Feline panleukopenia is a very contagious and serious viral disease caused by a parvovirus. It should be kept in mind that almost all cats will be exposed to this at some point in their life. This is because the virus is so highly resistant. It can live up to a year in the environment and can survive freezing as well as disenfectants. (MarvistaVet, 2011). Feline panleukopenia is commonly called feline distemper although there is no relation between the two. (Delbert Carlson & James M. Giffin, 2008) This disease will affect and kill the cells of the cat’s bone marrow, intestinal tract, and the fetus of a pregnant cat. (VetInfo, 2012) This is such a serious disease with such high mortality rates because of how quick acting the virus is. Within in just 24 hours, the virus has already made its way into the bloodstream of the cat, and in 48 hours it’s already infecting the body’s tissues. This means that in a time as short as two to four days, white blood cells are beginning to be lysed and are declining. (VetInfo, 2012)
This disease is shed in a cat’s urine, feces, saliva, blood, nasal discharge and any other sort of possible bodily fluid. This means that if another cat comes in any sort of contact with these bodily fluids, whether it be direct or through contact with a food or water bowl of an infected cat, the disease may be transmitted. (VetInfo, 2012) When it comes to pregnant cats, the virus can be transmitted in utero to their kittens. If this occurs early on in the pregnancy, abortion of the kitten will happen. If the cat is farther along in their pregnancy, the outcome will be cerebral hypoplasia. This means that the kittens are born with an abnormal cerebrum. Since the cerebrum is responsible for movement and balance, you wil...
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...e in contact. When it comes to disinfecting, however, things like alcohol cannot be used. Bleach or potassium peroxymonosulfate can be used instead when disinfecting. (VetInfo, 2012) Although bleach is an option for the cat’s belongings, it is smartest to just throw out and purchase entirely new stuff for your cat. (petMD, n.d.)
There is not much of an economic or public health significance. Feline panleukopenia is not zoonotic. It can be transmitted from you touching an infected cat and then bringing that virus into contact with another cat, but you yourself cannot contract it. (Michigan Department of Natural Resources, n.d.) The economic significance is the cost of the vaccine as well as the treatment. Since the treatment is only supportive care, costs don’t get too high. Money will be spent on the antibiotics that can be given to combat any secondary infection.
[1, 4, 5, 9, 13] There have been no documented cases where a human has contracted the disease from another human. [4] It appears, based on field and lab data, that infection requires direct contact with the virus through means such as contact with infective bodily secretions, urine, or tissues. [12] It is unknown to scientists how the virus can be maintained in the bat populations and avoids extinction as the host species becomes immune to its presence. [14] The incubation period from time of infection to the onset of symptoms is about 5-14 days in experimentally induced animals [4] and 8-14 days in natural field cases.
Hemoplasmas are transmitted by the transfer of infected blood, either through transfusion, contamination, arthropod vectors (fleas, ticks, mosquitos, flies, and lice), or by vertical transmission between a queen and her offspring (Allison, “New: IDEXX…”). As previously mentioned in the case of the human patient, aggressive behavior such as biting and clawing has also been associated with transmission and is supported by studied reporting hemoplasma DNA in the saliva, on gingiva, and on the claw beds of infected felines (“New: IDEXX…,” Allison).
Vet Tech has always been an option for me, helping animals is something that is very interesting. It was introduced in 1989, the AVMA officially adopted the name “Vet Tech.” In 1998, emergency vets debut on Animal Planet. And in 2008, student population grows from 500 to 700. There are about 17,000 people employed in the career field chosen. Some of the common trends of the job would be, working at Zoos, Aquariums, Boarding Kennels, and Wildlife sanctuaries. These jobs are usually found working in an animal clinic or hospitals and sometimes at farms because that is the “normal” areas for this occupation. In this career there are some general duties such as: Observe animals behavior and conditions, Provide nursing care, Bathe animals, Clip nails, groom animals hair, keep animals calm during exams or procedures. The more specific duties of the job would be to: take x-rays of animals and develop them, get utensils and prepare the animals for surgery, keep and record patient's history. Most of the clinics are open 24 hours. There is not anything that is unusual about the number of hours/nature of the job. (Bls.gov.vettech)
Poliomyelitis is a virus that infects the nerves of the spinal cord, and brain which leads to paralysis and or death (Piddock, 2004). Poliomyelitis is best known today as Polio, and Infantile Paralysis. Tonsillectomy polio would take over the lymph nodes in order to spread the infection throughout the body, leading to muscle paralysis in the limbs, and in some cases respiratory failure. Bulbar polio was a much more severe form, it affected the top of the spinal cord which caused paralysis and inability to swallow fluids (Rifkind, 2005). Polio was transmitted through ingesting materials contaminated by the virus found in feces. Children would play in public swimming pools, and ingest the contaminated water which lead to infection (Piddock, 2004). After the person ingested the virus, it would travel their intestinal tract, and eventually compromise their lymph nodes, making them unable to fight off the virus. Symptoms were like those of the flu, such as fever, headache, and upset stomach. The minority of people were able to let the virus run its course and it would be passed through their feces like any other virus. Others weren’t so lucky, those with compromised immune systems were unable to fight off the virus, the lymph nodes would fail to protect the nervous system causing paralysis once it reached the spinal cord (Piddock, 2004). Poliomyelitis has since then been eliminated in the United States because of the polio vaccine that is giv...
...r good method of protection is simply limiting the possible exposure to the virus. Keeping cats indoors is best, and it is also important to make sure that cats are monitored should they go outside. Contact with an infected cat is possible if a cat left outside alone. (Feline Leukemia Virus)
Samples of tissue from patients infected with the mysterious disease were sent to the CDC Special Pathogens Branch for analysis. After a few weeks and several tests, the virologists linked the disease with an unknown type of hantavirus. Because other hantaviruses were known to be transmitted to people by inhalation or ingestion of rodent feces or urine, our next task was to collect as many species of rodent in the area as possible in order to pinpoint the source of the virus (AMNH). While trapping rodents, we decided that it was worth the risk to not wear protective clothing or masks so as to avoid alarming residents of "The Four Corners" region (CDC). After testing approximately 1,700 rodents we had found a link--the prevalent deer mouse carried the unknown type of hantavirus. But why was this mouse suddenly infecting people in this region? I was becoming frustrated, my years of work in medicine were failing me and I couldn't figure out why these people kept getting sick.
The polio virus affects humans by the fecal-oral route. A given individual ingests water or food contaminated with polio virus, the virus infects the individual, the individual passes the virus in their feces, the virus is in the sewage which enters a watershed where another individual ingests the water and consequently the virus. Polio virus can also spread by person-to-person contact, especially in young children. After entering the host, polio virus travels down the digestive tract to the small intestine where it replicates itself in the B-cells and T-cells of the gut mucosa lining the intestine.
Believe it or not, but investing money in vaccines actually helps our economy. When a person thinks about it, it makes sense. For every vaccine you receive, the less likely you will have to pay medical expenses if you get sick. And that money adds up, “Every $1 invested in immunization returns an estimated $16 in health-care savings and increased economic productivity” (Bustreo par. 4). Using those statistics, every ten dollars a person spends on getting a flu vaccine potentially saves them one hundred-sixty dollars from doctor visits. Imagine what that could do in third world countries where hundreds of people are dying everyday from vaccine-preventable diseases. Imagine how quickly that money could add up. Not only would it save their citizens’ lives, it would actually help their economy
horrible disease was spread by infected rats and fleas and killed 1/4 to 1/3 of the
Disinfecting toys, surfaces, utensils, and bedding should be part of a regular routine in order to prevent the spread of germs which can cause illness.
Between Cats and Dogs). Lastly cats, with their calming purrs and soft furs can reduce the risk
WHO (2011) describes the things that are necessary in order to have an effective program. There must be funding in order to the staffing that is required, infrastructure, as well as being able to purchase the vaccinations. With less people getting developing these diseases, there will be savings in the long run, as well as growth in the economy. WHO (2011) found that it was estimated that in 2003 there was a savings of tens of billions of dollars in direct savings. Pfizer (2014) explains that as long as vaccinations are given during the U.S. Center for Disease and Prevention’s suggested scheduling period, there it is much more likely that morbidity and mortality will be prevented.
It is also argued that animal testing is beneficial to animals themselves and furthers animal welfare. Treatments for rabies, Heartworm, glanders, Feline immunodeficiency virus, and anthrax, as well as other parasitic infections are all advanced from the use of animals in studies. Animal research is ongoing in the veterinary field in hopes of finding an improved treatment for the feline leukemia virus and improving...
The health of the cat is so important and in order to maintain in a health place one has to take care of the pace the cat sleeps. That place must be well cleaned with a natural disinfectant and cleaning it properly by use of a vacuum cleaner that will assist to remove the fleas that have invaded the cat’s sleeping place. But the fleas will automatically go away since they don’t like staying in a clean habitat. Then one can use fresh lemon or citrus being rubbed to the far of the cat it will drive away the fleas leaving the cat comfortable.