Pennsylvania Dutch is one of the hardest dialects to study, and yet has an extremely interesting history as well as a significant impact on the English language of the Pennsylvania area. Study of Pennsylvania Dutch is difficult for researchers because of the scarcity of books printed in it. The language had been preserved largely by word of mouth and lacks a traceable history through written works, making it difficult to trace its development (Follin, 1929, p. 455). However, what there has been
native to Pennsylvania. Pow-Wow is the Algonquian word for a gathering of medicine men. Long Lost Friend is a book that contains healing spells, binding spells, protective spells, talismans, wards, and benedictions. It was a magical recipe book based on Christian tenets and prayers and a somewhat shamanistic belief system. Some examples are brooms across the doorway to keep out all negativity, salt on the windowsill, or a cross on the floor to keep witches out. At this time the Pennsylvania Dutch had no
The Amish the “Plain People” My article is on the Amish Community and their vague and simplified way of life. Most of my essay will emphasize the culture and tradition of the Amish. According to the Pennsylvania, Dutch Country Welcome Center, “ The Amish are a religious group who live in the settlements in 22 states and in Ontario Canada. The oldest groups of old order Amish, about 16- to 18,000 live in Landcaster County PA. These people stress humility, family and separation from the rest of
"contaminated" by Atropa belladona.....the deadly nightshade.(11) This very poisonous plant acquired its name from Theophrastus back in the third century B.C. It has been termed "the Mandragora of Theophrastus." It's English name, Dwaule, is derived from a Dutch word dwaul, meaning to wander or to be delirious.(1) It is a perennial herb, and one of the more important species of the nightshade family. Because it is so poisonous it was given the name Atropos, which is the Greek word for inflexible. Another meaning
The policy of William Penn with the indians compared to the English settlers and the Spanish, French, and Dutch is quite different. This includes considering the certain agreements and ways they came to the New World to maintain land along with how it possibly changed the “New World”, now known as America, for the worst. A short background of how all of this even happened was due to King Charles II of England owing money to William Penn’s father because of a large loan he had with him. He gave it
loop of superconducting material, hence the high demand of such a product. The development of superconductors has been a working progress for many years and some superconductors are already in use, but there is always room for improvement. In 1911, Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes first discovered superconductivity when he cooled mercury to 4 degrees K (-452.47º F / -269.15º C). At this temperature, mercury’s resistance to electricity seemed to disappear. Hence, it was necessary for Onnes to
it and try to leave it out all together. For the authors of the textbooks know that if the students found out the real truth there would be nothing left of nationalism. For most textbooks leave out the early settlers such as the Spanish and the Dutch. These civilizations settled America long before the Pilgrims arrived and with these civilizations came what was to make it easy for the Pilgrims to settle in America – disease. Most of the Native Americans had never but subjected to diseases much
language of the island is Dutch, seen on street signs, government documents, and several local newspapers. Most people of Aruba, particularly those in the tourism business, speak English . There are four languages spoken overall there and they are Dutch, English, Spanish, and Papiamento. Papiamento is not a dialect but a language that is evidence to the many influences of older languages and Aruba’s culture and traditions. It has traces of Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, French and local Indian
Austria in 1909, where she lived with her parents until the age eleven year. She was then sent to Amsterdam by a program in the aid of undernourished and sick children and was to be adopted by a Dutch family. She became used to the Dutch way of life as she grew older and soon she began to consider herself Dutch, not Viennese. Her association with the Frank family began when she was given a job with the Pectacon Company, owned and operated by Mr. Otto Frank. His company made and sold pectin, which was
army or the church and so in 1617 Descartes joined the army of Prince Maurice of Orange, then at Breda. Walking through the streets one day in Breda he noticed a placard in Dutch which made him quite curious. He asked a stranger to translate it into either French or Latin. The stranger was Isaac Beeckman, the head of the Dutch College at Dort. He told Descartes he would do so only if he would answer it for him. The placard was a challenge to the world to solve a certain geometrical problem. Descartes
understand vanishing-point and one-point-perspective in painting, drawing, sculpture and architecture. The first detailed description of image formation from a pinhole came from Leonardo da Vinci in his notebooks in the late 1400's. In 1545 the Dutch physician Reiner Gemma Frisius published the first illustration of pinhole optics used to view an eclipse of the sun. Then, in the 1850s, Scottish scientist Sir David Brewster, was one of the first to make pinhole photographs, and coined the word
I will also show the practicality and correct motives for following moderate patriotism. Patriotism is the love, commitment, and loyalty an individual feels for his or her country. In the U.S. , patriotism started after English, Scottish, and Dutch settlers achieved their independence from England (Hibben 2). Later, a migration of multi ethnic people came to aid with the development of the country, adopting it as their own (3). Psychologically, patriotism is a result of people's definition of
The Fundamental Principles of Relative DatingRelative dating involves placing events in their proper chronological sequence, that is, in the order of their occurrence (Dutch 1998). This type of dating tells us which geologic event happened first, but does not give an exact date to which something happened. There are several different methods that are used in relative dating. These are the fundamental methods that are used in the field by geologists' and earth scientists to gather information about
The Dutch stress sytem Dutch is described as being a quantity-sensitive trochaic system, operating from left to right with extrametricality. In the following essay I will gice the arguments and data that point towards this system. I will also analyse in which way exceptions are being taken care of within this system. The metrical analysis will be based on work by Trommelen & Zonneveld. These authors adopt an onset-rhyme organisation of syllable structure. We can make three major generalisations
surrounded by the art of their contemporaries, create an environment for the viewer that parallels their original context. The halls of the Museum are set up in a long and slim rectangle with open doorways between all of them. The opening hallway to the Dutch gallery is modest in its wooden paneling until one turns and enters the first room on the right. Beautifully creased wood panels, line the walls, while intricately carved panels hold the grand window directly across from the door. Rich in color, the
others and this is why she must continue to preach (Encyclopedia, 474). Isabella was one of 13 children from slave parents and she could only speak Dutch. She lived with her parents until the time she was 11then she was sent to a new master who mistreated her severely. This is when she learned how to speak English, but she would still have a Dutch accent the rest of her life. Her third master, the Dumonts, is where she was sent when she was thirteen and stayed for seventeen years. It is also where
oppression of the indigenous people of South Africa began with the colonization by the Dutch through the Dutch East India Company. The cape of South Africa proved to be a perfect resting spot for ships on their course from Holland or India. (Lapping, p. 1-2) Conflict was inevitable and finally after 7 years of settlement the indigenous Khoikhoi attacked the colony. The Khoikhioi could not match the firearms of the Dutch. (Lapping, p. 3) Van Riebeek, who proceeded over the colony had now gained superiority
religious freedom, and anti-slavery movements. Through his good relations with both the nobility of England, and the Indians of Pennsylvania, Penn was able to secure an entire state for many years to come. Penn was born in 1644 at Tower Hill, London, the son of English Admiral Sir William Penn, and Margaret Jasper, from a Dutch family, previously the widow of a Dutch captain, and the daughter of a rich merchant from Rotterdam. William Penn, Sr. served in the Commonwealth Navy during the English
These chief backers bought tracts of Pennsylvania land, were merchants, shopkeeper and artisans from London, Bristol, Dublin and other British towns. William Penn promised these “First Purchasers” city lots, and naturally they were attracted to the commercial possibilities of the port on the
Church, Pennsylvania. Derry Church is in southern Pennsylvania near the chocolate factory town of Hershey, Pennsylvania. Milton was born into a mennonite family. He spoke a german dialect of original Pennsylvania dutch. His mother followed the teachings of the Mennonites. Their simple faith was something she practiced all her life. His father on the other hand was a farmer. His father Henry Hershey, did not make much money as a farmer so he moved his family all around southern Pennsylvania. He did