everything seems to have evolved in some way form or fashion. However, the Permian Era extinction was different from all the rest. This extinction affected every form of life, but especially the marine life. Researchers have stated that 93-97% of all Earths species went extinct during this period of time. This essay will explain how a once blossoming progressive era turned into Earths most catastrophic event. The Permian Period occurred around 298 million years ago. It stretched from the Carboniferous
The Permian Triassic Mass Extinction The Permian Triassic extinction was an event of cataclysmic disaster and almost the extinction of all species on planet earth. The Permian Triassic extinction is said to have occurred millions of years ago, geologist have estimated that its occurrences happened about 248 million to 286 million years ago. This rare occurrence of events proceeded the Triassic geologic periods and the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras. This mass disaster was the largest dissipation
The Permian Mass Extinction Introduction: Throughout history our world has undergone and experienced all sorts of changes that have shaped the world into what we see it today. The most significant events included disasters like the extinctions of organisms. Out of all the extinctions, the most influential was the Permian Mass Extinction. During the Paleozoic era roughly eighty five percent of living species died and became extinct due to the Permian mass extinction. This illustrates how severe an
The Permian-Triassic Extinction is a mass extinction that occurred between the Permian and Triassic geologic time periods approximately 250 million years ago; it is the deadliest of all extinctions that have occurred on Earth. In addition, during the Permian-Triassic extinction the continents of today existed as one supercontinent known as Pangaea. This was the first time in history where continental or land mass exceeded that of the ocean. This was also before dinosaurs of the Triassic period roamed
Introduction The Permian-Triassic extinction event is undoubtedly the largest extinction event the Earth has ever seen. While evidence shows that it occurred over a great amount of time, it was effective in causing the extinction of an incredibly large portion of life on Earth. To such an extent that it took millions of years before any large amounts of biodiversity occurred again. This is why it is also referred to as the ‘Great Dying’. This paper will will analyze the survivability of terrestrial
The Formation of Pangaea One theory, which explains the mass extinctions of the Permian, is the reduction of shallow continental shelves due to the formation of the super-continent Pangaea. Pangaea at the time of the Permian extinction extended from pole to pole. It was formed about 300,000 million years ago by the collision of Laurasia from the north and Gondwana from the south. The super ocean Panthalasa surrounded it. The theory of the formation of Pangaea and the mass extinction occurred over
Precambrian Era: The Precambrian Era is when the Earth formed. Earth was barley a spec of dust in outer space and as time went by it gathered ice, rock and more dust particles. It eventually formed into a big rock flying around in space. The Earth was extremely hot and so when it rained the rain would evaporate in mid air or immediately after it hit the ground. But even though it evaporated these great rains cooled the Earth eventually building up water in lower areas creating oceans. The Earths
Precambrian Geologic The Precambrian era is about 90% of the earth’s geologic life. It refers to all geologic time before 600 million years ago. During the Precambrian era, the earth formed along with the oceans and atmosphere. Originally, the earth was in a molten state, but as it cooled down, it developed a hard crust and oceans that developed water vapor to form an atmosphere. About five hundred million years after the earth was formed, small continents started to form. The plate tectonics also
Mother earth has gone through a lot of changes throughout its four and a half billion-year existence. Earth has seen many different climates and many different species. Because of these changes geologists have broken earths history into different time periods. One such time period was the Pennsylvanian time period. The Pennsylvanian time period is a subdivision of the Carboniferous period. The Pennsylvanian period saw the introduction of many different species that are still present today along with
the earth underwent the most catastrophic extinction event in its entire history. The mass extinction occurred on the Permian-Triassic border on the geological timescale, and is appropriately nicknamed, “The Great Dying”. It has resulted in the most extinction occurrences, expressed in a %, than any of the other mass extinctions in geological time, as seen in FIGURE 1. The Permian Extinction created a huge setback for Earth’s fauna and its diversity. During the short duration of this event, the earth
City. Major Characters: James “Boobie” Miles: The star fullback of the Permian Panthers, who got injured in a pre-season game before their 1988 season. Athletic: Boobie was recruited by many colleges to play football because he was very good. Regretful: Boobie regrets playing in the pre-season game when his knee gets injured, making him mad and then him eventually quitting. Mike Winchell: The starting quarterback for the Permian Panthers. Timid: Mike’s lack of confidence causes a bunch of issues with
H.G. Bissinger’s Friday Night Lights brings to mind the cold, autumn nights of 1988 where a town, just like any other rural town in America, was brought together in such a raw and emotional way. From the rise and fall of Boobie Miles to the push for the playoffs, it is clear that 1988 Odessa was swept up in the glory of football to replace the grandeur of the 1950s, which seemed to deteriorate throughout that hectic decade. While a modern reader may view Bissinger’s masterpiece as a tale from a dated
A town, a team, a dream. Friday Night lights document the 1988 football season of Permian High School in Odessa, Texas. Bissinger explores the various themes of the novel and uses conceit to colorfully describe the contrasting attitudes towards sports and academics. In the small town of Odessa bases Fridays nights in the fall are dedicated to Permian football. As a result of the obsessive attitude towards football a ridiculous amount of pressure is thrusted upon the coaches and players. Bissinger
1. Bissinger, H.G. Friday night lights: A town, a team, and a dream. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1990. 2. Eitzen, Stanley D. Sport in contemporary society. New York, NY: Worth Publishers, 2001. 3. Maccormack, John. "Without Permian, playoffs have eerie feeling." TAAS (1997): C10. 4. Stoeltje, Melissa Fletcher. "Football players are high school celebrities; Pursuing Photo." AP (2000): Sports News. 5. Layden, Tim. "Friday night fever." Newsday (1993): 20. 6. Buchanan
town and its dream of solidarity through winning the state championship. In a small town, such as Odessa, Texas, high school football helps to keep the town together by keeping it alive. On Friday nights, when the flood lights turn on inside the Permian stadium the strength of Odessa seems dependent on what will occur in that football stadium. Businesses shut down; families and community come together within the constraints of this stadium to cheer their team onto victory. Thus during football season
a great job of revealing Permian High School’s insignificant focus on its educational priorities. Putting football first over educational priorities can lead a kid to a very dark future with minimal opportunities except for that in the football world. An English teacher Larue Moore had been at Permian high for twenty years and she was paid $32,000 a year by comparison “she noted the salary of Gary Gaines, who served as both football coach and athletic director for Permian but did not teach any classes
of another are all subjects that are given an in-depth examination. This is more of the main or focal point of the whole book and in not so much in the movie. Although Bissinger's story is a true-life recounting of the 1988 football season of the Permian High School team, it reads like fiction and even though I believe his book is superior, the theatrical adaptation still stands apart as one of the great football movies ever to see in theaters. In the movie it was that team unit that was most significant
pressure and demand for success that has been put on Boobie by others and himself. But early in the season he is forced out of the season do to a knee injury. Boobie lead the team in all running statistics his junior year when Permian won a state tittle.
player named Boobie Miles is in the spotlight and is expected to attend and earn a scholarship to a large state college. The community cannot wait for the season to start to see the greatest team in Texas history, continue the winning tradition of the Permian Panthers. In one of the first games, Boobie Miles sustains a serious injury and will likely play again. Coach Gary Gaines, the head coach, had almost every play setup up for Boobie and will have ...
The Extinction Event and Life in the Post-Apocalyptic Greenhouse The biggest mass extinction of the past 600 million years (My), the end-Permian event (251 My ago), witnessed the loss of as much as 95% of all species on Earth. Key questions for biologists concern what combination of environmental changes could possibly have had such a devastating effect, the scale and pattern of species loss, and the nature of the recovery. New studies on dating the event, contemporary volcanic activity, and