Nevertheless, not everyone agreed with this theory, being one of its most important critics Aristotle, who claimed that Plato’s arguments where false in his text On the Heavens. He acknowledges that it is a creative and innovative theory, but it is absurd to think that such music, which is imperceptible to us, exists in a harmonic way up in the heavens. I am not going to go deeper into that for it is not relevant for the text. As the years went on, many people continued developing this theory. Nevertheless, this philosophical theory, not truly explained until later on, was an inspiration for many artists and that is why not only philosophers but many other artists mention and base their works upon this theory.
Geometry, a cornerstone in modern civilization, also had its beginnings in Ancient Greece. Euclid, a mathematician, formed many geometric proofs and theories [Document 5]. He also came to one of the most significant discoveries of math, Pi. This number showed the ratio between the diameter and circumference of a circle.
Here Pythagoras, better known as a mathematician for the famous theorem named for him, applied theoretical mathematics and the theory of numbers to the natural sciences (Nordqvist, 1). Pythagoras equated the duration of the lunar cycle to the female menstrual cycle and related the biblical equation of infinity as the product of the number seventy and forty to the normal length of pregnancy at 280 days (Nordqvist, 1). More practical, Pythagoras also contributed the idea of medical quarantine to the practice of medicine setting a forty-day period standard quarantine to avoid the spread of disease. While Pythagoras chose the number forty for its perceived divine nature his practical application of a quarantine must have been based on the observation that in some instances disease spreads through contact. The concept of Quarantine is still in use to this day and is an example of how Pythagoras contributed to modern medicine even while his methods were based on “mystical aspects of the number system” Pythagoras and his followers did “attempt to use mathematics to quantify nature” and as a result, medical practice (Ede, Cormack,
Raphael painted the School of Athens from-1510 – 1512. He was commissioned by pope Julius II, with the recommendation of Donato Bramante, the pope’s architect, to work in the Vatican. His first work the School of Athens was loved so much by the pope that he commissioned Raphael to paint the entire papal suite. In the School of Athens, philosophers and intellects from different time periods are arranged as students in a school or academy where everyone is learning off each other. The Stanza della Segnatura was to be Julius’ library which would house a small collection of books intended for his personal use. The walls of the first ...
While not as impactful as the people after him, Heron of Alexandra was one of the first to mention imaginary numbers dating all the way back to the 1st century. Hero of Alexandria was not only a mathematician but an engineer as well and he was considered the greatest experimenter of antiquity at the time. In 50 A.D. he studied the volume of an impossible section of a pyramid, and what it unworkable was the problem √81-114. This problem produces the result √-63, but without any clear understanding in his logic Heron simply wrote √63; this answer might have
Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), son of a physician to the Macedonian ruler, was a Greek philosopher who studied virtually everything from logic to the sciences to ethics. He spent two decades under Plato’s tutelage in the Academy in Athens, then tutored abroad for twelve years, during which he taught Alexander the Great. He settled down afterwards in Athens and established his own school, the Lyceum. He stayed there until the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C. caused an increase of anti-Macedonian sentiment, at which point he left the city and died shortly afterwards due to natural causes. Considered one of the most significant and influential figures of Western philosophy, he produced many written pieces, though most have not survived to this day. Many of those that have, however, are still being studied worldwide.
One of the first philosophers was Socrates who once said, “There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance.” He encouraged his students to examine their beliefs, causing people to realize they held many contradictory opinions and his teaching method became known as the “Socratic method.” The textbook stated that at about age 70, Socrates was brought to court for “corrupting the youth of Athens,” and “neglecting the city’s gods.” Those who understood Socrates admired him deeply, but the majority of people at that time didn’t, causing him to be put to death. However, one of his students, Plato, continued his teacher’s legacy and wrote his most famous work, The Republic, which depicted his version of a perfected governed city. This vision was not a democracy, but of a society in which the citizens naturally fell into the 4 categories of farmers, artisans, warriors, and the ruling class, which include the most intellectual. Plato also founded a school in 387 B.C. called the Academy where Aristotle was taught. Aristotle was another great philosopher and is said to have once argued, “He who studies how things originated… will achieve the clearest view of them.” The Greeks were the beginning of philosophy and made many long-lasting contributions that still affect the Western Civilization
Euclid, who lived from about 330 B.C.E. to 260 B.C.E., is often referred to as the Father of Geometry. Very little is known about his life or exact place of birth, other than the fact that he taught mathematics at the Alexandria library in Alexandria, Egypt during the reign of Ptolemy I. He also wrote many books based on mathematical knowledge, such as Elements, which is regarded as one of the greatest mathematical/geometrical encyclopedias of all time, only being outsold by the Bible.
His view of reincarnation was that a person would arrive in another, spiritual, plane of existence where they would spend an undetermined amount of time learning and preparing for the next time that they would reincarnate into a different body (Markides, 92). He also believes that once someone dies, they will still be able to traverse and interact, to some
Carl Friedrich Gauss is revered as a very important man in the world of mathematicians. The discoveries he completed while he was alive contributed to many areas of mathematics like geometry, statistics, number theory, statistics, and more. Gauss was an extremely brilliant mathematician and that is precisely why he is remembered all through today. Although Gauss left many contributions in each of the aforementioned fields, two of his discoveries in the fields of mathematics and astronomy seem to have had the most tremendous effect on modern day mathematics.
Physics began when man first started to study his surroundings. Early applications of physics include the invention of the wheel and of primitive weapons. The people who built Stone Henge had knowledge of physical mechanics in order to move the rocks and place them on top of each other. It was not until during the period of Greek culture that the first systematic treatment of physics started with the use of mechanics. Thales is often said to have been the first scientist, and the first Greek philosopher. He was an astronomer, merchant and mathematician, and after visiting Egypt he is said to have originated the science of deductive geometry. He also discovered theorems of elementary geometry and is said to have correctly predicted an eclipse of the sun. Many of his studies were in astronomy but he also observed static electricity. Phythogoras was a Greek philosopher. He discovered simple numerical ratios relating the musical tones of major consonances, to the length of the strings used in sounding them. The Pythagorean theorem was named after him, although this fundamental statements of deductive geometry was most likely first an idea from Egyptian methods of measurements. With the help of his followers he discovered that the earth was a sphere, but he did not believe it revolved around the sun.
There are many people that contributed to the discovery of irrational numbers. Some of these people include Hippasus of Metapontum, Leonard Euler, Archimedes, and Phidias. Hippasus found the √2. Leonard Euler found the number e. Archimedes found Π. Phidias found the golden ratio. Hippasus found the first irrational number of √2. In the 5th century, he was trying to find the length of the sides of a pentagon. He successfully found the irrational number when he found the hypotenuse of an isosceles right triangle. He is thought to have found this magnificent finding at sea. However, his work is often discounted or not recognized because he was supposedly thrown overboard by fellow shipmates. His work contradicted the Pythagorean mathematics that was already in place. The fundamentals of the Pythagorean mathematics was that number and geometry were not able to be separated (Irrational Number, 2014).
The 17th Century saw Napier, Briggs and others greatly extend the power of mathematics as a calculator science with his discovery of logarithms. Cavalieri made progress towards the calculus with his infinitesimal methods and Descartes added the power of algebraic methods to geometry. Euclid, who lived around 300 BC in Alexandria, first stated his five postulates in his book The Elements that forms the base for all of his later Abu Abd-Allah ibn Musa al’Khwarizmi, was born abo...
Euclid of Alexandria was born in about 325 BC. He is the most prominent mathematician of antiquity best known for his dissertation on mathematics. He was able to create “The Elements” which included the composition of many other famous mathematicians together. He began exploring math because he felt that he needed to compile certain things and fix certain postulates and theorems. His book included, many of Eudoxus’ theorems, he perfected many of Theaetetus's theorems also. Much of Euclid’s background is very vague and unknown. It is unreliable to say whether some things about him are true, there are two types of extra information stated that scientists do not know whether they are true or not. The first one is that given by Arabian authors who state that Euclid was the son of Naucrates and that he was born in Tyre. This is believed by historians of mathematics that this is entirely fictitious and was merely invented by the authors. The next type of information is that Euclid was born at Megara. But this is not the same Euclid that authors thought. In fact, there was a Euclid of Megara, who was a philosopher who lived approximately 100 years before Euclid of Alexandria.