Otto the Great Otto I, byname Otto the Great, German Otto der Grosse (born Nov. 23, 912—died May 7, 973), duke of Saxony (as Otto II, 936–961), German king (from 936), and Holy Roman emperor (962–973) who consolidated the German Reich by his suppression of rebellious vassals and his decisive victory over the Hungarians. His use of the church as a stabilizing influence created a secure empire and stimulated a cultural renaissance. Early years Otto was the son of the future king Henry I, of the Liudolfing
The Holy Roman Empire between 1197-1218 Between 1197 and 1218 the Holy Roman Empire became a medieval soap opera. The main characters were Pope Innocent III, Fredrick II, Phillip of Swabbia, and Otto IV. King Phillip of France would also play a major role along with Constance, mother of Fredrick II. The background from this period of 21 years was riveting. In 1197 Henry VI, king of Sicily, and the Holy Roman Empire died leaving his two year old son Fredrick II as king of Sicily. However Phillip
1024, under him the German empire became the most powerful western state in Europe. When Henry the Fowler died his son Otto I took over as the king of Germany. Through an alliance with the church, Otto constructed a German monarchy. He eventually made his way to Italy and proclaimed himself the king of Italy as well. On his second trip to Italy the Pope crowned him Emperor. Otto also put an end to the Magyar invasions, thereby enhancing his claim that the king, and not the dukes, was the true defender
to amplify their reign. I will argue that in similarities of the sovereigns, Charlemagne’s eighth and ninth century legacy is upheld through traditions via thirteenth century Charles IV (1316-1378) in politically connecting symbolism found between both eras in terms of religion, art, and locations as stimulated by the Reliquary Bust of Charlemagne. In order to demonstrate the symbolism, I will first examine both rulers affinity towards religion through the Holy Roman Emperor, Christianity, and the
dynamic made it difficult for the House of Habsburg to exercise control and to unify its empire. Religion proved to be the most difficult matter to control, attempts to do so resulted in the Thirty Years’ War. Early in the 17th century, Ferdinand I ascended to the throne of the Habsburg, Austrian Empire. Ferdinand was a devout Catholic and his subjects in his Bohemian territory believed that the right to practice Protestantism, granted to them by... ... middle of paper ... ... Constitutional
of Sultan Suleiman I to be crowned King of Hungary by a rival faction of the nobility and became the Sultan’s vassal. After 1571, with the coronation of István Báthory, this Kingdom became the Principality of Transylvania which was semi-autonomous with Habsburgs and Ottomans vying for control. Lastly there was Royal Hungary, the only part of Hungary still under Habsburg control in this period. It consisted of the western and north-western areas that had been secured by Ferdinand I after being declared
monarchs ruled though the policy of absolutism. Absolutism declared that the king ruled though divine right with a legitimate claim to sole and uncontested authority (French State Building and Louis XIV). On this basis, Louis XIV of France and Suleiman I of the Ottoman Empire were both absolute monarchs. Each ruler believed that his power belonged to him and him alone due to divine right. They showed their absolute power by living lavishly, increased their power by waging wars, and kept their power by
one of the cause of French Revolution? Was she really a cause of the French Revolution? Marie Antoinette was born on November 2, 1755 at the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, Austria, and in a rich family. She was one of the fifteen children of Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Empress Maria Theresa. She was the youngest daughter but second youngest child among those fifteen children. She lacked of education, so her handwriting was not easy to understand. Instead of liberal art lessons, she had more interested
Yet out of this chaos stepped an extremely capable ruler—Charles I of Anjou. It is important to note, however, that while Charles was from Anjou he and his son regarded themselves as Hungarians. Under Charles and his son, Louis I, Hungary would experience a sort of golden age where its prestige and borders swelled. While much of the success of the Angevin golden age can be attributed, coincidentally, to the discovery of massive amounts of gold within the kingdom, many of the aforementioned factors
Belgrade, Rhodes, and Hungary. This gave him confidence that he could also easily take Vienna and begin to sweep over the rest of Europe; this mistake would prove to be detrimental. After the Hungarian defeat in 1526, the Arch Duke of Austria, Ferdinand I of Habsburg, claimed the empty Hungarian throne by right of his wife, Anna of Bohemia and Hungary, who was the heirless Louis II’s sister. However, there was a dispute over the power in Hungary; Ferdinand took recognition only in the west, while a Transylvanian
Marie Antoinette Marie Antoinette was the wife of King Louis XVI of France. She was born in 1755 in France and was the daughter of the Great Emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa of Austria. Because here parents came from two countries at war with each other, their marriage formed a peace treaty. Marie was very spoiled and grew up with an extravagant lifestyle. She herself became the wife of the next heir to the French throne to further keep the peace. The heir was Louis XVI, who was a very dull
to taxation, and they enlisted the support of the middle class. The middle class was tired of the nobles' constant conflicts and demanded a change from feudalism. Instead, the New Monarchs turned to Roman law. Nations that were run by the New Monarchs include England, France, Spain, and the Holy Roman Empire. The New Monarchy began in England after the end of civil wars (1485), the Wars of the Roses when Henry VII acquired the throne by force, thus instituting the dynasty of the Tudors. Henry VII
In 1519, the Queen of France Catherine de’ Medici was born in Florence (Firenze), Italy on April 13th and is known to be one of the most important women during the Renaissance period. She died on January 5th, 1589 in Blois France. The Queen of France had faced many challenges all her life to have revolutionized what France is today. Including the innovation methods and cookery of cuisine in France, a style of ballet, fashion, an inventor, and a powerful political life in France. Known as Catherine
Maria Theresa was born on May 13, 1717 of the parents of Charles VI and Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Maria was the eldest daughter of Charles VI. She was born in Vienna, Austria. Her father was the emperor of Austria he was the last male emperor because his son died. Since she did not have a brother she would mostly likely be the one to take the throne from her father when he dies. Her father asked other countries to sign the Pragmatic Sanction to allow Maria Theresa to be an empress
Maria Theresa Birth Date and Birth Place Maria Theresa, the eldest daughter of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI and Elizabeth Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, was born in Vienna on May 13, 1717. Early Life When the only son of Charles VI died and left no heir to the throne, Charles furthered the Pragmatic Sanction. The Pragmatic Sanction is a royal act, which allowed a female to inherit the territories of the Habsburg. In 1736 Maria Theresa married Francis Stephen of Lorraine. The marriage of
The crowd shouted “Deus vult!” in response to the pope’s plea. Knights and peasants alike vowed to join the expedition to the Holy Land. For knights, the Crusade was a welcome chance to employ their fighting skills. For peasants, the Crusade meant freedom from feudal bonds while on the Crusade. All were promised immediate salvation in heaven if they were killed freeing the Holy Land from non-Christians. Adventure and the possibility of wealth were other reasons to join the Crusade. The First Crusade
Vienna, she reigned over Austria, Hungary,Croatia, Bohemia, Transylvania, Mantua, Milan, Lodomeria and Galicia, the Austrian Netherlands and Parma. By marriage, she was Duchess of Lorraine, Grand Duchess of Tuscany and Holy Roman Empress. She started her 40-year reign when her father, Emperor Charles VI, died in October 1740. Although she had been given no formal training to succeed to her father when he died ,he constantly living in the hopes of siring a male heir,Marie Theresa did however rule her various
Empire – gave birth to me in Vienna, Austria. I was Maria Theresa and Francis I’s 15th child and fourth daughter. I became the Queen of France and was executed during the French Revolution. At the age of 14, I was sent to France and to the Palace of Versailles. When I had my first appearance in France, there was a large crowd of 50,000 Parisians that grew with so much excitement until at least 30 people died from getting trampled over. On May 8th, 1770, I met the future king of France, Louis XVI, and
Holy Roman Empire Ever wondered what was one of the longest lasting empires that ever existed. The Holy Roman Empire was an empire with tremendous emperors and terrible emperors throughout its era. The Holy Roman Empire was an empire that was in existence from 800-1806(Cavendish). The Holy Roman Empire controls the majority of what is now Europe(Holy). During every change of emperors the landscape of the land they ruled changed to how they liked it during the Holy Roman Empire. What a good empire
and politics to achieve greatness, but they developed their own original identity. The Ottonian emperors like the Carolingian rulers wanted a closer relationship with the papacy and planned to recreate the glory of the ancient Roman Empire in a universal Christian state governed by the Pope. Therefore, the principal monarchs of the Ottonian dynasty, Otto I (c. 912-973), Otto II (c. 955-983), and Otto III (c. 980-1002) proceeded with their political agenda by sponsoring religious reforms, literature