Understanding Internet Taxation
Internet taxation means that there are taxes that are applied to things purchased on the internet and fees that are linked to Internet access. They call sales that are made over the internet “E-commerce”. This topic is very important because as the internet grows so does the taxes and the overall cost of doing business via the internet. If this issue goes out of control and things get too expensive the world isn’t going to want to pay the heavy fees to buy merchandise. The internet taxation problem came about in 1998 when the internet was just starting to warm up. Eventually, this topic of internet taxation is going to affect everybody either directly or through business or simply by trying to obtain internet access within their home.” In 1998, the federal government passed the Internet Tax Freedom Act as a part of the 1998 budget bill.” (House Research, 1998) Well, this was decided on in 1998 to have it be a tax free issue but that was only for three years. President Bill Clinton passes this bill right when the internet and e-commerce was taking off. (csg.org) all this bill did was make it so there wasn’t any tax for three years. It couldn’t have lasted forever. Now taxation on the internet has become an issue that is decided on from state to state.
Only ten states in the country tax internet access in 1998. They are North Dakota, South Dakota, New Mexico, Texas, Iowa, Wisconsin, Tennessee, Vermont, West Virginia, and Delaware. (House Research 1998) The other remaining states either don’t have state tax in general or they do not tax internet access. In 1999, the committee of the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) had a meeting and decided to go ahead and have local taxation of telecommunications and e-commerce. They said that this was due to the need for it for it locally and because there was so many rapid changes with technology and the competitiveness of e-commerce that was developing. Now let’s fast forward to 2004. “On June 28th, Michigan became the 21st state to enact legislation to comply with the Streamlined Sales and Use Tax Agreement.” (See Figure 1)What the Streamlined Sales and Use Tax Agreement does is it “provides the states with a blueprint to create a simplified sales and use tax collection system that removes the burden and cost from sellers and thus allows justification for Congress to overturn other decisions.
The game of baseball can be divided into three broad categories: hitting, pitching, and defense. No other facet of the game gets as much attention as hitting. For example, every year the MLB puts on a home run derby. No other part of the game draws as much attention. The traditional statistic that measure hitting ability is batting average (BA or AVG). To find a players batting averag...
A good batter will use almost all of these rotational and torque energies either before or durning contact with the ball. After contact your body is relaxed and its remaining motion is smooth, this extra motion is caused by the momentum of the bat pulling the arms up and through.Your follow through is also very important, even though the ball has already been hit it is ideal that you complete your swing so that you're not thrown off balance by that extra momentum when you start to run.
Now what I will need for this experiment is two aluminum bats, they don’t need to be the same exact bat, but they will be the same length and weight. I’ll need a few racquet balls and I will probably try it with bou...
Baseball is a fascinating sport that is exceptionally fun to play. This assignment is all about understanding the physics of a few key aspects of this sport. One might ask what physics could have to do with baseball? Like most sports baseball involves physical motion. Baseball encompasses all three planes of motion through throwing, hitting, and fielding. All of the classical laws of mechanics can be applied to understand the physics of this game.
If you hit the ball at a bat's "nodes", the frequencies (each bat vibrates at several low and high frequencies at once, which is like the harmonics of stringed instruments) cancel out and since this happens you don't feel the sting in your hands that you experience when you hit the ball at different points on the bat.
The most common off speed pitch is a curve ball because it has a lot of movement if it is thrown correctly. To throw this pitch you use the same wind up but when you get to the point of throwing the ball, instead of throwing it regularly you snap your wrist to make the ball spin. In order to get a lot of movement you have to throw the ball with a little bit less velocity. It is important to be able to throw a curve ball while pitching.
Its America’s pastime. Since 1869, the MLB has been the sweetheart of American sports. A requisite to be a true American is to have a conceptual understanding of baseball; the seventh inning stretch, “Take Me Out To The Ball Game,” as well as hotdogs and warm summer nights at the ball park are all favorite memories of American pastime. However, what one might not realize is the extreme physics behind the game. The velocity of the pitch, and degree of the ball exiting the bat, the exit speed, and how an outfielder throws are entailed within the physics of baseball. It is important to understand the physics involved with baseball to grow in understanding and appreciation of the sport.
The purpose of this paper is to describe the softball swing anatomically, mechanically, and analytically. By analyzing each move one makes when...
Baseball is known as America’s national pastime, and has been played for over 100 years. Baseball can be a lot of fun, but is also extremely challenging to play, especially trying to hit a 90 mile per hour fastball. I am a very devoted baseball player myself, and over the years I have learned numerous key things about the game. Baseball does not only require physical strength to hit and throw the ball, but it also requires a great mindset, such as, mental preparedness, concentration, and a positive attitude.
Pitching a ball both fast and accurate is more difficult than it may seem. These factors all depend on how the pitcher controls his body, or how well his mechanics all come together. This is a big reason why people started looking into, and studying, Biomechanics. Biomechanics is the study of the human body and how it moves. Biomechanists take advancements in engineering and mechanics and apply them to see what effects they have on the body and how they can improve production.
The internet is one of the most freely used resources and is easily accessible by anyone. It is the one place where there should be rules or guidelines, but in reality there exists very little. Preserving the openness of the internet and retaining internet freedom are the driving forces behind “Net Neutrality.” Under this principle, consumers are free to choose what applications and services to use and they can decide what legal content to access, create, host or share such as photos, videos, social networks, music, blogs, and websites. The openness promotes healthy competition, encourages investors to allocate capital/stock in online ventures/innovations or launch new applications.
When the internet first started it was planned to be uncontrolled by any one private person or company. This allowed it to grow the way it did because anyone could access, or even host their own web pages. In January 2010 the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) made a press release saying that they will start to allow Internet service providers (ISP) like Comcast and Time warner Cable to control the speed of people internet speed more than they did. This would allow larger companies like Amazon and Apple to pay their ISP more too priorities they customers internet traffic to their site making it load faster.
...s, which keep track of the users’ digital footprints and activities. Physical surveillance, in the form of trawling the Internet and hacking computers is technically feasible but fiscally unfeasible. Such measure also compromise privacy and democracy. Conversely, employing legislation to regulate and/or control the Internet has a number of advantages in terms of the ease of execution, the feasibility, and the transparency of the judicial processes (Johal, 2004: 4). However, legislature is purposely vague and the language ambiguous, allowing for flexibility of interpretation in the event of new developments (Endeshaw, 1996: 210). For example, the Internet Code of Practice that states that '(p)rohibited material is material that is objectionable on the grounds of public interest, public morality, public order, public security, national harmony' (in Johal, 2004: 5).
The "Information Superhighway", or internet, is a powerful medium for today's information driven society. From it's humble beginnings as a series of networks established to help the military and government share resources, it has become a place for people to engage in commerce and also for people to interact socially in both business and personal faculties. Along with the excellent opportunities for meaningful communication in this new atmosphere, <cite>the Internet has evolved as an open, democratic cybersociety marked by free speech and volunteerism. It is a community gathering place for people to share ideas, concerns, stories and opinions, and to give help and assistance to one another.</cite> (Mills-Scofield) There has also arisen a series of problems. Whenever any major development in society is conceived, such as when telephones were introduced, problems ensue. The Internet, because of it's modern nature is not really well dealt with when it comes to existing ethical and moral issues. Being that the Internet has fostered a new class of community that requires a unique category of moral values and ethical considerations. Things are always going to be dealt with differently when it comes to any revolutionary type of medium. For instance how can interstate trade be regulated by the federal government when it is electronically transmitted information? It is a whole new category, How could the constitution have predicted? Although there are many differences, <cite>The Internet mirrors today's society to a large degree, with its blend of good and bad. Many of the issues facing the U.S. and the world, such as those related to race or gender, for example, are also issues on the Internet. And various subcultures, such as militias, GenX and philosophical movements, are represented.</cite> (Mills- Scofield) They go on further to say, <cite>Like all societies, the Internet has its unwritten rules--its"netiquette.
...he internet to communicate state decisions made within treaties. Furthermore, internet utilized by NGOs improves their work in the invocation and purposeful functions. They do this by constructing on internet information systems connecting the media, rebels, and governments. When infringements of international laws are identified by NGOs, they focus their concentration on this using the internet. They do so through electronic mails and internet pages, and put a spotlight on the violators through blacklists. They also create derivative pressure against those sustaining relations with the violators. An example of this happened with the Organization of Economic Boycott of Myanmar for Human Rights Violations. The pressure for Pepco and others to pull out from Myanmar was facilitated exclusively by NGOs. They intensively utilized the internet to facilitate the boycott.