There are a lot of heresies that came out in the early churches. They emerge probably because the early church does not have a very strong understanding of theology, and also because some people just wanted to share their ideas on how to interpret things from the Bible. Nestorius is one of those people. He developed a heresy that is called as Nestorianism. The Christians at that time was having an issue about the exact nature of Jesus Christ. This is because the idea that a person can be 100%
The story of Saint Catherine Laboure Saint Catherine personally worked no miracles, nor did she practice externally heroic charity like other great saints. She sprang from upper middle class parents among the meadows and vineyards of Burgundy, France. Her father was an educated man and an excellent farmer living in the village of Fain-les-Moutiers not far from DiJon. Her sanctity consists in half a century of faithful service as a simple Daughter of Charity. Catherine was born of Peter and
What a sensation was made about the Sensation exhibition in the Brooklyn Museum of Art. The focus of Mayor Giuliani’s outcry was the piece “The Holy Virgin Mary” by Chris Ofili. Funny, he didn’t give attention to some of the other outrageous works including the pubescent female mannequins studded with erect penises, vaginas, and anuses, fused together in various postures of sexual coupling, or the portrait of a child molester and murder made from what appears like child hand prints or bisected animals
Christina, though also losing her feminine figure, proves to be the strength against the patriarchy. For instance, Christina tries to disguise herself by dressing like a man and running away from her husband. In doing this, she stands up for herself and for the woman that she is, saying to her conscious that is controlled by patriarchal thought, “And making herself known by raising her finger…’Why delay, fugitive? Why do you respect your feminine sex? Put on manly courage and mount the horse like
Religion is a key aspect to the culture of today’s society, as well as, for thousands of years prior. One major key distinction remains, most religions are male dominated traditions. Catholic, Islamic, and Jewish philosophy truly exemplify this. However, the importance and major role women play within the realm of different theologies is evident. Mary, the Catholic Virgin Mary, the Jewish Rachel, and Islamic Fatima are three important saints whose influence and importance is recognized. The term
The Lady of Guadalupe is a huge part of the Mexican tradition, and how many people look up to her in a very godly way. She is important, because she reminds people of their appreciation for their own cultures, along with the other cultures that are all over the world. The Lady of Guadalupe is someone that is the exact replica of the Virgin Mary. But, the only difference is, is that the Virgin Mary is a saint that is represented in the European culture, and the Lady of Guadalupe in the Aztec and Native
She is known by a multitude of different names: Mary, Mother of God, Madonna, Our Lady, Virgin Mary, Saint Mary, Mother Mary, etc. Catholics all across the globe call Mary by these different names and she is the most notable female character in the Bible. People pray to her, reverence her and look to her for guidance in their lives. Mary is an important figure in the Catholic Church. Why? What is it that Catholics believe about Mary that makes her so honored and respected across the world? This
Statue of the Blessed Virgin One of the best-kept secrets of Irish culture is the moving statues phenomenon that erupted in the mid-eighties all over the republic of Ireland. In August 1985, there were reports from the small town of Mountcollins that a statue of the Blessed Virgin had been seen to move. In the following months there were reports of the same phenomenon coming from small rural areas all over the country. Many people traveled to county Limerick to view the statue at Garryowen,
Our Moving Fate: A Study of El Greco’s Assumption of the Virgin El Greco painted his “Assumption of the Virgin” in 1577 for the convent of Santo Domingo el Antiguo in Toledo, Spain. Born in Greece as Domenikos Theotocopoulos, (his nickname translates from Spanish into “The Greek”), El Greco was the top artist of the Spanish School, and was commissioned to paint “Assumption” to adorn the convent’s altar. The painting is a daunting size—over six feet wide and twice as tall—surrounded by a wooden
Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church. I visited this Church to witness the Salutation to the Theotokos, an annual service held to honor the annunciation of the Virgin Mary, the mother of Jesus. In this paper I will discuss the history of the Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church along with a detailed description of the architecture and interior of the church. I will also explain the service I attended, Salutations to the Theotokos and my perspective of the service. But In order to fully understand all that I must
Besançon, Alain. “The Image in Dispute.” In Forbidden Image: An Intellectual History of Iconoclasm, translated by Jane Marie Todd, 109-146. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000. Gerhard, H. P. The World of Icons. London: John Murray, 1971. Luke, Theotokos of Vladimir, 1130, tempera on panel, 104 cm. x 69 cm., Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow. Martin, Linette. Sacred Doorways: A Beginner’s Guide to Icons. Massachusetts: Paraclette Press, 2002. Raphael. Madonna del Granduca. 1505. Oil on wood. 33 in. x 22
with Christology, which refers to the nature and composition of Christ. The cause of this council was the direct result of disagreements on how to perceive the Mother Mary. There were those such as Eusebius, Athanasius, and Cyril who called her Theotokos, which was the belief that Mary was the “Mother of God”. Then there were those like Nestorius, who called her Christotokos, which meant “Mother of Christ”. This argument stemmed from a differing view of Christ, those who believe he is was of the
The Western church is described as being smaller in land mass, and less diverse (Shields, & Butzu, 2007, p. 103). The Eastern church is described as being quite vast, and full of different types of people (each with their own languages and customs that had an effect on the development of their worship styles and methods). Further we discover that the West had celebrated a time of peace (Christianity was legal, so there was a significant decrease in martyrdom), conversely the Eastern church was geographically
it is, the Doctrine of Incarnation posits that Jesus Christ, the divine Logos, took upon himself a human body that possesses human nature as a form of revelation to the believers. It states that Jesus Christ was conceived in the womb of Mary the Theotokos (Greek for “God-Bearer”). Mary’s capability for intercession is strongly embedded in Scriptural evidences as in the case of the wedding at Cana when at the festivity Mary was moved as a mother, and a wife and a woman of exemplary values upon discovering
While exploring the city of Rome, one can find themselves amongst a multitude of Christian basilicas and cathedrals built as soon as the early fourth century. One of the most important, beautiful, and significant churches built in early Christian Rome was the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore. Sponsored by Pope Sixtus III from 432 to 440 CE , this basilica was the first church in the Christian faith that was dedicated to the Virgin Mary. With its elaborate mosaics, grand size, and several important
Throughout the history of the Church, it has struggled to reach a state of unity. A challenge that has presented itself is the teachings of heresies. Through the centuries, many different heresies have threatened the unity of the Church, one significant heresy being Nestorianism, named after its teacher Nestorious. It claims that Jesus was only human when born to Mary, denying Mary to be the Mother of God, and therefor jeopardizing the unity of the Church. A heresy is defined as “the obstinate post-baptismal
Exercise Self-Talk in Peer Assessment: Building Self-Awareness Greek people have a long, and rich, history in sarcasm; it is telling that the word itself is a loan from the ancient Greek verb σαρκάζειν, or to tear flesh. For example, look at the comedies of Aristophanes, where not even gods escaped his ridiculing. While acceptable and prevalent in modern Greek culture, sarcasm is no virtue but a sin based on a sense of self-superiority with a license to judge others. In truth, even if we are to make
Apollinarianism, and Arianism. Nestorianism and Eutychianism fall under the controversy of the relationship between the two natures. The controversy of Nestorianism arose over the propriety of the term theotokos (“God-bearing”) as a description of Mary. At the Council of Chalcedon in 428 Nestorius gave his view of theotokos to which he held and overly dividing view of the two natures of Christ. Nestorius felt that the term was of doubtful propriety unless the term anthropotokos (“human-bearing”) was also used
The Catholic Church views the Blessed Mother with such reverence that the octave of Christmas, Jan. 1, is a holy day of obligation. The feast day reminds us of the role she had in the plan of salvation, which began with her simple answer of, “yes,” to God. Mary’s fiat can be found in Luke 1:38, “Behold, I am the handmaid of the Lord. May it be done to me according to your word.” Biblical scholars refer to Mary’s answer to the angel as her, “fiat,” because that is the Latin word for, “be it done
Translated as “Our Lady” or “Theotokos” (Mother of God) in the Byzantium period, the Virgin archetype varied visually on the socio-religious standards and traditions of the culture and artist that created it. The representation of the Madonna image is based upon several classifications