Minority Representation The issue of minority representation in special education came into the forefront for educators, parents and politicians during the mid 1990’s. In 1992, Black students accounted for 16 percent of the total U.S. student population, but represented 32 percent of students in programs for mild mental retardation, 29 percent in programs for moderate mental retardation, and 24 percent in programs for serious emotional disturbance (Robertson, Kushner, Starks, & Dreschler, 1994). This overrepresentation of Black and other minority students in special education is an ongoing national problem. This problem will be addressed according to the following criteria regarding minority representation in special education. The first issue where minority students in special education are concerned is that minority students may be unserved or receive services that do not meet their needs. Another issue that will be discussed is that some minority students may be misclassified or inappropriately labeled especially in the area of mental retardation and serious emotional disturbance. The final issue that will be discussed is the actual placement of minority students in special education programs may be a form of discrimination. The purpose of this paper is to inform and expand upon minority overrepresentation and the needs of minority students. Minority students may be unserved or receive services that do not meet their needs. Testing constraints such as high incidence of ethnic or linguistic minorities and low socio-economic status can lead to minority students not receiving services that meet their needs. Research shows that socio-political factors such as social deviance variables (eg. school suspension and corporal punishment) and school violence also lead to minority students being unserved in special education. Identification and placement practices have caused problems with identification because of the vagueness of the criteria for elegibility (Artiles, Aguirre-Munoz, Abedi, 1998). Congress has found that although minority students are increasing in number in schools, many minority students are not receiving a free, appropriate public education. Students who are at a high risk of failure are those who live in urban and high poverty environments because they have been in appropriately identified and placed or not placed at all in special education.
Described as "the brightest star on the Canadian contemporary music scene" , Alexina Diane Louie is one of Canada’s most celebrated contemporary composers. Notably named "Composer of the Year" by the Canadian Music Council in 1986, Louie's music has been widely commissioned and performed by top orchestras in Canada, as well as internationally. She is mostly known for her distinctive compositional approach of fusing the styles of Asian and Western music together, creating a unique style that sets her apart from her contemporaries. Though her musical style is well known, the journey behind realizing this style is not. One could hastily assume that her inspiration from fusing the music of the East and West would be effortless because of her Chinese heritage. However, the path for Louie to experience Asian music and use it as inspiration is actually quite complex, which makes understanding it essential to truly appreciate her works. It is important to recognize that even though Louie is of Chinese heritage, she did not grow up along with Asian music. Therefore, it is intriguing to figure out how and why she came towards her decision to fuse Eastern and Western styles in her compositions. By being aware about how her style developed, we can thoroughly understand why she composes in this distinctive way. In addition to her style, Louie has also been a very strong advocate for Canadian composers and their works, which is important to understand as it emphasizes her impact in the world as a Canadian composer herself. To understand Louie's compositions, as well as her role as a Canadian composer, we must discuss Louie's biography and education to discover how they have impacted her composition process
The first factor that played a key part in the deaths of Romeo and Juliet is the fact that Friar Lawrence was a coward. When Juliet awakened after her two-day sleep only to find Romeo and County Paris dead, she is in a very unstable state. Instead of being responsible and staying with Juliet to comfort her and make sure that she doesn’t harm herself or others, he tells her that he will make her a nun “Come, come away. Thy husband in thy bosom there lays dead and Paris too. Come, I’ll dispose of thee among a sisterhood of holy nuns.” (5. 3.166-169). The only selfish reason he wanted to make Juliet a nun is so that no one ever finds out that he secretly married Romeo and Juliet...
Lawrence proves to be very wise on the subject of love and lust. On the other hand, his choices changed Romeo and Juliet's lives forever. “Young men's love then lies not truly in their hearts, but in their eyes.” (II, III, 67-68). This is noted after Romeo pleads that he has forgotten all about Rosaline and intends on being wed to Juliet. The Friar realizes Romeo may simply be acting on impulse after his recent heartbreak. He does not wish for either child to get in trouble or suffer any more heartbreak, however that is exactly what he sets them up for. “Thy love did read by rote, that could not spell. But come, young waver, come go with me. For this alliance may so happy prove to turn your households' rancor to pure love.” (II, III, 88-92). This means, even though Romeo says he loves Juliet, he has not lived to fully know what that means. However, the Friar will marry the...
“Together the matrices of race and music occupied similar position and shared the same spaces in the works of some of the most lasting texts of Enlightenment thought..., by the end of the eighteenth century, music could embody differences and exhibit race…. Just as nature gave birth and form to race, so music exhibited remarkable affinities to nature” (Radano and Bohlman 2000: 14). Radano and Bohlman pointed out that nature is a source of differences that give rise to the different racial identities. As music embodies the physical differences of human, racial differences are not only confined to the differences in physical appearances, but also the differences in many musical features, including language, tonality and vocal expression. Nonetheless, music is the common ground of different racial identities. “In the racial imagination, music also occupies a position that bridges or overlaps with racial differences. Music fills in the spaces between racial distinctiveness….” (Radano and Bohlman 2000:8) Even though music serves as a medium through which different racial identities are voiced and celebrated individually, it establishes the common ground and glues the differences
Among the predominant explanations offered for the existence of disproportionate ethnic representation in special education is the influence of poverty or socioeconomic disadvantage on the academic readiness of minority students. The National Research Council (NRC) reported on research that was conducted and concluded with a “definitive yes” that there are “biological and social/contextual contributors to early development that differ by race and that leave students differentially prepared to meet the cognitive and behavioral demands of schooling” (Skiba, et al. 131). The NRC suggested that the effects of a number of biological and social factors could be included under the broader heading of poverty. The relationship between disproportionality and poverty
...vironments then blacks. Minority students are being over represented in special education programs. As an African American, I will need to prepare myself for my future as an educator. When I become a teacher, I may encounter a student that has difficulties keeping up with his peers. I need to know whether this student is a slow learner or a victim of the achievement gap. This research has taught me abo¬ut the factors that have disproportionately affected African-American, Latino, Asian, and other non-white students. I will use this information to contribute to both my future research and career.
Kulling, Matthew. “GTA:Link between violence and video games lacks a smoking gun.”. marquettetribune.org. 15 Nov 2013.
World War 2 majorly increased medical knowledge because of disease, mass injury, and rebuilding efforts. World war 2 Ran rampant with diseases, infections, and illness in not only soldiers, but civilians too. Gangrene was a massive problem during the war, But with the inventions of the time A way to prevent further sickness Quickly developed under the chaos of rifle fire. The use of sulfur to prevent illness wa discovered, along with things like prontosil, and penicillin to stop infections. For civilians The war sped the work to discover. In the Battlefield Hospitals Were built with not only supplies to help sustain life, But filled with knowledge in books. And with the newly acquired radio,Though Not Perfect, made Communication across miles
The first violent video game invented was during the 1970’s (Anderson & Bushman, 2001), since then, the degree of violence present in a video game has significantly increased. Today, the graphics, sounds, characters in video games have become more realistic than before any of the past years. Real-life associations are easier to make if a video game is realistic. Violent video games impacts individuals psychologically, physiologically and socially. On one side, these elements results in an increase in aggression, addiction, lack of empathy and desensitization (Myers, 2013, p. 295), fluctuation of heartbeats, high levels of blood pressure, and changes in the perception of society (Anderson & Bushman, 2001 ). In the other case, the individuals do not experience these effects altogether or experience very little because of factors such as strong morals and they have no symptoms of any mental illnesses such as depression or anxiety (MediResource, 2013). These individuals demonstrate a high level of cognitive development like critical thinking and motivational skills (Myers, 2013, p. 295).
As a character you are controlling walks through the bank, cops begin to swarm around you, and you are forced to kill them or be killed by them. After you kill the cops you rob a bank and gain around 2 million dollars. That is one of the very first missions in the popular game Grand Theft Auto 5. Grand Theft Auto 5 broke several records the first day it came out. Some of these records include best selling video game in 24 hours, fastest video game to gross $1 billion and it had the most viewed trailer for an action-adventure video game (Lynch). Grand Theft Auto 5 is a very violent video game, as well as very profane in the language and gestures used. I can personally vouch for the violence of this game as I bought this game the day it was released. However, Do games like Grand Theft Auto have negative effects on teenagers? Many people relate violent video games to aggressive behavior in
...cerns regarding violent themes in their games, Rockstar has made attempts to have the game more resemble a film structure. The makers have clearly given the game a plot and narrative structure. They have also hired script writers and voice actors. Rockstar have included pre-rendered cut-scenes to enhance the gaming experience by giving context to its violent action. These scenes are a feeble attempt to justify the mindless violence that pervades the entire game.
Some may say music is just music; a song is just a song. However, music plays an enormous role in our psychology, because a single song has the ability to bring about many kinds of thoughts and emotions in the listener. Music is subtly one of the main factors in which people identify with certain groups and establish their belonging in society. It shapes people’s perspectives on how the world functions and the roles they play within it. Music can function the same way in a culture; it can reflect many of the culture’s values and ideologies. Music can have many effects on culture and the people’s idea of who they think they are within that culture. Music can serve in a way that promotes cultural identity and pride, yet it could also play a role in the separation of social and economical identities in within cultures.
Sports started more for entertainment, however, its growth has transformed it into one of the biggest industries in the world fighting to be the most powerful and profitable (Pederson 2011). There has been the advocacy for women’s opportunity, the extension of marketing recruitments, and the redefinition of international sports giving poorer countries the chance to host global events due to their economic growth in recent years (Pederson
The influence that music has throughout the world is immeasurable. Music evokes many feelings, surfaces old memories, and creates new ones all while satisfying a sense of human emotion. With the ability to help identify a culture, as well as educate countries about other cultures, music also provides for a sense of knowledge. Music can be a tool for many things: relaxation, stimulation and communication. But at the same time it can also be a tool for resistance: against parents, against police against power. Within the reign of imported culture, cross cultivation and the creation of the so-called global village lies the need to expand horizons to engulf more than just what you see everyday. It is important to note that the role of music in today’s world is a key tool in the process of globalization. However, this does not necessarily provide us with any reasons that would make us believe that music has a homogenizing affect on the world.
Music has played a role in society since the dawn of man. Said to be the beginning of communication in early civilization, music and dance have influenced how we think, act and treat members of our own society. Song and dance is used in rites of passage ceremonies such as births, weddings and funerals throughout the world. Jamaican and Yoruba cultures have made many contributions to our society. The uses of this music as a vehicle for political issues, values, and beliefs have been used by many musicians from different cultures. I intend to discuss the Contribution of these two contemporary cultures music and their effect on society.