Listeria monocytogenes Introduction Listeria monocytogenes, a motile, gram-positive rod, is an opportunistic food-borne pathogen capable of causing listeriosis in humans. Listeriosis includes manifestations of septicemia, meningitis, pneumonia, and encephalitis. L. monocytogenes is also implicated in miscarriages, stillbirth, and premature birth for pregnant women. L. monocytogenes is a tough bacterium resistant to freezing, drying, and heat; most strains have been shown to be pathogenic. It
Introduction The genus Listeria contains six species, two of which are considered pathogenic: Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii. L. monocytogenes is the only species that is associated with listeriosis in humans (1). L. monocytogenes is a Gram-positive rod, facultative anaerobe; at room temperature, it exhibits tumbling motility due to peritrichous flagella (1). It has an optimal growth temperature of 32-35oC, but L. monocytogenes can grow between 0-45oC, pH 4.4-9.4, and a water activity
couscous etc. (Food safety agency, 2014) This study is based on testing of refrigerated ready to eat salads which includes both fresh cut and bagged salads. In this study the main bacterium that is going to be determined are Listeria spp. Specifically Listeria monocytogenes. The study is aimed to establish the microbiological quality of ready to eat fresh cut salads and bagged salads from different catering and retail premises. RESEARCH BACKGROUND The common causes of food poisoning are bacteria
Blue Bell Creameries Listeria Crisis An organization’s quick response to crisis and effective crisis management are both vital to their sustainability. Blue Bell Creameries faced crisis in April, when a bacterial contamination caused operations to halt world-wide. Crisis management for this company has involved much more than finding and fixing the issue. This company has responded to financial loss, legal ramifications, employee impact, and perhaps the most crucial – public perception. About
The Effect of Listeriosis in Ovine Vs. Bovine Introduction Listeria, also referred to by the name Listeriosis, is an infection that is caused by eating contaminated food containing the bacterium Listeria Monocytogenes. This particular disease can affect not only animals, but also older adults, pregnant women, newborns, and adults with weakened immune systems. When looking at these bacteria under a microscope, they appear to be small and rod-like and can sometimes be seen arranged in short
bacteria. However, other meningitis causing bacteria are not spread person to person, but can cause disease due to the certain risk factors, such as, a weak immune system or head trauma. It should be noted, that one can get meningitis from Listeria monocytogenes by eating
fewer than 20 of the many thousands of different bacteria actually are the culprits. More than 90 percent of the cases of food poisoning each year are caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Clostridium perfringens, Campylobacter, Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Bacillus cereus, and Entero-pathogenic Escherichia coli. These bacteria are commonly found on many raw foods. Normally a large number of food-poisoning bacteria must be present to cause illness. Therefore, illness
effective treatment which further underscores the urgent need for the development of alternative therapeutic options (Mohamed et al., 2014). This scourge is further compounded by intracellular zoonotic pathogens, such as Mycobacterium, Salmonella, Listeria, and Brucella that reside and thrive inside mammalian cells (Seleem et al., 2009a, 2009b; Nepal et al., 2015). Treatment of infections caused by these intracellular pathogens is very challenging because most antibiotics are unable to access intracellular
important public health problems in United States causing numerous illnesses, hospitalizations and deaths of people. Centre for Disease control and Prevention report Nontyphoidal Salmonella, norovirus, Campylobacter spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli O157 and Staphylococcus aureus as the major food borne pathogens significant in US. CDC estimates that roughly 1 in 6 peoples got sick with 128, 000 hospitalizations and 3,000 deaths each year in
video, he emphasized the history of the company, a commitment to get it right, and sympathy for lost ice cream. Most importantly, he referred to the Listeria incident as a "heartbroken situation." In addition to the video, Blue Bell utilized its website as an information portal on Listeria. The website provided information on the side effects of Listeria, press releases, the statement by Paul Cruse, as well as a "Commitment to You" page reiterating its commitment to production quality and
An illness, a disease, a neurotoxin that is fatal. Beginning in crowded areas with massive populations and an abundance of homes, businesses and infrastructure. Targeting everyone despite age, gender and race. A toxin so powerful that an epidemic was declared in the state of New York within hours. Beginning in New York at Central Park, men and women went on with their daily lives and routines before being hit with a gust of wind accompanied by an altered mental state with profound confusion and
Eggo is a brand of frozen waffles that is owned by Kellogg. They have a variety of flavors, for example, homestyle, chocolate chip, blueberry, strawberry, buttermilk, miniature, vanilla bliss, cinnamon and many more. They have a variety of different ingredients which of course like most processed foods are not very good for you. The primary ingredients of Eggo waffles are enriched wheat flour, vegetable oil, eggs and baking soda. These ingredients are mixed into dough, which is allowed to rise. Eggo
Eggo is a brand of frozen waffles that is owned by Kellogg. They have a variety of flavors, for example, homestyle, chocolate chip, blueberry, strawberry, buttermilk, miniature, vanilla bliss, cinnamon and many more. They have a variety of different ingredients which of course like most processed foods are not very good for you. The primary ingredients of Eggo waffles are enriched wheat flour, vegetable oil, eggs and baking soda. These ingredients are mixed into dough, which is allowed to rise. Eggo
Meningitis is a bad disease that effects the muscles in the back and neck as well as effecting the immune system. This research paper should give all of the information that a person should need to know about all types of meningitis. This is a research paper about meningitis, and how it is transmitted, how it effects victims, and the treatment for it. Meningitis is the infection of the meninges. It is caused most commonly by bacterial or viral infection, and may be caused by fungal infection, or
This statement if for the MU PREP program to further elaborate on my laboratory experiences. My very first laboratory experience was with Dr. Rolf Joerger at the University of Delaware’s Townsend Hall food microbiology laboratory through the Nation Science Foundation - EPSCoR Progrram, there I also helped out some other principle investigators around the department occasionally as need. I came in, in the midst of ongoing research pertaining to the acid tolerance resistance of salmonella serovors
greater risk for bacterial infections because of their age or immune status. Young children, pregnant women and their fetuses, the elderly, and people with lowered immunity are at greatest risk. Complications Some micro-organisms, such as Listeria monocytogenes and Clostridium botulinum, cause far more serious illness than vomiting or diarrhea. They can cause spontaneous abortion or death. In some people, especially children, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) can result from infection by a particular
the phenomenon of biosorption and its presence on waste water, there are past studies venturing on the antimicrobial properties of essential oils and fruit parts. A study in 2013 by N.S. Al-Zoreky tested the antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, S. aureus, Escherichia coli and Yersinia enterocolitica by various extracts from pomegranate fruit peels and was evaluated using both in vitro and in situ methods. According to Antimicrobial Resistance Learning Site (2013), an antimicrobial
2.0 SOURCE OF FOOD DETERIORATION AND SPOILAGE Food deterioration and spoilage are undesirable changes occurring in food. Foods take time to lose their natural form though spoilage. The perfect environment for food deterioration is exposed moist food left at room temperature. Cooked food left to cool for a long period of time also will cause food deterioration. The three major causes of food deterioration and spoilage are bacteria contamination, physical contamination and chemical contamination.
INTRODUCTION Packaging of foods is one of the final steps in food processing before storage and consumption and thus is a critical step for incorporating antimicrobial mechanisms particularly to control the post-processing contamination. Antimicrobial packaging is a promising form of active packaging to improve safety and shelf-life of food products. It is a novel development system which incorporates antimicrobial agent into a polymer film to suppress the activities of targeted microorganisms that
leading to learning disabilities and hearing loss. There are many different pathogens that cause bacterial meningitis. The most common here in the United States are Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, group B Streptococcus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Neisseria meningitidis. These bacteria can be transmitted through direct contact with the nose and throat secretions of an infected person. The main reservoirs for these bacteria are humans but can also be the environment, mainly from