Background Of Poverty Essay

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Background of the Study
The existence of poverty is bluntly exposed in every human eye. Many studies are conducted to measure the different dimensions of poverty (Herrera et al., 2006), such as the effects of using objective (indirect) and subjective (direct) ways of measuring poverty (Kangas and Ritakallio, 2004). So what does poverty all about? Poverty is not just an objective status that can be described on the command over goods but it is also a personal judgment of every individual whether they are poor or not (Van Praag & Ferrer-i- Carbonell, 2008).
Frey and Stutzer (2002) posited that poverty studies should not only look at poverty but aiming also to reduce its rate, this and that poverty, though usually, is studied in financial terms by equating the level of their income or consumption with a given edge. In studying poverty, income is the most common factor that is being use in order to classify how poor the person is. Besides this type of approach is one of the backbones of the first researches about poverty (Rowntree, 1971) but Sen (1985) mentioned that income or the level of the material consumption of a household is only a part of their voluntary decision.
Poverty viewed objectively focuses on its financial aspects by which households are considered poor if they don’t have enough income to satisfy themselves in their living (Townsend, 1979). On the other hand, poverty can be view subjectively, in which subjective poverty defined by Marks (2007) as a self-assessing method on how the respondents view themselves as poor or very poor. Subjective poverty is based on people’s personal perception of their own wellbeing (Crettaz & Suter, 2013).
Thus, according to Frey and Stutzer (2002) that there are few studies that focus on...

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...members affects the poverty threshold (Blank, 2008); Monthly income means that aggregate income should be normalized for cost-of-living differences in which can be considered a sufficient statistic for welfare (Ravallion, 2008); Number of family members working, Marks (2007) explains on his research that poverty is aggressively associated with the labor force in which it has something to do in the increasing number of poor households; Number of family members dependent ages [0-14] & [65 & above] Self, Randall & Thomas (2012), state that information about the household can be based on the composition of the household or family; and Head of the household [Male or Female] Rynell (2008) stated on his study that men are earning more higher than women, 29.4 percent of women in 2005 earned poverty-level wages or less, expressively higher than the share of men (19.9%).

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