Consolidation Settlement of saturated soils under increased loading consists of two successive phases, commonly referred to as the primary and secondary consolidation phases. The primary consolidation phase is dominated by pore pressure dissipation and effective stress increase; whereas, the secondary consolidation phase is dominated by creep (viscous deformation) at almost constant effective stress. The consolidation settlement consists of two parts. In conventional soil mechanics, Terzaghi’s theory of one
1.0 INTRODUCTION The correlation of soil properties with its index properties have been used by engineers to estimate the engineering properties of a soil if the index properties are known. This is especially important where there is inadequate information from the site and laboratory investigation results or where results need to be validated with the existing literature values in order to determine the appropriate soil design parameters. Many renowned researchers such as Carrier and Beckman (1984)
Development: The history of SPT goes back to early 1900s. In 1902 Charles R. Gow who was owner of Gow Construction Company in Boston started making borings of 1 inch through a sampler to explore the soil properties. After that time engineers started using wash borings with cuttings to get information about soil properties. In early 1930s this method was standardized by Harry Mohr who was an engineer at Gow Constructions. In his experiment Mohr used a larger sampler and counted the number of blows per foot
necessary to get realistic soil parameters. Basically, preserving soil natural structure and stress condition in the laboratory sample determine the quality of soil parameters. However, many researchers pointed out that it is impossible to retain original soil condition even though we use so-called high quality sampler and same in-situ effective stress condition during the laboratory testing. On the other hand, many researchers have tried to overcome such problem of soil disturbance by introducing
Report on Soil Compost Elissa Gowika Hartanto S10158966 2GO1 Introduction (Organic Mechanic, 2013) Soil compost is a key component to plant growth. It is the decayed material from organic substances under influence of high oxygen content. Decaying or dead leaves are also another alternative as a good compost. These materials can be broken down naturally or by organisms such as earthworms. (Margaret Cunningham, n.d.) In this report, the importance and benefits of compost will be discussed, such
investigation involve conducting a desk study and reconnaissance of the proposed site, conducting a preliminary geological investigation, preparing a detailed geological investigation plan, carrying out a detailed geological investigation and preparing a soil exploration report. Desk study and reconnaissance of site are conducted as the first step of geological investigation. Generally, all available maps and documents pertaining to a site have to be reviewed (Kehew, 1995). Subsequently, Jackson (1968)
agricultural productions can be monitored and forecasted using PA techniques. Generally two approaches are use to manage variabilities: map-based ... ... middle of paper ... ...hnologies for on-the-go detection of macro-nutrients in cultivated soils. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 70 (2010) 1–18, Figure 1: Retrieved from:www.commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:Human_sustainability_confluence_Diagram.png Figure 2: Retrieved from:www.cema-agri.org/page/precision-farming-0 Figure 3: Retrieved
fine-grained soil, such as its shrinkage limit, plastic limit, and liquid limit. In this study, atteberg limit test only focused on the plastic limit and liquid limit test in order to obtain Plasticity Index (PI). PI value can be considered as the plasticity grade of a soil. The Plasticty Index is the size of the water range contents where the soil exhibits plastic properties. Plasticity Index obtained by calculate the difference beyween the liquid limit and the plastic limit (PI = LL-PL). Soils with a
various reasons, the main reason being riverbed scour at bridge foundations, namely piers and abutments. 6.2.4.1 Types of scour and scour process The theoretical basis for the structural design of bridge is well established. In contrast, the mechanics of flow and erosion in mobile-boundary channels has not been well defined and it is
Evaluation of How the Box Hill Area is Influenced by Human Activity The title for this piece of coursework is 'Evaluate how the Box Hill area is influenced by human activity'. The 'influence by human activity' reflects the way that humans utilise the Box Hill area and the effect that leisure and tourism have on the surrounding environment. Location Map: [IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE] Box Hill is located in Dorking, Surrey, England. OS map showing
The Boscastle Floods Heavy seasonal rainfall is a common feature of the climate of South West England and has been documented many times, sometimes it has little affect on the landscape and just drains away but very occasionally it has far more destructive effects. On the 16th of August this year, massive amounts of rainfall over the North Cornish coast caused a disaster on a scale that has not been seen since 1952. A flash flood devastated the small coastal town of Boscastle, this investigation
different soil solution. Background Knowledge: Plants make there own food by photosynthesis. They need light and CO2 from the atmosphere and the water absorbed from the soil. Plants also need very small quantities of minerals for healthy growth. Mineral ions are absorbed through the roots from the dissolved chemicals compounds in the soil. When garden centres sell bottles of “Plant Food” they are selling solutions of some of the important minerals; these can be added to the soil in which
Nitrogen as a Fertilizer, Nutrient, or Pollutant Nitrogen can always be a fertilizer, nutrient, or pollutant depending on the circumstances and the environment it is in. As a fertilizer, nitrogen can be extremely useful in aiding the growth of many plants. As a nutrient, nitrogen is essential to many plants growth and survival. As a pollutant, nitrogen can not only affect the plant at the given time but be very detrimental many years down the road. No matter where you go nitrogen will always
Location Brimbank Park (coordinates 37.7340° S, 144.8370° E) is located in the Maribyrnong Valley (hollowed by the Maribyrnong River), near the Melbourne suburb Keilor. It is intersected by the Maribynong River and the M80 highway, which reveals the adaptive nature of the natural environment in a growing urban area. (Parks Victoria, 2013) Figure 1: Map of Brimbank Park (Google Maps, 2014) Geology Brimbank Park consists mainly of sedimentary rock, due to its close proximity to the Maribyrnong
The Mallee Region of Victoria Location and Contents: The Mallee region of Victoria is situated in North-West Victoria and covers an area of around 44,000 square kilometres. The region is known to be associated with the adjacent land of South Australia and New South Wales and is also recognised to join with the Wimmera and Loddon regions of Victoria. Also, because of the large area which the region covers and the diversity it beholds, it is sometimes distinguished into two sub-regions, the north
on the grounds had evidence of radioactive contamination. The soil, sediment, surface water, and ground water on the site had high levels of depleted uranium. On some of the soil and sediments, Poly Chlorinated Bi-phenyls were recorded. The buildings and structures on the grounds were as well contaminated with depleted uranium and other hazardous substances. In 1998, the company conducted a voluntary partial cleanup of contaminated soils under The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection
itself, although it is available in the nearest town. The adoption of hybrid and improved seed technologies, the use of chemical fertilisers and plant protection measures, mechanization (use of tractors, sprinkler irrigation and power sprayers) and soil and water conservation measures, have been contributing significantly, to increase farm productivity. Genetically modified seeds have been adopted in the village, including Sona Masuri and Hamsa in paddy, GCH-4 in castor and LRG-11, LRG-41, PRG-158
People relate to landscapes through tactile and visual experience of surfaces around them, beneath their feet and in their hands. Textures are most immediate and close physical contact with the landscape. Ploughing, grazing, clearance – create distinctive textures of surface, some of them deliberately created for the properties of the texture itself. Textures incorporate time; they are result of a slow but constant change of the very texture of surface. Mundane practices which might have a minimum
test show that the potting soil is on par with the ARHS soil in every way besides humus. However, when the soil was moist, it appeared that the potting mix soil contained more humus, thereby making me conclude that there was an error. Also, Our group (the one responsible for Potassium) used the wrong test tube to measure the potassium levels in the ARHS soil. However, the potassium levels in the ARHS soil are, without a doubt, still lower than the potting soil's. Soil quality analysis: In terms
2. Soils 2.1. The role of soil in the ecosystem 1) Food and other biomass production. 2) Environmental interaction such as storage, filtering, and transformation i.e. wetlands. 3) Biological habitat for soil organisms. 4) Source of raw materials. 5) Platforms for man-made structures such as buildings, highways, etc. 6) Recycling system for nutrients and organic wastes i.e. decomposition. 7) Nitrogen fixation which is the process of which atmospheric nitrogen is absorbed into organic compounds by