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The cause and effect of boko haram
BOKO HARAM IN NIGERIA :PROBLEM and solutions
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Trouble in Nigeria’s North
“‘I saw the soldiers asking the people to lie on the ground. There was a small argument between the soldiers and the civilian JTF. The soldiers made some small calls and a few minutes later they started shooting the people on the ground. I counted 198 people killed at that checkpoint’ “(Amnesty: “Nigeria War Crimes”). 198 people lost loved ones that day, loved ones that should still be alive today. Imagine waking up every morning, not knowing if that will be your last time saying “good morning” to your family. This is the reality for many of the citizens of northern Nigeria. For years terror groups have tried to spread Islam in regions of Nigeria, resorting to extreme violence to try and get their points across. The Nigerian government is sitting back and allowing military and a civilian Joint Task Force to commit atrocities like this one, all in the name of stopping the Boko Haram terrorist group.
In Northeastern Nigeria, attacks by a radical Islamic terrorist group known as the Boko Haram are spreading like wildfire. Attacks happen almost daily, and the military is reacting by killing even more civilians to ensure the spread is stopped. According to Amnesty International, about 1500 innocent civilians have been killed in Boko Haram attacks since the beginning of 2014. The conflict in Nigeria will not be stopped unless the United Nations and other international human rights groups step in and use their power to put an end to the Boko Haram and Nigerian JTF.
Boko Haram was formed by a Muslim cleric named Mohammad Yussef in 2002, in Maiduguri, Nigeria. The group was initially peaceful, but a short lived uprising in 2009 by the group in an effort to establish an Islamic state in the north was crushed by ...
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"Commission: JTF, Boko Haram Committed Atrocities in Baga,." This Day Live. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Apr. 2014.
Fisher, Jonah. "Are Nigeria's Boko Haram Getting Foreign Backing?" BBC News. BBC, 20 June 2011. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.
Herskovits, Jean. "In Nigeria, Boko Haram Is Not the Problem." The New York Times. The New York Times, 01 Jan. 2012. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.
"Joint Task Force (JTF) Nigeria." TRAC. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Apr. 2014.
"Nigeria: War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity as Violence Escalates in North-east." Amnesty International USA. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Apr. 2014.
"Nigerian Army 'killed Hundreds'" BBC News. N.p., 31 Mar. 2014. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.
"Nigerian Troops Committing Atrocities in Fight against Islamic Uprising - Report - RT News." Russia Today. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Apr. 2014.
"Spiraling Violence." Amnesty International USA. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Apr. 2014.
There was a war in Sierra Leone, Africa, from 1991 to 2002 where a rebel army stormed through African villages amputating and raping citizens left and right (“Sierra Leone Profile”). Adebunmi Savage, a former citizen of Sierra Leone, describes the reality of this civil war:
“Sierra Leone Rebels Forcefully Recruit Child Soldiers.” HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH. 1 June 2000. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
In the Darfur region, part of Sudan, a civil war (often referred to as genocide) has been occurring for approximately 8 years. The current conflict began in 2003 when rebel groups, the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army and the Justice and Equality Movement, made up of the Fur, Zaghawa and Masalit tribes took up arms against the government of Sudan because the non-Arab Sudanese felt oppressed and that the government was in favor of Sudanese Arabs. A previous period of conflict in Sudan-Darfur during 1985-1988 saw only 9,000 killed, while during the first 3 years of this most recent conflict, 2003-2006, over 200,000 Darfurians are believed to have been...
Reeves, Eric, Massimo Calabresi, Sam Dealey, and Stephan Faris. “The Tragedy of Sudan.” Time. Time Inc, 4 Oct. 2004. Web and Print. 15 April 2014. .
The acts of violence that were performed by rebels in Africa were horrific. Adults and children were murdered, mutilated, tortured, and raped. The Revolutionary United Front (RUF) in Sierra Leone performed despicable acts of cutting off a people's body parts with machetes to instill fear in the community. If you were working in the diamond mines and not performing up to the standards of the rebels you would lose a body part as punishment. Rebels would continue to do this from one village to another in order “to take control of the mines in the area” (Hoyt). It is estimated that in Sierra Leone that over 20,000 people suffered mutilation. The acts that the rebels performed to these innocent victims was clearly a violation to their human rights. The RUF collected 125 million a year to fund their war on the government and the people of Sierra Leone.
"Mali Conflict: British Soldiers to Train Armed Forces." BBC News. BBC, 18 Feb. 2013. Web. 01 May 2013. .
Throughout Northern and Central Africa ethnic fighting and mass genocide has run rampant. Clashes between, diverse ethnic and cultural people has caused instability, these mass humanitarian disasters that can no longer be ignored. With the help of other nations South Sudan can go from another mass genocide waiting to happen, to a region supplier of much needed resources, with the help of other nations. In the 1990’s Rwanda genocide was basically ignored by the United States government and because of this hundreds of thousands were either killed or injured in the area. In the early 2000’s the war in Darfur, created a campaign of ethnic cleansing against Darfur's non-Arabs. Again thousands of Africans were killed and the United States government and the American people ignored genocide.
? Sudan: Government commits ?ethic cleansing? in Darfur. (2004). Retrieved May 20, 2004, from Human Rights Watch Web site: http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/05/07/darfur8549_txt.htm
In Western Sudan, there is a current mass slaughter and rape of Darfuri men, women, and children. As of today, over 2.8 million people are displaced and 480,000 people have been killed. This act of genocide is being carried out by the Janjaweed; government-armed and funded Arab militias. And although the systematic murder, rape, torture, looting, polluting water
It is important to care about Africa because it is the most forgotten continent by the Western world. Africa doesn’t have the same impact as the Middle East with western society’s dependence of natural resources, such as oil and minerals. It does not escape the issue that several African rebel groups severely abuse women and children, forcing them to become child soldiers and raped at young ages. Several of human right abuses caused by the rebel groups go unpunished. In order to gain attention by the government, the rebels control territories in resource-rich areas in return gain more power and rise to destabilize the order of the state.. Rebels have strategic goals in gaining attention by increasing their value in natural resources as rebels, to increase their influential value of capturing the state (Humphrey, 2005). The question that appeals to many researchers is how do rebel groups’ resources affect the government response to their
Extremism manifests itself dangerously in the Islam religion (Palmer, Monte, and Princess Palmer, 37). The Muslim religion has some laws and believes that no one should question their design, origin or application. Good people should punish immoral people in Islam religion without showing mercy to them. In Islam, human beings have no right to offer forgiveness to others that can easily lead to and create peace to oneself in the society. The unforgiving nature makes human rights groups in many ways try to change and support governments that try to overthrow Muslim extremist governments. Such an approach creates a war never ending between the Muslim governments and other governments that fight the extremist ideals. In East Africa, Somalia presents a case example by observing how the Government is not able to control the ever fighting and dreadful Al-Shabaab. The “Al-Shabaab” is an Arab name for Muslim youth who over the years try to use enforce extremist rulers in governing the country and hence controlling the resources. Muslim fighters and rebels arm themselves with arsenals they use to fight groups that oppose them by killing and torturing them. The al-Shabaab launches attacks that kill people and openly claim responsibility for the losses and the deaths they cause. They also punish members who commit sin using the retrogressive laws of the Quran on the people they label sinners. Other extremist
The Darfur conflict is legally classified as genocide under the Statute of the International Criminal court because there was intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group. The intent to destroy a racial group is shown by claims that the Janjawid would yell “Masalit! Nuba! Kill them all!”, which are racial epithets. The Janjawid had similar rhetoric during rapes. The genocide in Darfur has claimed approximately 300,000 lives and displaced over 3 million people. As many as 3.2 million people remain in need of humanitarian assistance, which is more than a third of Darfur’s population. Even with this evidence there is a minority that argues that Darfur is not a genocide because genocidal intent ‘‘beyond reasonable doubt’’ has not been proven. One of the acts covered under crimes against humanity is sexual violence. One example of this used was when “Janjaweed militia wearing government uniforms attack a boarding school in Tawila, Darfur forcing 110 Zaghawa girls to strip naked at gunpoint before conducting multiple rapes and then setting the school on fire.” There were 14 incidents of mass killings in Dar Masalit alone between September 2003 and February 2004, attacks which left as many as 770 dead. The government used cruel tactics of bombing and burning villages, looting economic resources, and murdering, raping and
Gambrel, Jon. “Nigerian Rebels Seize Seven Oil Workers”. Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved on 21 Nov, 2011 from
Boko Haram has a very strong history. The founder of Boko Haram was Mohammed Yusuf. He founded it in 2002. The center of Boko Haram is in Maiduguri. Boko Haram is not only one group. It includes many factions. They split up and focus on certain topics such as; domestic or international sides of things. The major faction is Ansaru. For major attacks, all factions come together. Boko Haram was first noticed in 2003. They got into an argument with the police about fishing rights. This argument ended with a shooting and mostly 70 members died during this. In 2009, their leader, Mohammed Yusuf died by being killed. After he died, 100 members of the Boko Haram spread out to other places (Zenn). In 2010, Boko Haram got a new leader, Abubakar Shekau (“Boko Haram Fast Facts”). This new leadership led to more and more problems.
...at shocked me through all these articles is how there weren’t a single positive story about Nigeria. I had to get to the third page before I found something that was “kind of positive” about Nigeria. These definitely illustrate what the speaker was saying about single stories. Also 8 out of 10 stories where related to Boko haram. Therefore it won’t be a surprise for me to hear that people believe that Boko haram is the daily cup of tea. I didn’t really found anything that was directly related to the chapter because most of the stories were about BOKO haram crisis. The only thing that I found related to the chapter was how the Biafra war that has opposed the three major’s ethnics groups: Yoruba, Igbo and Hausas is still reflecting on the actual Nigerian crisis. In the north were these crisis are occurring, only certain ethnic groups or religious groups are attacked.