into a plastic bag and a reaction would occur. Experiment 1 was given to us. After mixing the solid ingredients together, placing the phenol red solution in the bag, squeezing the air out of the bag, and then tilting the bag, so that the phenol red solution could mix into the solids a reaction occurred. The reaction we observed from Experiment 1 was as soon as the Phenol Red hit the baking soda and calcium carbonate the mixture started to fizz and turn orange. Then it turned into a bright yellow color
Joseph Lister was a surgeon who introduced new ideas of cleanliness into the surgical room in the late 1800’s. This new idea completely transformed surgery as we know it today. In today’s world, we take for granted that our surgeons will practice aseptic methods. However, this was not always the case. Until Lister introduced his new idea of sterile surgery, patients could undergo a surgical procedure without any complications, only to die later of a post-operative infection known as ward fever.
Phenolic acids are secondary plant metabolites widely distributed in foods, especially fruits and vegetables. In recent years, phenolic acids have attracted a lot of attention because they exist ubiquitously in plants and play protective roles. Phenolic acids possess interesting biological properties, (Beilin, Stocker, & Croft, 1997) that render them interesting to study. They are widespread in crops such as fruits, vegetables, herbs, grains, and seeds and derived foods such as juices, wines, and
The phenol-sulfuric acid method is a simple and rapid colorimetric method to determine total sugar in a sample. The method detects virtually all classes of carbohydrates, including mono-, di-, oligo-, and polysaccharides. It is one of the most versatile, relatively easy and cheap approaches for determination of carbohydrate concentrations is the colorimetric method based on reaction between hydrolysed carbohydrate solution and a colouring reagent that develops colour that is detectible in the visible
"The effects of calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, phenol red solution, and distilled water when mixed in different combinations." Introduction Calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, phenol red solution, and distilled water will be used in different combinations to produce different reactions. Which combination is required for each reaction viewed when calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and phenol red solution were all mixed? Different combinations of materials were carried out in a plastic
respiration. To do this we made a Phenol Red solution and used a straw to blow into it with no exercise to see how long it would take for the color of the Phenol Red solution to change, after this we measured our heart, and breathing rate. Then we did these same steps again after 1 minute, then another 2 minutes of exercising (Note: This lab was incomplete). The problem of this lab is “ How will carbon exercising, and increased carbon dioxide production affect the color of the Phenol Red, our heart rate, and
Alkylated phenols and their derivatives are important materials in both organic synthesis and chemical manufacturing. Mono-alkylphenols and di-alkylphenols are used as raw materials for the manufacture of a wide variety of products such as resins, wire enamels, varnishes, printing inks, antioxidants, flame retardants, ultraviolet absorbers, fungicide, petroleum additives and rubber chemicals [1-17]. Friedel–Crafts alkylation of phenol with tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) produces 2-tert-butylphenol (2-TBP)
The purpose of this experiment is to examine the reactivity of different compounds. To accomplish this, different types of benzene (aniline, acetanilide, phenol, or anisole) will be brominated. The reactivity and activation strength will determine of the compound is polyhalogenated, or monohalogenated. In this experiment it is to be predicted in which order the reaction substitution(s) will occur and the reactivity order of each of the benzene compounds. The product will then be analyzed and
Normally, emulsified water is generally present in crude oil as a result of the mixing occurring during production operations and referred to as oil field emulsion. This emulsion can be encountered at numerous stages include during drilling, producing, transporting and processing of crude oil. However, the formation of emulsion creates problems in oil field industry. They might increase the cost of production and also transportation; accumulate in the refinery tank age, pipeline corrosion, equipment
were likely identical to the methoxybenzyl phenol ether because the mixed melting point was the same as the purified crystals. If the products were different or the synthesized product had to many impurities in it then the mixed melting point would have been lower than that of just the crystals, by themselves. The TLC made sense, after looking at the TLC plates under UV light and the calculation of the Rf values, it was confirmed that the 4- Methoxy-phenol was present in the unknown. With all three
organic compounds. Which i have to identify by using a number of different chemical and physical techniques. The only thing is known about the compound is that it contains one of the functional group: alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, phenol and ester. Therefore I devised a sequence of tests that would identify which one of the groups the sample contains. The flow chart below shows the chemical techniques, which I will use to identify the functional group of the unknown. 1: Test
Ethanol is a volatile, flammable, colourless liquid. It is the principal type of alcohol that found in alcoholic beverages produced by fermentation of sugars by yeast. It is used as an antiseptic, a solvent, a fuel. Due to its low freezing point,active fluid in post mercury thermometers (Nivedita, 1998).Ethanol, the renewable resource, produced from fermentation of glucose rich substrates, like sugar cane, fruit juices, tapioca, sweet potatoes, sweet sorghum etc. Starchy materials like maize, wheat
He then started making a substance that would strengthen wood. Baekeland did alot of tests on different types of wood with formaldehyde and phenol. Soon Baeland noticed that he had created a mixture that was insoluble in any solvent. It was on the 8th febuary 1907 Leo Baekeland explained what he had discovered. Soon after he announced that he had created a new substance he became a marketing
in the phenol red lactose broth one with and the other without mineral oil on top were reddish pink, meaning that the pH was alkaline. That would then mean E. coli can not utilize lactose. However, it is know that E. coli can utilize lactose (BioCoach Activity). The E. coli in a phenol red glucose broth with mineral oil on top produced a yellow color meaning it had a low pH and thus created an acid. There was also gas in the tube which meant that it produced a gas. The E. coli in a phenol red glucose
lab partner and I investigated what would happen if certain solids and liquids were mixed together, and whether or not it produced a chemical reaction. To use in our investigation we had baking soda (sodium bicarbonate), calcium chloride, water, and phenol red. I hypothesized that if we combined these solids and liquids in different ways, then they would sometimes produce chemical reactions because the substances had chemical properties that would make them prone to react with one another. For example
Determining the Identity of Unknown Substances by using the Rƒ Factor found with Chromatography Paper Purpose To separate molecules that are attracted to one another using the principles of intermolecular forces as well as a scientific ratio to find the identity of unknown substances. Theoretical Background Chromatography corresponds to the solubility of substances in a mixture, as well as, its ability to separate in different solvents. The level of separation is measured by a relative
esterification reaction generally when an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid. However, esters can also be created from phenols but requires a vigorous ethanoylating agent such as an anhydride (York, 2000). In the synthesis of aspirin, the phenol mentioned is salicylic acid. The structure of a basic phenol is shown in figure 3 and figure 4 shows the structure of salicylic acid where the phenol group can easily be seen. The required anhydride for the reaction is acetic anhydride. Similarly, figure 6 shows
Purpose: To identify an unknown microorganism by performing a series of biochemical tests on a pure bacterial culture. Materials and Methods: 1. Carbohydrate Utilization: Two culture tubes, phenol red lactose broth and phenol red sucrose broth, were each inoculated with one loopful of organism 3 from a broth culture. The broths were incubated at 37°C. After 24-48 hours, the mediums were examined. A positive test result is indicated by a change from the red broth to a yellow broth. A change
accurate inoculation and results were obtained. There was a test in this experiment which needed to be repeated as the test result obtained did not seem to be accurate. The Phenol Red Lactose test was repeated as the first experimental result illustrated a red medium although the medium was a yellow color in the Durham tube. A second Phenol Red Lactose test was completed and the same results obtained. Due to the same results being obtained after numerous trials, the result of the test was determined to be
of the face takes a week to disappear. In the post peeling period, white spots or small raised cysts occur on the face during the initial 6 to 8 weeks and usually lasts for a duration of few days or weeks. The commonest problem associated with deep phenol peels is the permanent hypopigmentation. Hyperpigmentation problems may often develop in patients.