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Corruption in the qing dynasty
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Empress Dowager Cixi was the last Dowager Empress of China to hold power. She entered history on November 29, 1835 as a rather ordinary Chinese girl named Yehenara. However, there was a certain prestige in being born to a family from the ruling Manchu minority. At age sixteen, she was brought to the Forbidden City to join Emperor Xianfeng's harem—which may sound like punishment to modern ears, but was considered a swank role for Chinese women of her time. Cixi had extremely sharp political sense and implemetned decisively. However, under her rule, the Qing Dynasty grew more corrupt and its power began to diminish. Cixi was born on born November 29, 1835, to a noble Manchu family in China. Some say that prior to age fourteen, she was a beggar on the streets due to her father's opium and drinking problems. Meanwhile, others believe that she was sold as a sex slave to the emperor by her own father. However, by the age of fourteen, historians know that Cixi was a nominee for the position of the imperial concubine. Cixi once said, "I have had a very hard life ever since I was a young g...
Nien Cheng is the author of the autobiography, Life and Death in Shanghai. This book takes place in Shanghai, China, starting around the first few days into the Cultural Revolution. Nien Cheng was a widow in her 50's working as a senior partner for Shell in Shanghai. In late 1966, Nien Cheng was arrested and her house lay looted and vandalized. She was sent to the No.1 Detention House, where staying for six and one-half years, she was punished and pressured for a false confession that she was a spy for the imperialists. She consistently to confess refused and as a result, was tortured many times. She had a daughter named Mei Ping who, refusing to criticize about her mother, was murdered by the Red Guards. Nien Cheng was released in 1973 and was relocated to a house that had 2 bedrooms. (Which she had to live in with another family who spied on her) She stayed in China until 1980, and when she applied for a visa to the United States. She was accepted and she emigrated to Canada and very soon, Washington D.C.
In today’s world, many societies would treat the children indifferently, caring for them and respecting them as an individual. However, in the Qing Dynasty, the gender of the child made a huge difference. This is viewed in The Story of the Stone by the children of the several concubines and how they are able to progress through society. Boys born through concubines are able to reach a place of power in the instance that a male child that is going to be the heir of a royalty or family dies. Therefore, the next male child would fill in to place, including concubine’s children. This is another example throughout The Story of the Stone of the differences in gender relations. Men are able, despite being the child of a mistress, to prevail in society during the Qing Dynasty due to their gender. Males are able to assume positions of power in their life despite who their mother is. Women who are born from a concubine, however, do not have such opportunities, and are viewed as just another girl in the family, and will never have the chance to excel from just being the daughter of a mistress. This shows the Dynasty’s lack of respect for women as a gender in a powerful position as the head of a family or ruling. Girls in the Qing Dynasty did not get the same opportunities as men, as seen above when it comes to positions of
Ban Zhao was born into a well renowned family. Her father Ban Biao was an honored writer and administrator and while still under her father’s roof, she received her elementary education form literate mother before she got married away (Andrea). Ban Zhao was born in ca 45 BC in Angling during the peak of the Han dynasty, the ancient Chinese golden age. Her older brother
Xu Xi is portrayed as rebellious throughout the story. One example of this is how she learned to speak English even though her parents don’t know the language. Xu Xi says, “My acquiring English, which my parents knew naturally not a word, was a sufficiently drastic defiance to last a lifetime , or
Empress Wu Empress Wu is also known as Wu Hou, Wu Chao, Wu Zetian, or Wu Tsê T’ien (“Emulator of Heaven”). She was born in the year 625 AD. She was born and raised in China during the Tang dynasty. Empress Wu was the daughter of Wu Shih-Huo, a rich and noble merchant at the time. The Tang Dynasty was a time of relative freedom for women.
However, not all women embodied to these roles. Some women sought literacy and some high ranking women were highly educated. Empress Dau was an enthusiastic scholar. She lived in a time when Confucian ideals has not yet fully taken hold, and thus, she was able to use her authority to push Daoist ideals upon Emperors Wen and Jing [7]
Marie Antoinette was born November 2nd, 1755, in Hofburg Palace, Vienna, France with the birth name Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna. Her parents were Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Empress Maria Theresa. She lived a very relaxed childhood, playing with common children. Her and her siblings were treated to gardens and menageries. The education she experienced was typical of an eighteenth century aristocratic girl, learning mostly about religious and moral subjects. While she held a close relationship with her older sister, Maria Carolina, her relationship with her mother was different. Marie Antoinette resented her mother and did not spend enough time trying to show love toward her. Her mother left raising the children to a governess and pawned off her daughters to different political figures as wives.
By the time the Qing dynasty ended, the rest of the world basically hated the Chinese. They looked down on other countries that they considered “poor and dirty” and also looked down on merchants and farmers. The Qings control over China was weakened over time due to the series of wars, conflicts, and rebellions over the years. The “good emperors” all died out and eventually the dynasty fell. They lasted a good 3000+ years, much longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history. But without aid from allies and with people attacking constantly, the Qings could no longer take it and the dynasty ended.
as Sung T'ai Tsu, was forced to become emperor in order to unify China. Sung
I also found it somewhat interesting that those who were in command of fleets and armies in China were mostly eunuchs. These eunuchs were fiercely loyal to the emperor. Levathes describes in depth how prisoners would be castrated and become eunuchs. Zheng He was the commander for Zhu Di fleet of treasure ships. Despite him being a eunuch he was not the stereotypical one; he had a big, booming voice and was about six feet tall. Zheng He died on the returning trip to China and is now renowned as one of the greatest real-life legends of all time.
Boje (1995) investigated Walt Disney World and the storied accounts based on the organisation. The storied accounts reveal a darker side of the organisation, in comparison to the “artful and managed construction of Disney” (Boje, 1995:997). Walt Disney portrayed the organisation to be “one, big happy family”, however, this is falsely portrayed as Boje revealed that Walt Disney was an authoritative figure who “rarely allowed any voice other than his own to be heard” (1995:1020). One storied account portrays the negative image of working at Disney world, when 1000 workers picketed against the working conditions, due to the “unfair salaries, poor working conditions and a parochial code of behaviours” (1995:1014). In order to maintain the positive image of the company, Walt fired 20 strikers in an attempt to scare other workers; this had a negative effect with employee engagement. This strike is not recorded in the official Walt Disney World documents, which emphasises the dominant role Walt Disney had in silencing the voices of employees. Hiley (2004) argues that organisations exclude the voices of some individuals, which allows them to maintain the idealised identity of the organisation.
The Qing Dynasty prospered well into the 20th century despite the numerous problems the administration faced. However, during the early days of the 20th century, civil disorders continued to grow in such unmanageable factions that the administration was pushed to do something about it. The high living standards of the previous century had contributed to a sharp increase in China’s population, there was approximately 400 million people living in China around the nineteenth century. This spike increased population density, it also created a surplus of labour shortages, land shortages, inadequate food production and several famines. As an attempt for a solution, Empress Dowager Cixi proclaimed a call for proposals for reform from the generals and governors. There were three reform movements between 1860-1911, “ the Qing court and Chinese provincial officials had tried to adapt a wide range of Western techniques and ideas to China’s proven needs: artillery, ships, the telegraph, new schools, factories, chambers of commerce and international law” (Spence, 234). The first reform being the Self-strengthening Movement the second was the Hundred Days Reform and the last is regarded as the Late Qing reform. These three reforms were similar in the fact that the main objective was to strengthen China. However, there were multiple reasons for the failed plans of the reforms. Analyzing certain individuals and events during the late Qing dynasty will help determine if the Manchus would have been viable leaders for modern China.
The story of Princess Huo’s daughter is a story about a man by the name of Li Yi. Li Yi was from a good family and showed brilliant promise. Even senior scholars admired him. At the age of twenty-one, he hoped for a beautiful and accomplished wife. In Chang’an Li asked a matchmaker by the name of Bao to find him a wife. Li gave her expensive gifts and she was very well inclined to him. One afternoon, some months after talking to Bao Li was sitting in the south pavilion of his lodgings when he heard continuous knocking. Bao entered and Li asked her “What brings you here so unexpectedly, madam”. Boa had found Li a perfect match for a wife, and with the good news Li was ecstatic and leaped for joy. Saying “I shall be your slave as long as I live!” Bao informed him that she was the youngest daughter of prince Huo. Her name is Jade, her mother was the prince’s favorite slave. When the prince died, his sons refused to keep the child, so they gave her a piece of wealth and made her leave. She changed her name, and the people do not know the prince was her father. She is the most beautiful...
Sit, Tony. "The Life of Empress Cixi” (from Issue 10 of the China in Focus Magazine). Society for Anglo-Chinese Understanding (SACU), 2001. .
Even though his ideas were defeated, Mei-ling did not give up and proved her significance by excelling in other projects. Both sisters lived through so much together, and it showed that their influences were both strong, but in different areas. Soong Ching-ling was very supportive of China and although she sided against her sister and drove Mei-ling to Taiwan with her beliefs, she became very successful because of her strength of loving and believing in her country. This was why she became so significant later on in her life. “ [Ching-ling] was a symbol of revolutionary strength throughout the country, particularly among Chinese women, and over many years was a leading advocate for the Communists”(New York Times), proving that she was not only a “pretty face” but in addition, a powerful government-controlling woman.