Charles Dickens: Hard Times
Hard Times is a powerful use of satire. The satire is aimed at the
Victorian school system and some values of the Victorian period. The
novel presents us a fictional town called ‘Coketown’. It introduces us
to a man called Thomas Gradgrind, a satirical character with the basis
of a Victorian school master. Dickens wrote this novel to attack the
Victorian school system because he did not believe that it was right.
He uses satire a great deal in the novel to emphasise how it does not
work and why it should change. The satire is directed ‘The Gradgrind
Philosophy’, Thomas Gradgrind’s belief system.
Gradgrind greatly believes in his ‘philosophy’ even saying ‘‘this is
the principle on which I bring up my own children’’ emphasising his
believes in it. The Gradgrind philosophy is shown to be authoritarian,
bullying and fanatical. He puts forwards these beliefs in an utterly
rigid upfront and violent way. This philosophy reduces the children to
products, practically de-humanising them. It destroys the
children’s imaginations, their innocence and their individuality. The
system is only interested in measuring and is an exaggerated version
on utilitarianism. Utilitarianism originated with the economist Adam
Smith and then Jeremy Bentham built on it. Dickens attacks this
because he believes that individuality and emotions are deeply
important.
Dickens presents us with the character Thomas Gradgrind in this novel.
We are given a very vivid description of him and Dickens uses a number
of devices to do this. His first device is the name ‘Gradgrind’. If
the name is split up you get ‘Grad’ and ‘grind’. The ‘Grad’...
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...ce to show that his system is
incorrect and emotions are necessary but that Gradgrind cannot yet see
this.
In conclusion, I have gathered the impression that utilitarianism was
a great part of Victorian society but that does not make it right. It
was a corrupt schooling system and was perverted. Dickens uses a
variety of devices to share the folly in the novel, but I think that
the juxtaposition between Sissy and Bitzer was important and the
metaphors and similes emphasised the inadequacies of the system. I
think that the Gradgrind Philosophy and utilitarianism had a lot of
effect on the next generation because it did not continue it just
emphasised the mistake that was made by Jeremy Bentham. If Dickens had
not written this novel then we might have still lived in a corrupt
environment with clones and no emotion.
An example of satire that Kurt Vonnegut uses is when he designs the government of San Lorenzo. San Lorenzo is a small island somewhere in the Caribbean. The people in San Lorenzo are doomed to failure no matter what leader they have, and they have always been this way. San Lorenzo, in the novel, is pictured as one of the most unsuccessful and useless places on earth. The people there are very poor, do not have much to eat, and do not have any motivation left at all, "Johnson and McCabe had failed to raise the people from the misery and muck" (Scholes 133). Thus, that is why they do not care anymore who there leader is going to be, because they know that they are going to fail anyway, "Everybody was bound to fail, for San Lorenzo was as unproductive as an equal area i...
He uses the ideas and attitudes already in existence and gives them a plot. He uses sarcasm to show the readers the error of their ways and then makes the main character suffer some how to show the consequences of being the way George F. Babbit is.
On February 7, 1812, a popular author named Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth, England during the Victorian Era and the French Revolution. He had a father named John Dickens and a mother named Elizabeth Dickens; they had a total of eight children. In Charles’s childhood, he lived a nomadic lifestyle due to his father 's debt and multiple changes of jobs. Despite these obstacles, Charles continued to have big dreams of becoming rich and famous in the future. His father continued to be in and out of prison, which forced him, and his siblings to live in lodging houses with other unwanted children. During this period of depression, Charles went to numerous schools and worked for a boot cleaning company. This caused him
The French Revolution can best be described by Dickens in the opening phrase of his novel A Tale of Two Cities: “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times” (Dickens 1). A Tale of Two Cities, written by Charles Dickens in 1859, takes place in London and Paris during the French Revolution. The book tells the story of a circle of people living and fighting during this dangerous time. These characters include Dr. Manette, a doctor and prisoner of the Bastille for eighteen years who is just reunited with his lovable daughter, Lucie, for the first time since his imprisonment. Mr. Lorry is a banker and family friend of the Manette’s and Charles Darnay is a kind, generous man with a corrupt, noble family who marries Lucie. The Defarges are a married couple who lead the peasants’ revolt in the Revolution, and Sydney Carton is a lawyer’s assistant with a seemingly wasted life, but finds his life’s worth in the end. From these characters and this story, the theme of sacrifice is well displayed, especially the sacrifice for loved ones. The book shows us that love overcomes evil every time through the sacrifices of Miss Pross, Dr. Manette, and Sydney Carton.
We often see satire in our everyday lives such as on televisions, novels, and music; but why is satire used? Satire is a form of writing used to denounce human vice, giving readers an insight on the flaws that the author sees in society. There are two different types of way to present satire: horation and juvenialian. In the three works: Candide by Voltaire, Don Quixote by Miguel De Cervantes, and A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift all demonstrate the use of satire. However, Don Quixote presents only horation satire and A Modest Proposal uses juvenalian satire, while Candide uses both types of satire. By combining both horatian and juvenilian satire one’s piece is able to present social criticism more effectively than only using one.
One form of satire that particularly stands out is his use of diction. Both speakers are so focused on oppresing on the other group that they allow emotions to invade their arguments. For example in
In Bleak House, by Charles Dickens, Mr. Vholes is Richard Carstone’s legal advisor. Introduced to Richard by Mr. Skimpole, Vholes encourages and assists Richard as he attempts to unravel the mysteries of the Jarndyce and Jarndyce case in Chancery. Vholes, however, may not have the best intentions. Through descriptions of his gloomy physical appearance, suspicious actions, and unfortunate connections to English law, Dickens paints a vivid image of Mr. Vholes—a man who cannot be trusted. Vholes, therefore, is made up of multiple layers; as each layer peels away, the reader understands a little bit more of this secretive man. Surprisingly, Mr. Vholes is seen as more and more evil as readers journey to the center of his being.
Hard times is set in the 1840’s in the North of England. It’s set at a
love does not exist in this world then the people who live on it will
Satire is defined as “the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people’s stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues” (Oxford). The best satirical writers can make the reader believe that an idea is “logical and practical.” This is seen in great abundance in Aldous Huxley’s novel, Brave New World. Through his writing, Huxley uses satire to effectively point out the flaws of society at the time. Even though Brave New World was written in 1931, the satirical points Huxley makes are still relevant in today’s world.
Satire is a genre of literature that many authors have written in, particularly when writing in or about the Victorian time period. Authors would write satirical novels with the intent to provide constructive social criticism, to draw attention to issues in their society, and to shame individuals, corporations, governments, and society, in general, into improvement. Two writers who successfully use satire in their works are Oscar Wilde and Virginia Woolf. Both writers satirize gender roles and social status in their respective works of The Importance of Being Earnest and Between the Acts. In his play, Wilde utilizes the techniques of inversion and puns to get his satire across, which work together to form a specific critique of marriage and social status in a Victorian society, and those that enforce these rules. Woolf, on the other hand, uses both parody and irony to create a more relatable and less direct viewpoint on society and the people who fit into it. Both Oscar Wilde and Virginia Woolf use satire to criticize gender roles and social status in a Victorian society, but through different techniques direct their satire at different audiences.
Social Classes of Industrial England in Charles Dickens' Hard Times In his novel, Hard Times, Charles Dickens used his characters to describe the caste system that had been shaped by industrial England. By looking at three main characters, Stephen Blackpool, Mr. Josiah Bounderby, and Mr. Thomas Gradgrind, one can see the different classes that were industrial England. Stephen Blackpool represented the most abundant and least represented caste in industrial England, the lower class (also called the hands) in Charles Dickens' novel. Stephen was an honest, hard-working man who came to much trouble in the novel, often because of his class.
Charles Dickens' Exploration of the Victorian Society's Awful Treatment Of The Children Of The Poor
Mark Twain establishes satire though logical appeal. He had concrete evidence throughout his writing. He demonstrates logical appeal, so the reader can be more engaged in his humorous advice. For example, as Mark Twain discussed on page 7 paragraph 5-6 “you want to be careful about lying; otherwise you are nearly sure to get caught,” (7). He included
The death of God for many in the Victorian era due to scientific discoveries carried with it the implication that life is nothing more than a kind of utilitarian existence that should be lived according to logic and facts, not intuition or feeling – that without God to impose meaning on life, life is meaningless. Charles Dickens, in Hard Times, parodies this way of thought by pushing its ideologies and implications to the extreme in his depiction of the McChoakumchild School.