Introduction
This report is based on the major and specific global health problems in the world. Global health refers to the health of all people in the world which concerns about the health issues that go beyond the borders of each country due to the globalization ( Dyar & Costa, 2013). As well as health issues are referred to the health problems created due to this globalization.
The objectives of this essay is to identify and address the global health issues as whole including causes of these issues and impact of these issues. Also it is aim to address the preventive measures to reduce the global issues and report the methods for global health issues identified and understand the global health priorities with regards to major health issues throughout the world.
This assignment consists of two parts. Whereas part 1 will analyses the causes and impacts of health issues to individual, communities and nation. Also will address the preventive measure and methods to overcome from these health issues noted. Moreover in this part will discuss the understanding of global and national health priorities. On the other hand part B will give a comparison about the primary and secondary data of the global burden of disease with that of Maldives situation. Finally, there will be a conclusion based on the findings of this essay.
Part 1
Major Health issues
Before going into the causes, of health problems, let’s have a look on the major global health issues. Following are the some major health issues and size of those problems identified in worldwide.
• Over two thirds of deaths in each year among estimated yearly deaths are due to non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetics, cancer and upper res...
... middle of paper ...
...tly should attend to the most urgent and highest needful problems to reduce the risk of developing those issues. Health priorities include reduction of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), decrease the road traffic accidents rate, reduce the infectious disease and vaccine preventable diseases, prevent transmit of HIV infections and reduce the poverty by minimizing gap between rich and poor. In addition, this health problems should be addressed in accordance to WHO guidelines, Millenniums development goals and according to other international health reporting standards. Moreover understanding the burden of disease is important where it helps to measure weightage of disease in a specific nation with that of the global situation. So supportively this will help to prioritize the urgent health problems in the country which will support the prevention of those health issues.
Mathers, C. D. (2006). Projections of Global Mortality and Burden of Disease from 2002 to 2030. Public Library of Science Medicine, 3(11), e442. April 16, 2011. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030442
I have chosen the Global Health Pathway to further analyze the essential theme from a practical point of view and to recognize vital connections and relations with the coursework I have taken at Santa Clara University. The fundamental theme of the pathway emphasizes on the universal enhancement of public health, lowering inequalities, and prevention of chronic diseases. The overarching connection between the Global Health Pathway theme and the coursework I have taken is fundamentally providing global awareness of public health issues from a socioeconomic, environmental, and biological perspective to the general public. Courses such as Public Health Science 1: Human Health and Disease and Biology 179: Cancer Biology can illustrate a vital connection with the pathway theme. For example, Public Health Science 1: Human Health and Disease course focuses on the improvement of avoiding preventable diseases by designing specific interventions to target certain chronic diseases that are impacting a specific population. The course relates to the Global Health Pathway theme by highlighting multiple public health issues from a socioeconomic viewpoint and environmental perspective by providing awareness to the general population and finding solutions to prevent public health issues. In addition, the Biology 179: Cancer Biology course concentrated on the molecular perspective behind cancer and the processes in acquiring the disease. The course emerges with the Global Health Pathway theme by learning preventable processes to combat cancer and providing awareness to individuals from a biological perspective to prevent one in developing the disease. Both courses introduce a phenomenon of providing awareness of a certain public health issue to the ...
Pang, T. (2004, October ). Globalization and Risks to health . Retrieved 4 22, 2014, from National Library of Medicine: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1299207/
According to Macfarlane et al. (2008), institutions of high-income countries tend to define global health in terms of their “working relationships with low and middle-income countries.” Furthermore, the authors pointed out that global health problems tend to be framed and addressed through the lens of industrialized countries. They also found that recent definitions of “global health” in the literature are predominantly written by authors from institutions in high-income countries (Beaglehole & Bonita, 2010; Koplan et al., 2009). According to Frenk and Moon (2013), global health should be defined by two key elements: its level of analysis, which involves the entire population of the world, and the relationships of interdependence that bind together the units of social organization that make up the global population (i.e. nation states, private organizations, ethnic groups, and civil society movements). Would you agree with critics of global health who claim that it is a modern incarnation of colonial
There are three elements under environment, which are physical, psycho-social, and economic. Health issues do and can arise from environmental factors. Those living in a third world country have limited access to hospitals and care. Despite the age, young or old, people lose their lives because they didn’t have the resources to help them. And in the other hand, those that live in a country where they have access to hospitals and care,
Global health risks: mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks. (2009) WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
Many risk factors associated with preventable diseases that affect the physical bodies are prevalently rising as a result of modern lifestyles. The current system focusses more on financial income, success, jobs, and technology at the expense of intensive focus on wellbeing. The current lifestyles are embedded with modifiable risks, but a lot of efforts are still required. These risks can include tobacco usage, nutrition, and diet, alcohol consumption and exercise. As a result of which there is a tendency towards developing health
To begin with, we have to identify what exactly means for the words “public health”. In general, we usually divided into two different areas. Public health which refers to the health of the environment surrounding in public, such as public transport and public infrastructure. Another explanation of public health means to prevent disease produced by different channels and methods, which also is the most common meaning and what I will mainly working for this paper about public health. First of all, when people mentioned about public health, United States and Japan would be the first two countries to compare with. Because the United States and Japan are basically two of the countries that everybody thinks of the most robust public health system.
London, England. The.. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine n.d., Session 5: The role of the state. in global health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England. Ricci J.
The health of an individual is affected by numerous factors that function on multiple heights and during the course of the life. Even though politicians and healthcare professionals have voiced their concern about the significance of access to and quality of healthcare services in the nation, we have to acknowledge that prevention is also crucial. The prevention of diseases and promotion of health require addressing a much comprehensive set of health policies that shape health-related behaviors (Why We Need Health-Informed Policies & Decision-Making, 2011). Health policies are indispensable vehicles in providing precision with matters and undertakings that are precarious to health and safety. According to the World Health Organization (2017),
Epidemiology in the 21st century has great significance, as health problems become more global, a global approach to health is important. Addressing public health problems on a global basis is fundamental to public health, epidemiology and the understanding of disease frequency. Collaboration across the globe has proved to provide a better outcome for public health and the population (Pearce 2013). Descriptive epidemiology embraces a respectable position within the global approach to disease surveillance along with the frequency of diseases, investigating the causes and underlying causes of disease together with understanding the means to control the disease is epidemiology in public health. The idea of epidemiology is that diseases form patterns
There are numerous public health problems that can be addressed in my Southside of Chicago community. Among the several public health problems facing my Southside of Chicago community there are two that are more urgent. Health education or one might say lack thereof is a problem that needs to be addressed. My community is plagued with many of the residents suffering from high blood pressure, diabetes, and the killer virus known as HIV. In most cases these conditions can be prevented with healthier lifestyles and access to nutritious organic foods. In addition, environmental health is another urgent problem my community is facing. Access to clean, safe water and air is supposed to be a fundamental human right aimed at a healthy environment. Yet, my community consists a waste contaminated beach, numerous deteriorated building that are still occupied, and a countless number of restaurant and stores supplying our residents with services that are endangering their health.
I have always been intrigued by the field of science and that is the reason I pursued the field of Biochemistry for my undergraduate studies. How The Human body works and the different determinants that can affect one's health or a community as a whole have always been captivating to me. I wanted to emerge in a profession that is beneficial for me, my community, and the world I live in. I came to realize through various science courses and health care experiences that a career in health care was the best path for me to outreach my community and the world.
The environment and health are very closely linked. The environment in which we inhabit and go about our daily lives, directly impacts on our physical, mental and social well-being. There are biological, chemical and physical factors that can affect human health in a physical and mental way. The World Health Organisation states that "health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" (WHO 1948), meaning that although many factors relating to health are associated with environmental pollution, they can also be caused by the environment in which we work and live in. The relationship between the environment and health, can however be quite complex. Human health is not only as a result of air, water and ground pollution, but also things such as food, genetics, life style and quality, which directly affect human susceptibility to illness, disease and possibly death. Disruptions to the environment, such as substance dispersal, climate change, acidification, ground pollution, photochemical air pollution and over fertilisation can also impact on human health. Therefore, there are direct and indirect links to the environment and health issues.
According to World Health Organization (1978), primary health care is defined as a universally accessible health care that is socially acceptable, affordable and requires individuals to be more self-reliant with their health care needs. Primary health care has many goals, but the most important is introducing the importance of self-reliance to individuals. The main objective of primary health care is to provide better health for all. In order to accomplish this goal, the world health organization stated five key goals. “The five key goals are: firstly, to reduce exclusion and social health disparities, that is the universal coverage reforms. Secondly, to organize health services based on individuals need and expectation, that is service delivery reforms. Thirdly, to integrate health into all industry sectors, that is public policy reforms. Moving on, the Fourth key goal is leadership reforms and lastlyto increase stakeholder participation”