The objective of this PhD is to study the seismic behavior of elastic and inelastic structural systems equipped with viscous and viscoelastic dampers and develop design procedures according to Eurocode 8 for steel buildings. Both types of dampers belong to the category of passive supplemental damping devices. These devices can be used either for new building or for retrofitting purposes of existing buildings. Dampers act by dissipating seismic energy and can significantly decrease the response of
RHEOLOGY Rheology is an experimental phenomenon which study the behaviour of different continuous physical parameter, by which we can determine the mechanical properties of material. Basically rheology creates a relationship between deformations when there is some applied force Goal of rheology is to find out the relationship between various observable parameter controlled by the mechanics of the material. And develop a relationship between the internal structure change and the applied external force
to conduct human sensory testing of those creams. The flattening, viscoelasticity, and water content of each cream were measured and each cream was subjected to near-infrared (NIR) absorption spectroscopy and sensory testing. The yield value was calculated based on measured flattening and was 734.8 dynes/cm2 for MCZ-A, 1198.9 dynes/cm2 for MCZ-B, 461.3 dynes/cm2 for MCZ-C, and 3112.3 dynes/cm2 for MCZ-D. Measurement of viscoelasticity and viscosity revealed that MCZ-C had a smaller tanδ than the other
Have you ever wondered why the plastic bag that you left on the porch during winter cracks or breaks more easily than when you left it during summer time but a piece of wood which was left just like the plastic bag has no effect whatsoever? This is because of a phenomenon, which only happens to polymers, known as the glass transition. For each polymer, there is a certain temperature at which the amorphous polymers undergo a second order phase transition from a rubbery and viscous amorphous solid
strength. I have put them here for you to read quickly, but the original article can be found on www.drsquat.com. 1. Muscle Fiber Arrangement 2. Musculoskeletal Leverage 3. Tissue Leverage 4. Freedom of Movement Between Fibers 5. Tissue Viscoelasticity 6. Intramuscular/intracellular friction 7. Ratio of Fiber Types 8. Range of Motion 9. Freedom From Injury 10. Connective Tissue Structure 11. Stretch Reflex 12. The Feedback Loop 13. Endocrine System Functions (hormones) 14. Extent of
1. Introduction Polymeric materials play a functional role in every aspect of daily life, from clothing to infrastructure. Polymers differ greatly from other materials, such as ceramics or metals, based upon the types of bonding. Metals bond metallically, creating a sea of electrons, and ceramics generally bond ionically, strongly tying electrons to lattice points. Polymers bond covalently in carbon chains, which (in general) make their properties more variable due to the possibilities of arrangement
Introduction Biomechanics (the science of analyzing the mechanics of biological systems) provides useful insight to current global healthcare issues such as cardiovascular problems and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Cardiovascular diseases and stroke account for 1 in 4 deaths in US (CDC Wonder Online Database) and account for more than $312.6 billion in cost (AHA Statistical Update 2014). MSDs such as Osteoarthritis (OA) – a joint disease that deteriorates the articular cartilage - reduce the
Introduction and Literature Review Context Freeform surfaces prevail in contemporary architecture. Over the past two decades there has been a surge in the use of smooth, curved surfaces, which can be attributed to improvements in 3D modelling techniques and advances in finite element analysis. The complex geometries, examples of which can be seen in the Figure ? below, pose challenges in developing a feasible building envelope using conventional building materials such as steel and concrete. This