Drugs and Decay
Drugs and decay; Iran; Iran's losing fight against drugs. (International)(Brief Article) Full Text: COPYRIGHT 2001 Economist Newspaper Ltd. TABOO subjects, Muhammad Khatami has insisted, should be talked about. Before he was elected president in 1997, most Iranians were unaware of their high level of drug addiction. But now, thanks to press reports and unexpectedly lively debate, everyone knows that the country has about 2m opium and heroin addicts, and that the effects are tugging at the social fabric.
The discussion has spurred efforts to stop the flow of Afghanistan's opium, morphine and heroin into Iran, and thence to Turkey and Western Europe. The security forces have stationed 30,000 men on the long border, and fortified lengths of it with trenches and concrete barriers. During a violent period at the end of last year, this border force, which has lost 3,000 men in two decades of fighting the smugglers, was ambushing well-armed gangs almost daily.
Their efforts have brought some eye-catching successes. Iran claims 85% of world-wide opium seizures last year, and 45% of morphine and heroin seizures. In February the police raided "Cannibal Island", a squalid corner of Tehran and its biggest drugs supermarket. They arrested about 500 people, before bulldozers razed the area. "It's difficult to see what more they can do," said an admiring Keith Hellawell, the head of Britain's anti-drugs campaign, when he visited Iran earlier this year. "It's a war."
To give itself a better chance, Iran has modified its foreign policy. Rather than persist with its refusal to talk to the Taliban, Iran is now helping the Afghan government to transform its poppy fields into prairies of wheat. The UN says that the Taliban may have cut poppy cultivation by 70%. Indeed, in the past three months, the price in Tehran of a mesqal of opium, the five-gram unit of choice, has soared from $2.50 to $9.
But talk of victory is premature. However courageous and efficient they are, Iran's border forces and police probably intercept no more than 30% of the drugs that enter the country. Junkies and aid workers alike suspect that the rise in opium prices has less to do with crop substitution and record hauls than it has to do with stockpiling. Moreover, the price of heroin, which is more addictive and more lethal than opium, has stayed absurdly cheap: one (highly adulterated) hit in Tehran costs 50 cents.
Growing poppy is seen as a real opportunity for Afghan farmers and families. Many are persuaded by the income the poppy heads are bringing in and is convinced that this illicit crop is the only survival. Afghan families are weaken by the drug trade. They are developed inconsistent ways to accumulate wealth. They are becoming stuck in an ongoing cycle of opium and debt. The drug and crime connection varies and innocent families are caught in the crossfire. Nawa just provided with this text that crime does cause drug use. The stressful life on growing and selling opium leads to daughter being used to pay off a
four years ago, no heroin was produced in Colombia; it now ranks third in the world in poppy
The drugs issue is a major problem in Australia. A simple solution cannot be found to solve this great problem because there are so many decisions, thoughts and sacrifices that need to be made. All sides of the issue must be considered when making such a large decision. To find a solution, several tests, meetings, interviews and research need to be made, to name a few. Extreme care is needed when challenging such major issues, all aspects of the problem need to be considered.
Sports psychology can be defined as the study and application of the attitudes and behaviors of athletes (including team athletes) that impact (either positively or negatively) performance in sports or competitive settings. The goal of sports psychology is to help athletes and teams identify unhealthy attitudes and beliefs, apply mental toughness skills and peak performance strategies to perform at optimal levels (Cohn). Sports psychology is not recognized as a traditional field of practice offered by graduate programs; although, it is a recognized field of specific study under Kinesiology and Physical Education Programs. Sports psychology was first founded in 1920 by Carl Diem in Berlin, Germany. Later on, in 1925, sport psychology was brought to the U.S by Cloman Griffith. These early psychologists aimed to observe the effects of mental state on different factors of performance such as reaction time, tension, relaxation, and awareness (Haney). In the 1960’s Griffith’s research interest in sports psychology reemerged after having faded away for a while; however, the field had a...
Athletes train for weeks, months, or even years for one single event in their sport. They are relentless in their workouts and strength training. They go out and show what they can do for everyone to see. But is there more to it than what the eye can see? Mindfulness is a word used to describe one’s mental strength and concentration. Mindfulness is defined as “state of active, open attention on the present. When you're mindful, you carefully observe your thoughts and feelings without judging them good or bad. Instead of letting your life pass you by, mindfulness means living in the moment and awakening to your current experience, rather than dwelling on the past or anticipating the future.” (Mindfulness). This is becoming a highly discussed practice used by many successful athletes. Lebron James has sworn by meditation before games or high pressure situations, along with Derek Jeter, and Olympic beach volleyball partners Misty May-Treanor and Kerri Walsh Jennings. They are only a few of
The causes of World War II can be attributed to the following ideas or events: the mentality of power is strength by Heinrich von Treitschke, the Treaty of Versailles, the global depression following the end of World War I, and Nazi Imperialism.
There were many causes that led to World War Two, some of them being: The Treaty of Versailles, the rise of Japan as a world power, the rise of fascism in Italy and Germany, and The League of Nations. However, the main reason that the Second World War was inevitable was unquestionably due to the rise of Adolf Hitler. WWII was directly brought about by his actions in the 1930s. Even though the League of Nations had set measures in place to avoid this happening, they were unable to prevent the war due to the fascist thinking that led Hitler to believe that Germany could win the war.
Creative new training methods, developed by coaches, athletes and sport scientists, are aimed to help improve the quality and quantity of athletic training ( Kellmann, 2010, p.1). However, these methods have encountered a consistent set of barriers including overtraining ( Kellmann, 2010, p.1). Due to these barriers, the need for physical and mental recovery in athletics brought an increasing attention in practice and in research ( Kellmann, 2010, p.1).
World War Two was the most devastating conflict in the history of humanity. It crippled many nations and caused millions of people to die. One of the major causes of this disastrous war was the Treaty of Versailles which ended the First World War. This treaty was destructive towards the Germans. Germany had to pay large amounts of reparations to the Allied nations at the end of World War One resulting in a Great Depression in Germany. Additionally, the Treaty of Versailles’ war guilt clause forced Germans to admit full responsibility for starting the war. Furthermore, to gain the support of the German populace, Adolf Hitler adopted an effective propaganda campaign. Adolf Hitler employed a successful propaganda campaign to gain the support of the German people combined with the Treaty of Versailles harsh economic and political sanctions ignited World War Two.
...the javelin a greater distance, or jumping the highest bar. Some of them spend more time thinking about the event than they do practicing it. Because they believe it will work, it works” (Olney 5). Most often, when an athlete visualizes the outcome they want, that’s exactly what they end up doing. The brain is getting trained for actual performance. Imagery can enhance motivation, confidence, prime your brain for success, and increase states of flow (Gregoire 2). During visualization, athletes incorporate all of the skills that they perform in their sport in great detail before their event. It helps them have a general image in their mind of how they are going to perform, and gives them a more confident and positive attitude towards it.
The Treaty of Versailles, initially created to keep peace in Europe and ensure that another war like World War I wouldn’t happen again, had in fact, backfired and spiraled the world down into a deeper, bloodier battle. The treaty discriminated strongly against Germany, with the loss of territories, military restrictions, economic reparations, and the War Guilt Clause. It caused humiliation and anger within Germany, and led to Hitler and the Nazi Party coming to power. World War II was not only started by Adolf Hitler and Germany, but had a lot to do with the humiliation that Germany felt when the terms for the Treaty of Versailles were laid down. The harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles may be indirectly related to the cause of World War II, but nonetheless was a huge factor in starting the war.
Australia has spent a great amount of years battling the fight against drug abuse. One drug in particular keeps reappearing, Ecstasy. According to the International Narcotics Control board (INCB), “Australia has been very successful at reducing drug deaths and the use of heroin...the result has been a move to drugs like ecstasy, which are regarded by many people as less dangerous.” (Watters 1). Although Australia has been able to reduce the use of other illegal drugs in their country, the usage of Ecstasy continues to grow and feed on their population. Australia has been working on finding new ways to keep certain drugs out of their country, such as Heroin, and has been successful but due to the lack of heroin in the country, many choose to turn to easier more obtainable drugs, such as Ecstasy.
At every level of the illicit narcotics market – from cultivation to production to trafficking and consumption – the narcotics trade saps the capacity of the Afghan people and undermines good governance. Equally as scary is what happens to the narcotics trade on Afghanistan’s democratic human development and institutions, which America has supported through heavy investment. Counter narcotics efforts within Afghanistan are fundamentally the responsibility of the Afghan government and people. This is why, across the board, we will focus even more intensively on building the Afghan government’s capacity to successfully and sustainably take responsibility for future
I am analyzing a photograph that was taken in Afghanistan in July of 2010. Afghanistan is a place where a very large portion of the population is addicted to heroin and other drugs. This country is torn apart from all of the wars and fighting that has occurred there. It is so difficult for farmers to make enough to support their families so they have to grow illegal plants and sell them to make a profit. Militant groups are also funded by the sales of these drugs. Not many users in Afghanistan know about the dangers of diseases found in blood such as HIV or AIDS. The country is simply too poor to afford education on these matters. The image shows how an old, dirty rag has been firmly wrapped around the bicep of the arm and a needle is being inserted into the vein of the man. The chances that the needle is dirty and has been used before are very high. Infection is another risk for them because of the dirty conditions they are living in. This image was taken to show how drugs can affect the environment a person lives in by appealing to the viewer’s pathos, logos, and ethos.
Sports psychology continues to evolve in order to ensure that comprehensive and evidence-based psychological services are available for athletes and teams. Giving athletes an understanding of their psychological functioning, and building the ability to implement a range of psychological strategies in competition enables athletes to both execute their skills and thrive under pressure as they strive to reach their performance potential.