Feedback Loop Case Study

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Case Study 1: Feedback Loops

What is a feedback loop?

A feedback loop maintains homeostasis by keeping variables within particular limits. They consist of a stimulus that produces a change in a variable where the change is then detected by a receptor. The receptor sends the information along an afferent pathway to a control centre where it decides how to react. The information is then output from the control center and sent along an efferent pathway to an effector. The effector creates a response to the stimulus and returns variable to homeostasis. (Homeostasis: positive/negative feedback mechanisms 2013)
What are the two sorts of feedback loops and how are they different?

The two sorts of feedback loops are negative feedback loops and positive feedback loops. Positive feedback loops are an amplification and are instant, but not sustained. They are about moving away from a target set point and occur when your body needs something done instantly. Usually, only one stimulus is needed to trigger. An example of a positive feedback loop would be contractions during childbirth. The …show more content…

FSH and LH start development of the follicle. After around 12 days the level of estrogen peaks. The high estrogen level has a positive feedback loop, which fuels the release of FSH and LH. The increase in LH causes the follicle to rupture, and the follicle cells that remain grow into the corpus luteum. When the follicle is mature, progesterone levels rise to stimulate the growth of the uterine lining in preparation for a fertilised egg. Progesterone has a negative feedback loop with the hypothalamus that inhibits GnRH, as well as FSH and LH. If there is no fertilisation, the levels of progesterone drop. This causes corpus luteum starts to shrink, endometrium breakdown, and menstruation begins. (The Ovarian And Menstrual Cycle 2013) (Hormones of the Reproductive System

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